فصلنامه مدیریت بحران و وضعیت های اضطراری
پیاپی 40 (بهار 1400)

This research is aimed at designing the model of supporting measures required during crises. It is an applied descriptive-analytical research which follows survey method. The statistical population of this study includes 150 people, 50 of whom are selected on the basis of the statistical methods for collect information by simple random sampling. The data collection tool contains a questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha formula is used for validation through content validity and confirming the reliability of the questionnaire. The results revealed that three logistics systems including integrity, agility, and authenticity can convey the main dimensions of the optimal support model in crises. Moreover, the eleven accepted components of critical situations, according to priority, consist of integrated objectives, integrated design, integrated performance quick reaction, technology, flexibility, customer orientation, avoid wasting material, constant improvement, standardization, and timeliness. These dimensions are derived from integrated, agile and authentic logistics systems.

This research is intended to assess the vulnerability of the subway stations in case of terrorist chemical threats. This is an applied study following a descriptive - analytical method. Relying on library studies, international standards and questionnaire, the researchers identified the effective indicators of vulnerability first, and then sought the effect of these factors on the northern stations of Tehran Metro Line 1. The reliability of the researcher made questioner was confirmed by experts, and the content validity was approved by CVR and CVI techniques. Data analysis was carried on by network analysis process (NAP), one of the most powerful techniques in decision making, as well as Super Decision Software were employed as the processing tools for ranking the stations and indicators. The results indicated that the Imam Khomeini station (weight: 0.0964) occupied the first rank, and Gheitariyeh station (weight: 0.039) was at the last rank in terms of detection techniques and reacting to vulnerability. Moreover, the indicator of “compiling and distributing manual” was at the first rank among the 11 approved indicators. This station rankings method helps managers investigate the effect of indicators on each station, identify minor indicators in them, and reinforce them to achieve uniform performance. Additionally, according to this ranking, the criterion of human performance plays a clear role in reducing the vulnerability of stations. This criterion includes training, culture, development and learning by the employees and travelers. It requires its own special methods.

Public opinion engineering plays an essential role through media for effective dealing with crisis and crisis management. Inspiring public opinion through attitudes that a section of the general public deeply adheres to and reacts, often lead to promises and partnership that manage organizations, groups, governments, and the public to perform effective and extensive actions. The media affects public opinion in three ways: 1. Providing information about issues by propagating news 2. Communicating a wide range of messages from government officials and politicians to the public 3. Presenting discussion on issues. The main tendency of the media to manage public opinion emerges when society is in the condition of crisis. Effective media is supposed to have special features to play its role in crisis management by providing quick and timely information and messages. The public opinion engineering media model, according to the types of crisis and the psychological and sociological characteristics of the audience and their involvement in the crisis, requires different media tools and methods to employ in specific programs for each crisis. This research is aimed at identifying the role of media in public opinion engineering based on theories of individual and social psychology, and paying attention to both internal wills and inclinations of individuals and social factors and the planning factor in public opinion engineering consistent with religious and national beliefs of the people.

Crisis management is of special importance these days. One of the main requirements of good crisis management relates to the high level of readiness and capability of human resource. The outbreak of Corona virus as a pandemic crisis has stopped the flow of industry and trade, and certainly organizational approaches must be changed after its outbreak. In the meantime, it was human resource which tolerated most hurt. This indicates that human resource management is of great importance in this regard. This research is aimed at designing a human resource management model during and after Corona eruption. Having reviewed the literature, and having identified human resource management functions in the field of corona crisis management, the researchers identified the challenges and human resource management components on the basis of the views of a number of experts. Interviews were conducted through open-ended questions in order to arrive at a model of human resource management with the outbreak of coronavirus.

This study is intended to investigate the probability of the outbreak of social crises after natural disasters in the multi-ethnic province of Khuzestan. The research is carried out through library method by reviewing the related sources and collecting data through questionnaires and interviews. Analysis of the data is carried out quantitatively, through SPSS software, and qualitatively. The results revealed that there is a direct positive relationship between the efficiency of government management and crisis management in reducing the social crisis caused by natural disasters. The most prominent results of the research on the possibility of social crisis after the natural disaster in Khuzestan province revealed that the causes of crises include poverty, increase of ethnic differences, discrimination, and injustice. The most important solution for preventing social crises includes proper and justice-oriented management of natural disasters in regions with ethnic diversity. Cultural reforms such as control of ethnic prejudice and proper education through the media, educational institutions and organizations are other ways to prevent social crisis caused by the danger of crisis in Khuzestan province; However, poverty alleviation and eradication of people’s deprivation are the first priorities of public administration through crisis management approach in the prevention phase.

Today's business environment requires strong planning and immense investment to confront unexpected crises. The company's reputation and brand, as well as the shareholders’ trust and loyalty, underly the background factors in crisis management. Human resource leaders play a strategic role in organizational sustainability, and act through broad preparations such as safety and security plans, leadership development, proficient management, and can make strong communication plans to support crisis management.