مجله طب نظامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 5 (پیاپی 102، امرداد 1400)

This study aimed to survey the role of mediating disconnection/rejection schemas and difficulty in emotion regulation related with childhood maltreatment and marital satisfaction.
In a descriptive correlational study, 300 married employees of Baqiyatallah hospital (150 males, 150 females) were selected according to accessibility sampling. All participants were asked to complete Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-SF) and ENRICH’s marital satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analysed by SPSS 16 and LISSREL 8.5.
The result showed that there was a significant negative correlation between childhood maltreatment (r=-0.40), difficulty in emotion regulation (r=-0.32), disconnection/rejection schemas (r=-0.-47) and marital satisfaction (P<0.05). In addition, the result showed that the proposed model has an acceptable fit.
Childhood maltreatment is, directly and indirectly, related to marital satisfaction through early maladaptive schemas.

Job stress is one of the problems that disrupts employeeschr('39') cognitive-emotional regulation. The mobile-based training can be used to improve emotional cognitive regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mobile-based training on coping strategies with job stress on the emotional cognitive regulation of operating room staff.

The present study was a fundamental-applied study with a quantitative method and quasi-experimental interventions (without control group) which was performed with the participation of 176 Operating Room and Anesthesia Technologists. Sampling was done by simple method with appropriate allocation. The mobile-based training provided strategies for coping strategies with job stress during six sessions. Data collection tool was demographic data form and Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS). Paired t-test was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

This study showed that the mobile-based training on coping strategies with job stress increased the level of emotional cognitive regulation of Operating Room Technologists (P<0.001) and Anesthesia Technologists (P<0.001). There was also no difference between the level of cognitive-emotional regulation of Operating Room Technologists and Anesthesia Technologists (P=0.707).

Considering that the mobile-based training for coping strategies with job stress increase emotional and cognitive-emotional regulation of Operating Room Technologists and Anesthesia Technologists, therefore, this training method is recommended for coping strategies with job stress in order to emotional-cognitive regulation was utilized by Operating Room Technologists and Anesthesia Technologists.

Nurses are exposed to high physical and psychological problems due to high workload. The COVID-19 epidemic has negatively affected their health and especially their sleep quality. This study aimed to compare the quality of sleep and the factors affecting it among Iranian nurses before and at the same time with the COVID-19 epidemic.

This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 175 frontline nurses in the fight against COVID-19 in 2020. Samples were collected using convenience sampling from two selected military and referral hospitals of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic information form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and one-sample t-test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

The majority of the samples were male (64%), under 30 years old (41.4%), and with less than 10 years of clinical experience (58.9%). 96% of nurses had poor sleep quality. Comparison of the results of nurseschr('39') sleep quality with the same population before the time of the Covid-19 epidemic showed a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between gender, marriage, and interest in the organization with poor sleep status (P <0.05).

According to the results, nurses did not have good sleep quality. Paying attention to the mental health of staff, especially female nurses, reducing job stress through emotional, psychological, and organizational support to improve the quality of nurseschr('39') sleep is recommended.

Post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans is associated with low levels of life satisfaction. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a causal model of life satisfaction of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder based on loneliness with a mediating role of self-esteem.
In this descriptive and correlational study, 200 veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder were selected by purposive sampling. Diener et al.chr('39')s Life Satisfaction Scale (1985), Russell et al.chr('39')s Loneliness Scale (1980) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1979) were used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) by SPSS software and Lisrel 8.8.
Based on the results, the causal model of the relationship between loneliness, self-esteem and life satisfaction in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder was confirmed based on various fitting indicators. Loneliness and self-esteem have a direct effect on the life satisfaction of veterans with stress disorder; Also, loneliness through self-esteem has an indirect effect on life satisfaction of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (P <0.05).
Therefore, loneliness and self-esteem play an important role in the life satisfaction of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, and targeting these two components through psychological therapies can be effective in improving the life satisfaction of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Nursing is one of the most stressful jobs. Job stress leads to the over-formation of free radicals. Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidants is disturbed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of job stress on oxidative stress in nurses of selected hospitals in Sanandaj.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional. According to the inclusion criteria, 46 nurses and 46 hospital staff entered the study. Demographic data were collected, job stress was assessed using the Osipow Job Stress Questionnaire, blood samples were prepared, and the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.

