فصلنامه برنامه ریزی توسعه کالبدی
پیاپی 22 (تابستان 1400)

The main issue of the present study is the feasibility of Shiraz sustainable urban regeneration indicators and components. In order to achieve the goals, the status of sustainable urban regeneration indicators are analyzed and evaluated (economic, managerial, legal, participatory, socio-demographic, cultural-tourism and physical-functional) in the target areas of Shiraz's historical district (Darb-shazdeh, Sare-dozak, Eshagh-beig, bazare-morgh and sange-siah). These quarters are selected as target neighborhoods to evaluate the regeneration and sustainability indices, purposefully due to the availability of documentation of rehabilitation, renovation and regeneration programs and the availability of actors, stakeholders, and key elements of plans and programs. The statistical population of this study is 26069 inhabitants of five selected neighborhoods of eight municipality of Shiraz historical district. Then, 384 people were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaires were distributed and completed by simple random method. The required data were collected through FMEA analysis and field studies (questionnaire and interview) and analyzed by SPSS software, one-sample T-test, analysis of variance, test experience (LSD) and Friedman. Research findings show that in Shiraz status qua, physical-functional index with the mean of 3.443 had the highest mean and public participation index with the mean of 2.223 was the lowest. The results of analysis of variance indicate that there are significant differences among the five target neighborhoods of Shiraz historical district in terms of sustainable urban regeneration indices. Also, according to the results of Friedman test, Sare-dozak neighborhood with a mean of 3.53 is the lowest and the Bazare-morgh with a mean of 12.17 is ranked first.

The issue of quality of urban life was one of the first areas of study that, along with urban growth and its problems, gradually came to the attention of urban experts in the 1930s. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life in the inner neighborhoods of Semnan city and to prioritize them. Accordingly, two categories of objective and subjective indicators for assessing the quality of life were evaluated. Objective indicators include land price, access to urban centers, income and household size, average unit area, access to green space, access to public transportation, and construction quality. The subjective indicators include criteria such as security, sense of belonging to the neighborhood, water quality, social relations and attractiveness of the neighborhood. Entropy method was used to determine the weight and significance of each indicator. Finally, TOPSIS method was used to prioritize the neighborhoods. Given that the assessments obtained from measuring the subjective and objective dimensions of quality of life may not match the current situation in the neighborhoods of Semnan, the opinions of urban planning experts of the municipality of Semnan as well as owners of real estate agencies were used in the form of a questionnaire. The obtained results were comparatively compared using two methods. The values obtained from this comparison showed that in 17 neighborhoods out of the 28 inner neighborhoods of the city, the expert opinions matched the findings of TOPSIS method, while in the other neighborhoods no significant difference was observed among the findings.

Human and natural factors are effective in the distribution of cities and urbanization. In Iran, the role of the human factor is greater, and this has been due to the implementation of development policies and programs. This factor has led to regional inequality and geographical imbalances, including on the north and south coasts which is well reflected in the distribution pattern of cities. In the present article, we try to compare the distribution patterns of cities on the north and south coasts, which have a common feature, being adjacent to the sea. So, the question is what is the pattern of spatial distribution of cities on the north and south coasts of the country? The research method is descriptive-inferential and using the model of the nearest neighborhood and Moran coefficient, the location of the studied cities have been compared with each other. The results show that the spatial distribution of cities in the northern coastal basin is more concentrated than the spatial distribution of cities in the southern coastal basin except Khuzestan plain. Northern cities have favorable natural conditions, traction poles, transit routes, and anti-deprivation policies, and therefore they are more spatially correlated with each other. The spatial distribution of cities in the southern coastal basin is clustered in the western part and the spatial auto-correlation is positive, but to the east, the density of cities and their spatial cohesion is reduced. For this reason, the density and spatial cohesion of cities on the east of the southern coast is minimized.

High-rise construction is one of the approaches based on new theories of urban development and the maximum use of valuable urban land. This approach has been adopted by urban managers and policymakers to meet the growing needs of the growing urban population. Mashhad is the second largest metropolis after Tehran and has a special political-administrative function as well as pilgrimage-tourism. In this respect, it is very attractive for the attraction of the population and the tourist. Therefore, high-rise construction is pursued as a grand strategy aimed at spatial development, with minimal land use and urban land reuse in urban development plans and programs. Adaptation of high-rise residence to the social and religious context of Mashhad requires identifying the challenges and weaknesses of this strategy that the present study was designed to respond to. This research is by nature an applied research. The research is a survey and its type of analysis is descriptive-comparative. In order to apply the results of the research, the proposed guidelines for eliminating social and cultural damages of high-rise buildings in Mashhad have been presented in the form of integrated land management model and high-rise construction in Mashhad.

