مجله آموزش پژوهی
پیاپی 26 (تابستان 1400)

STEAM incorporates the idea of interdisciplinary learning that students learn through a real combination of disciplines and can solve problems in a real context. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to take a step towards introducing this new educational approach as much as possible and to provide a clear picture for the implementation of this framework in the educational system. The method of this research is systematic review. The population of this study consists of 567 articles on Steam education that have been published in prestigious scientific journals between 2000 and 2020. The research sample consisted of 10 articles that were purposefully studied and analyzed in a targeted manner based on screening at different stages. The results of systematic review and qualitative analysis of the content of the 10 articles studied indicate that the STEAM educational approach includes scientific research and engineering design process, problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning, constructive movement approach, collaborative approach And the sequence approach. Using each of the identified approaches, the STEAM teaching method can be implemented in the classroom and the benefits of this teaching method can be used.

culture is considered as the body of a university, and is reflected in the basic parts of the university. In this study,in order.to discover the.components of.university culture in virtual learning from the perspective of master studentsof educational sciencesof Mazandaran University was studied.The research was applied in.terms.of purpose and survey in.terms.of descriptive method and the.general design of.the research was mixed.The research data were obtained inthe qualitative part using semi-structured interviews with.university professors  and. in. the quantitative part  using the student population sample questionnaire. In the  qualitative.part.of.the.research,12 themes were  extracted through interviews.in.the field of components .of.university.culture.in.virtual.education.In.a.small part,. the. samples.were  examined. using .a .researcher - made questionnaire. To analyze.the quantitative.data.in.the.statistical part of the t-statistic was analyzed through Spss software.Qualitative findings.were.extracted through semi-structured interviews.in 3 general categories  of contextual components,interactions and artifacts. In.the.quantitative part.of the statistical data, students 'views on the context and artifacts were not satisfactory and significant, and in the interaction component, students' views were evaluated as significant and desirable.As a result, the proper use of the capacity of academic culture in virtual education requires a change in the context, and artifacts of cyberspace for its audience.Strengthening Interactions as an Important and Constructive Principle in Virtual Education A good introduction to improving other elements of academic culture in virtual education is an urgent necessity.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the lived experience of elementary teachers of the phenomenon of mobbing and organizational bullying in the school environment with a phenomenological approach. The present research is qualitative and with a phenomenological approach. In this study, 20 male and female elementary school teachers in District 2 of Shiraz city were interviewed. The sampling method was purposive. The interview method was semi-structured and the interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data analysis was based on Colaizzi's seven-step strategy. Analysis and in-depth understanding of teachers' statements to identify 3 themes 1) Why this phenomenon (role of Manager and type of management, financial and psychological problems of teachers and the role of education system and education organization), 2) The form of mobbing and bullying behaviors in the environment Educational and school (such as absenteeism and assassination, physical conflict), 3) the effects of mobbing and bullying in the workplace (such as leaving the organization). Finally, according to the results obtained, suggestions are made to prevent this phenomenon.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the position of physical education among other subjects in managers, teachers, parents, and students’ views. The statistical population of the study consists of all managers and both male and female teachers and all male and female students of Elementary Schools of Rasht. The sample consists all the managers, 310 teachers, 400 male and female students among their parents. The instrument to gather the data was a researchermade questionnaire that different Educational position of physical education compared to other school subjects tested Elementary Schools. content and face validity have been approved by University professors, leaders of different subject groups and experienced teachers, and reliability has also been approved by Cronbach Alpha Method. The result of the study showed significant difference between the position of physical education subject and other school subjects in students, parents, managers, and teacher’ views. The results were as follows: Students ranked physical education in fourth, parents ranked physical education in third, and principals and teachers ranked physical education in first. Due to the fundamental transformation plan, the development of a national curriculum and various plans in the elementary school, the physical education course was of considerable importance.

the purpose of this study is to investigate the administrative and educational problems of sixth grade work and technology course from the students' point of view.The statistical population of the present study includes all sixth grade elementary students in Afshar region in2009-2010with142 students. Simple random sampling method was used to determine the sample;The statistical sample size of34 students in this grade is 17female students and17male students. The data collection tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to determine the face and content validity of the questionnaire, the opinion of three teachers with sixth grade experience about the questionnaire was asked and approved. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum)and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and independent t-test) were used to analyze the data. SPSS24 software was used for data analysis. The results of independent t-test show that there is no significant difference between male and female students in the variables of teacher teaching and mastery, student input information,student attitude, needs assessment, book usefulness, homework,educational space and facilities and evaluation(But there is a significant difference between the views of male and female students in the variables of individual and gender differences (P <0.01).

Unmotivated or lacking in motivation also refers to people who do not receive any motivation - inner satisfaction and value or external incentives - for their activities and therefore avoid doing them. The difficult conditions of education in the corona course had made students unmotivated to learn. Therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of teaching in a mobile learning style and its effect on students' lack of motivation towards school. The research method was action research and study on an elementary school student in Ashtrinan region in the academic year 2020-2021. Information about lack of motivation that was a student problem was collected through observations, interviews and questionnaires; One of the main solutions was the new teaching and mobile learning technologies that were done for him. The obtained information was analyzed using descriptive method and the relationship between mobile learning and motivation was confirmed. As the results of this study showed, mobile learning that has been done through new technologies has a significant effect on the formation of motivation and can reduce the student's lack of motivation from school.