There was a significant difference between the level of job stress in the group of nurses and administrative staff (P <0.05). Examination of oxidative stress parameters did not show a significant difference between the two groups for SOD enzymes (P=0.083) and MDA (P=0.578) and CAT (P=0.592). Also, stress had no effect on SOD, MDA and CAT levels by modulating group variables.

According to the research findings, job stress had no effect on oxidative stress measurement parameters. Also, the parameters of oxidative stress by modulating the stress variable did not show a significant difference between the two groups. These results may be due to the adaptation of people to stress and the same level of stress in the two groups. Further research is needed to confirm the hypotheses.

Hospitals are One of the vital and sensitive places as well as practical that maintaining their function in normal conditions and in times of crisis is one of the biggest concerns of health system managers. By using the principles of fire safety, hospitalschr('39') vulnerability can be reduced. Fire is one of the risks that can lead to many human and financial losses as well as disruption of hospital performance. Fire risk assessment is a more effective way to assess the vulnerability, capacity and capability of the hospital. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of fire in one of the hospitals in Tehran to analyze the vulnerability of these uses.
This cross-sectional study was performed by using the Fire Risk Assessment Method for Engineers (FRAME) in the hospital building of a military hospital. Fire risk was calculated using the formulas of the mentioned method in EXCEL software. Factors influencing the level of risk obtained were identified and evaluated.
The level of fire risk for residents in all units was higher than one. Level factor, fire load factor and normal protection factor were identified as effective factors that result in the existing fire risk level.
The numerical value of the risk for the residents was at an unfavorable level. The results of this study showed that the use of FRAME method in assessing the risk of health facilities such as hospitals, by determining the strengths and weaknesses of the assessed locations, the possibility of identifying effective factors to predict and prevent accidents and maintain the performance of these centers at times. Be sensitive to such man-made or natural emergencies.

Due to the adverse effects of exposure to electromagnetic waves on humans and equipment, engineering controls such as the use of shields are one of the best ways to control and reduce exposure to electromagnetic waves. There are various methods to evaluate the performance of electromagnetic shields. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shield penetration depth and thickness on the performance of nanocomposites.
In this study, paraffin wax was used as a matrix and black carbon spherical nanoparticles and Fe3O4 were used as filler. Two nanocomposite samples were made with different weight percentages of fillers. The electromagnetic properties of nanocomposites made were measured using a Vector Network Analyzer in the frequency range of 8-12.5 GHz (X) based on the transfer/reflection method. The Delta function was used to evaluate the shielding protective performance at different thicknesses and frequencies.
Based on the weight percentage of nanocomposite constituents, two samples were obtained. The highest penetration depth was observed in FN2 samples. Correlation between free space impedance and shield components was observed at the lowest shield thickness and at the initial frequencies. The lowest delta value was observed in the FN2 sample.
According to the Delta function, by increasing the absorption and decreasing the reflection in the shield, the protective efficiency of the shield increases. Shield thickness and frequency of electromagnetic waves affect the protective performance of the shield. Increasing the match of impedance between free space and shielding material increases the shield efficiency.