Natural hazards such as snow, floods and the like are considered as inevitable phenomena that are always a serious threat to human communities, especially rural communities. If these communities do not have the necessary resilience, the harmful effects of these risks will increase. If these communities do not have a secure level of resilience, the harmful effects of these risks will increase. Therefore, it is important to measure the resilience of the villagers against the natural hazards. The purpose of this study is to measure the resilience of rural settlements in case of blockage of communication roads. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Documentary and field studies have been used to collect data and information. The research area includes eleven villages in Barough rural district in Miandoab Township. According to Cochran's formula, 281 rural households were selected as the research sample and the research data were obtained with their help. The results showed that the resilience of rural settlements in Barough rural district in the event of snow cut-off of communication roads, with the exception of the physical dimension which is less than average, is at a desirable level. Also, the most important factor in increasing the resilience of the villagers when the roads are blocked due to snowfall is "increasing social participation and economic power."a

Today, the lifestyle of children is increasingly changing to sedentary. Walking between home and school can be a relatively convenient and possible plan to increase the student’s daily physical activity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between individual and socio-economic properties of families and street configuration on the walking of elementary students of public schools in Shiraz city. For this purpose, six regions of Shiraz with different features have been selected initially in terms of passages configuration, then 18 public elementary schools for girls and boys as well as 1021 students were randomly selected. Therefore, parents in the questionnaires filled background information, including personal and family information, and street configuration was extracted around 1200m of the schools using Depth Map software. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between age and the number of children in the family, and there was a negative relationship between gender, father’s education, car ownership, and the number of the family members with the driving license. In addition, there was a positive relationship between street configuration, choice, connectivity, and synergy and a negative relationship between depth and walking of students. Moreover, the distance between home and school had a negative relationship as the most crucial factor with the walking of students. This study provides essential confirmation for urban planners and policymakers about the importance of street configuration around the school in the daily travel of students. One important principle is that designing a street network with high accessibility and communication and also increasing the legibility of streets can lead the perception of parents and students to use them in their walking between school and home.

When using the capacities of urban rivers, attention should be paid to maintaining the balance between the ecological capacity of the river, the interests of economic stakeholders and the needs of different social groups. The present study investigated the environmental effects of recreational activities along the river in Babolsar. Since most of these functions are located in the riverbed and have become an integral element of the ecosystem and its landscape, questions arise about their effects on the environment and the quality of use of public spaces along the river. Some questions include: What are the effects of exploiting the space capacities along the river in the form of existing recreational functions on the environment and the landscape of the river bank? And, in response to these effects, what range of users' needs do they meet? Or, what effect do these recreational activities have on the quality of citizens' use of other public spaces along the river? This research has tried to answer such questions through field observations and analysis of findings with the help of statistical tests. Findings show that hospitality and recreational uses along the river, despite the adverse impact on the river ecology, have not been able to provide a desirable and safe public space for some users and stakeholders, including youth, women and children. In addition, by being located in the river and destroying its landscape, they have even had a negative impact on the use of public spaces along the river.

Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economy, especially in developing countries. Due to growing population, food security has become a major challenge and elimination of hunger is identified as one of the main goals of the millennium development goals. In this regard, considering the strategic nature of cereals and its effective role in ensuring food security in the country, the purpose of this study is to analysis the trend of spatial and temporal changes in cereals (wheat and barley) over a 15year period from 2003 to 2018. In this study, the research method is descriptive-analytical. The data were collected documentary based on the official data published by Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and Statistics Center of Iran. Data analysis was performed using spatial statistics techniques in the ArcMap software environment. The results of the study show that at the national level, changes have been made with a relative reduction in the area under barley cultivation and a significant reduction in the area under wheat cultivation. The results of the research at the provincial level indicate a relative decrease in fluctuations and the range of changes in the area under cereals cultivation among the provinces of the country, in other words, a relative balance has been created in the allocation of land to wheat and barley cultivation among the provinces. The results of spatial analysis of cereal cultivation area also show that the focus of cereal cultivation is mainly in some counties located in the west and northwest of the Iran.