مجله راهبردهای نو در روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی
پیاپی 10 (تابستان 1400)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on reducing depression, anxiety and increasing psychological stubbornness of teachers in Kermanshah in 2019-2020. The present study is a pilot project of pre-test-post-test type with control group. Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy and the control group did not undergo any interventions. Psychology has become teachers. The most important results of this study are the effectiveness and usefulness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing the level of depression, anxiety and increasing psychological stubbornness of teachers. It is concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be effective in improving the symptoms of anxiety and depression and improving stubbornness.

Undoubtedly, the teacher has a key and influential role in all educational systems, and society expects the school and the teacher to prepare students for real life in tomorrow\'s society. This issue has led to the emphasis in recent years on improving the quality of education and having qualified teachers around the world, including the Iranian education system; Numerous studies have been conducted on the characteristics of an effective teacher in the country and different classifications have been used for this phenomenon; The purpose of this study is to review the dimensions and components of an effective and efficient teacher in Iranian education and to provide a comprehensive framework in this field. The research method is descriptive-analytical. In this study, the dimensions and components of an effective teacher were extracted using library studies such as (articles, books, journals, journals, dissertations and indexes written in this field). The present research is applied in terms of nature and purpose and while expressing the concept of an effective teacher, it points to its most important characteristics. Finally, all identified factors are organized under a comprehensive framework. In general, the effectiveness of teachers is considered as one of their empowerment approaches, which can be mentioned in terms of knowledge, skills, attitudes and personality as the main branches of effective teachers in Iran, each of which has several sub-branches.

The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of metacognitive technique training on the resilience dimensions of good students. Semi-experimental research is a pre-test-post-test type with a control group. Research variables include one independent variable (metacognitive strategies) and two dependent variables (resilience and stress). The statistical population includes all ninth grade female students, numbering 4,292, and the sample includes 60 ninth grade female students who were purposefully selected to collect data from the Connor and Davidson Response Questionnaires (CD-RISC) and stress response. Mountain and colleagues were used. The results of the Manqua test and the analysis of one-way covariance in the Mankova text showed that teaching metacognitive technique reduces stress and increases resilience in students.

The aim of this research was to the effectiveness of meta-diagnostic therapy on reducing the symptoms and increasing psychological flexibility in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The research method was a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test with a control group. The sample of this study included of 24 adolescents with social anxiety disorder in the falavarjan city in 2020 that the available sampling method was used and the adolescents were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups(12individual in experimental group and control group). intervention was in 12 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. For data collection the Connor social anxiety(SPIN) and Bond et al Questionnaires of Psychological Flexibility(AAQ-II) that The adolescents responded in step pre-test-post-test. Univariate and multivariate covariance were used to analyze the data.the result showed that meta-diagnostic treatment reduced the symptoms of social anxiety and increased psychological flexibility in the experimental group participants(p<0.01).according to the results of this study,Meta-diagnostic treatment can be effective in reducing symptoms and increasing psychological paternal flexibility in adolescents with social anxiety disorder.this treatment can be used to improve the problems of individuals with social anxiety.

The coronavirus crisis is known worldwide for its widespread prevalence; In fact, with the advent of the Corona virus, people\'s lives and mental and physical health were endangered, as well as with the restrictions it placed on it, causing various problems such as not providing face-to-face education and benefiting from educational facilities, marital conflicts and The increase in divorce rates led to mental disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the present article, which is a qualitative study, a number of participants who were willing to be interviewed were selected and asked open-ended questions about mental health, satisfaction with e-learning. At the end of the article, the proposed solutions and the correct way of dealing with family members to cope with coronary limitations and increase mental health and life satisfaction in such critical situations were presented.

In the last decades of the 20th century, at the same time of development of optimism psychological procedure, paying attention to personality structures and psychological capital has had increasing trend. Objective of the present research is determination of the relationship of personality characteristics with psychological capital of teachers and comparison with employees of the University. Statistical society of this research consisted of all teachers of Rasht Education Department, Dist. 2, and all employees of the University of Guilan, occupying in educational year: 2015-16; 602 teachers 180 persons, and among 303 employees of the University of Guilan, 90 persons, have been selected through the method of random stratified cluster sampling. In order to data collection, NEO Personality Characteristics Questionnaires and Psychological Capital Questionnaire have been used. The data were analyzed through multiple regression, Pierson correlation coefficient, independent t-test methods, using spss 18 software. The results indicated that teachers of personality characteristics extraversions have higher in comparison with employees of the university, and difference of openness of teachers with employees of the university, with the condition of inequity of groups’ variance (P≤0.01, F=16.22), with the observed t (t=3.12), is statistically significant (p<0.01). and the employees of the university have higher hopefulness and resiliency in comparison with the teachers; and there is no significant difference between self-efficacy and optimism (P≥ 0.05). Study on the results indicates necessity of paying attention to personality characteristics and psychological capital of the persons in the time of employing them in different occupations.

Marriage is one of the important social phenomena and institutions that has a very sensitive role on all aspects of human life and it is necessary to have the necessary physical, psychological and social preparation for it. Marriage in childhood and adolescence is a form of violence against children and contrary to the rights of the child and can deprive them of the opportunity to grow and develop. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of self-pity and dysfunctional cognitive processes \"cognitive fusion, cognitive avoidance, rumination\" in psychological symptoms (depression) of women with early marriage.

The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the present study is all women with early marriage \"under 15 years\" in Khaf city, whose number was 910 people. The study sample according to Morgan table was 270 women with early marriage in Khaf city who were selected by cluster sampling and randomly. Data collection tools: Bagherinejad and Salehi Federdi and Tabatabai Ruminant Questionnaire (2009), Gilanders et al. (2014), Sexton and Dogas Cognitive Avoidance (2008); Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

The results of data analysis showed that dysfunctional cognitive processes \"cognitive fusion, cognitive avoidance and rumination\" can lead to depression in women with early marriage, while self-pity can prevent depression.

According to the obtained results, it is suggested that pre-marriage training workshops be held for couples on the eve of marriage and that more education and information be provided to parents about the harms of early marriage.

The aim of this study was the effect of self-awareness training on life skills with quantitative and quasi-experimental methods. The community of psychology students of Yadegar Imam (AS) -Shahrari Branch of Azad University in the academic year of 2019-2020. Due to the prevalence of coronary heart disease, 22 married and single women were selected by available methods. The data collection method was also non-random and available. Self-awareness training sessions were held virtually instead of face-to-face classes due to the spread of the coronavirus. The research tool was a life skills questionnaire. The statistical method was correlated with T method which according to sig score. Which was 0.029 and this number was less than 0.05; Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected and the hypothesis was rejected, thus the relationship with 95% probability is significant. By teaching self-awareness skills, a person gains an insight that can pave the way for him to learn other skills and overcome life challenges, and this issue was evident in the results of this study.