The purpose of the current study is investigation the effect of eight weeks injury prevention program on performance and and musculoskeletal pain in imam Ali military university students.
The present study is quasi experimental and the research design is of two groups with pre-test and post-test processes in both groups and interventions on the experimental group. For this research, 80 Imam Ali military university students were selected purposefully based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then subjects were randomly divided into two groups included 40 subjects in the experimental and 40 subjects in the control group. Functional movement screen (FMS) test was used to evaluate the performance of the subject and the Nordic questionnaire was used to assess the musculoskeletal pain. Then the subject in the experimental group performed an injury prevention program for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week (24 sessions). And during this period, subject in the control group performed their daily programs. At the end of the exercise, the post-test similar to the pre-test was taken from both groups. Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical method was used to check the normality of the data and paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used to evaluate the performance test scores and musculoskeletal pain of the two groups before and after the intervention.
The results of paired t-test showed that in all tests of FMS except shoulder flexibility, a significant difference was found between pre-test and post-test only in the experimental group (P<0.05). Also, the results of analysis of covariance showed an improvement in the performance of the subjects in all tests except shoulder flexibility, in the posttest between the two groups (P<0.05). Also, the results of Nordic questionnaire showed that the disorders in the lumbar region are 65 present and in the knee region are 53 present. The number of people with mild lumbar injury decreased in the experimental group from 18 to 9 injuries and the number of people with severe lumbar injuries decreased from 6 to 2 injuries which showed a significant difference before and after eight weeks of intervention (P<0.05) but this difference was not significant in the control group (P>0/05). Also, the number of people with mild knee injuries in the experimental group decreased from 12 to 4 injuries and the number of people with severe knee injuries decreased from 7 to 2 injuries witch showed a significant decrease before and after eight weeks of intervention (P<0/05) but this difference was not significant in the control group (P>0/05).
The present study showed that the injury prevention program has an effect on performance and musculoskeletal pain in knee and lower back of students of Imam Ali Military University and instructors and professors of military universities can use this injury prevention program to reduce pain and improve performance.

The use of life-saving equipment is an effective measure to prevent drowning. Today, divers, pilots, paratroopers, and rappellers (in marine environments) of the armed forces and relief forces use this equipment in military, relief, and training operations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and efficiency of equipping air cushion wrist in lifeguard operations and keeping a person afloat for military and relief operations.
In this study, an air cushion wrist specimen was designed and manufactured from a soft and thick rubber airbag, a carbon dioxide air capsule, an aluminum capsule discharge mechanism, and a retaining bag made of Waterproof fabric were used. The efficiency of this equipment was studied inside a pool with a depth of 6 meters (at different depths) and a human manikin (with different weights) using the statistical analysis Method of Response Surface (RSM) and Design-Expert software.
In this study, the minimum rescue time was related to placing a 30 kg manikin at a depth of one meter (0.45 seconds) and the highest rescue time was related to placing a 60 kg manikin at a depth of five meters (2.46 seconds). Also, the operating time was measured by the lifeguard (from the moment the manikin reached the activator) in this experiment for 2 to 4 seconds. The buoyancy time was 18 hours for a 60 kg man in a single experiment. Also, the rate of lack of fit of the data by the software was calculated to be 18.9%.
The results of the present study showed that the device can rescue people in deep water without the need for another person as a helper. By creating long-term buoyancy for the user, this device can increase the maneuverability of military forces in water areas and also provide enough time for rescue forces to arrive at the scene of an accident.

Team Performance Observation Tool (TPOT) is a tool developed in the TeamSTEPPS that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of team performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of TPOT to measure the performance of teamwork in Baqiyatallah university’s health care workers.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 steps during 2020. Validity was assessed by using the translation and re-translation approach of the tool. In the second phase of the study, face and content validity was assessed by using a panel of experts with the presence of 10 health professionals. In the third stage, in addition to quantitative evaluation of face validity, the reliability of the instrument was evaluated in two dimensions of internal consistency by calculating Cronbachchr('39')s alpha and reproducibility via using test-retest. The study population in the third stage consisting of 44 faculty members, nursing managers and different departments of a military medical university in Tehran, were studied by purposive sampling. The tool TPOT has 23 items in five domains. Spearman correlation test was used to determine the internal correlation of the five domains of the instrument. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS ver 25 and Excel 2016 software.

In the content validity study according to the table of Lawshe CH, Waltz CF, Bausell RB the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) scale and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated to be 0.98 and 0.96, respectively. The face validity check on the item impact score was also calculated and all were above 1.5. Also, Cronbachchr('39')s alpha of all dimensions of the questionnaire was higher than 0.92 and the total instrument was 0.94. There was an acceptable correlation between all dimensions of the questionnaire. The results of the ICC evaluation also show that the intra-group correlation is at an acceptable level either in one step (0.89; P <0.001) or in repeated measures (0.97; P <0.001).

The questionnaire has an acceptable face and content validity and internal consistency in the military care community. Therefore, it can be used to objectively evaluate the team performance of different healthcare groups in Persian-speaking countries.