Journal of Majlesi Journal of Mechatronic Systems
Volume:10 Issue: 2, Jun 2021

In this work, we first presented a mathematical modeling of induction heating with two inductors constituted by the assembly (inductors-load to be heated), followed by the diagram of the chosen HF inverter, whose resonance is taken into consideration while applying a capacitor of compositions in series with each inductor. Second, by applying the method of zone control induction heating, we have synthesized suitable control laws in order to control the current flowing in the inductors and consequently the power supplied to the induction heating, the zone control induction heating method is used to cancel the magnetic coupling effects between the inductor currents. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the control strategy.

Today's parallel multipliers generally comprise three main parts: First is Partial Products Generator, which the most common method for this is to use Modified Booth Encoder (MBE) since it reduces the number of rows of an n bit multiplier to n/2+1 as well as executing signed multiplications. The second part is circuits that add Partial Products of equal value vertically to reduce the number of rows created in the first part into two rows. This part is generally done by Compressor or Counter. Finally, the third part is the final adder, which adds up the remaining two rows of the second part and produces the final multiplication outputs. Improvement in each of these 3 main parts can enhance the overall capacity of the multiplier. This paper presents a new high-speed 64x64-bit CMOS 8 stage pipelined Booth multiplier using fast booth encoder/decoder circuits, a new extra row elimination technique and a modified adder aiming to improve the speed of pipelined multiplier. In the proposed design, generation of first 31 bit rows and 32th row have the latency as low as 380 and 420 ps respectively due to optimizations in Booth Encoder/Decoder and first stage circuits. By applying these new architectures, the final adder performs 108-bit addition in only three cycles with high speed (2 GHz). With a 31% increase in the number of transistors and a 41% increase in latency, the multiplying sampling rate is 571% higher than the similar non-pipeline case. Power consumption @ 2GHz and 1.8 power supply is 924 mW. This multiplier is implemented in TSMC 0.18 µ CMOS technology and the results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

In distance measurement with the help of delay of pulse reception time, the target distance is determined by the time interval between the emission of a pulse and its echo reception. In elementary radars, measurements were made on the screen distance trace. In advanced analog radars, measurements are made by sequential opening of distance windows. Digital radars do the same thing by intermittently sampling the receiver output, converting samples to numbers, and storing these numbers in a bank of distance cells. The distance whose return time is equal to the pulse transmission period is called the maximum unambiguous distance. The solution to the ambiguity problem depends on the presence of ambiguities and the risk of ambiguity for the system. In this article, we look at a type of ambiguity called "ghosts" and look at how to remove it. Finally, we will briefly describe how to measure distance while tracking a single target. If the PRF can be considered so low that it is required from the maximum distance, the problem can be solved by eliminating returns related to farther goals. This can be easily done using the jump rate (Jitter). If higher PRFs are needed, then ambiguity is no longer appropriate, but we must clear up the ambiguities. This can be accomplished by successively switching the PRF between two or more consecutive values, and measuring changes in apparent boards. In this technique, if two targets are revealed simultaneously, each of them has two apparent distances, and the wrong choice of the pair of apparent locations of each target leads to a kind of error called a ghost. Ghosts can be removed by using additional PRFs. Using more than one PRF, in addition to adding complexity, also reduces the maximum radar range. Therefore, in choosing the optimal number of PRFs, a compromise must be made between these costs and the costs associated with occasional encounters with unresolved ambiguities and ghosts.

This paper presents a hybrid fuzzy-PD control scheme for an inverted pendulum pivoted to a wheeled cart. The angular position of the pendulum and displacement of the cart are considered as the outputs of the proposed system that can be controlled by an applied force to the cart. This force would lead to a linear motion of the cart along the X direction of the coordinate system. The nonlinear dynamic model is extracted on the basis of Newton–Euler formulation. After linearization of the obtained model, state-state representation would be obtained. In the next section, a hybrid fuzzy-PD controller is designed for stabilizing the inverted pendulum, in which, the controller parameters are tuned through the genetic algorithm. Hence, a cost function with the aim of minimizing the integral of time-multiplied square of the error (ITSE) over time is considered. The simulation results of the proposed hybrid fuzzy-PD controller for the studied inverted pendulum revealed the acceptable balancing of the system with the application of the force to the cart. Moreover, the system would be stable over time.

The present research is a pioneering work in the studies of wind farms in Iran and an attempt to compute static ATC with a high penetration of wind farm. This research investigated Python's ability (in DIgSILENT) in a power system. It also investigated the effects of adding several wind farms to the Iranian grid through a static and dynamic analysis of static and dynamic constraints, transient stability and reliability. At the end of this research, a new method is presented entitled as the Quadratic Approximation of the path of the Minimum Distance Curve (QAMDC) via Python in DIgSILENT. This method can compute static ATC in a large wind farm. These analyses were tested on a segment of a real Iranian network called Khorasan with 2000 buses.

In this paper, we focus on the refraction of light using gratings (in the front and back areas) in a silicon solar cell as one-dimensional crystal photonics and present the optimal structure for such cells. The front grating is provided with an anti-reflective coating on the absorbent layer (c-Si) to increase the absorption at short and medium wavelengths. We also proposed a back grating (corresponding to the front grating period) on a TCO or metal layer to increase long-wavelength absorption in a full solar cell. Based on this, the optical characteristics and short circuit current have been investigated. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is used to optimize the grating parameters for maximum adsorption in the layer (c-Si). Also, optical simulation is performed based on a silicon layer with a thickness of up to 2 micrometers using front and back grating. It can be seen that the proposed structure has about a 40.73% increase in current density compared to the case where only the anti-reflective coating used with the smaller active area is used and about 15 to 38% increase in current density compared to the cases where the front grating is used. Therefore, the proposed structure with a smaller active region thickness has a higher current density.