فصلنامه رسانه
سال سی و دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 123، تابستان 1400)

The aim of this research is to identify the Causes of the Decrease in the Number of Press Issues in Iran from the view point of Journalism and Communications Professors and Lecturers of Tehran Universities and it is done by qualitative method based on in-depth interview. Statistical society of this research includes twelve university professors and lecturers having work experience or management of press issues. Methodology is to prepare a list of Tehran Universities having journalism and/or communications group and the next stage is to prepare a list of aim group professors and lecturers and following a survey of the same departments, professors and lecturers, the most experienced were selected in the field of object of research. In the next stage, these persons were interviewed in-depth and interviews were recorded and implemented and prominent terms were extracted from any interview. In the next stage, terms were categorized in a group of entries and the entries were organized in a 6-part group and according to this method we analyzed the results. Results showed that effective causes of decreasing the number of press issues in Iran are 6-part group of cultural, political, economic, legal, technological and organizational factors. Among these groups technological causes are spreading virtual spaces, internet and overspreading using mobile phone and economic causes are being the paper less and expensive that shall be the most important factors announced by the interviewers.

The expansion of social media besides opportunities such as simplification of the communication process and rapid dissemination of information have significant threats. One of these important threats is the creation and distribution of fake news. Competitor governments, Opponents, and profiteers with knowledge of this Capacity by creating fake news acting to distort facts in cyberspace of target countries and mobilize people in the direction of their goals or confrontation with governments. This anti-truth of communities has caused a surge of harms and concerns around the world. The formation of these concerns opened up a new direction of research for timely identification and containment of fake news, and mitigation of its widespread impact on public opinion. In these conditions, news organizations besides the informing role, have the new duty of combating online harmful information and fake news. Therefore, this study was done with access to solutions for combat with fake news for news organizations. we presented solutions for combating fake news in five steps including preventive measures, monitoring, decision-making, reaction, and the recording of experience and knowledge. In order to answer the questions of the research, 6 comprehensive themes, 20 main organized themes, 11 sub-organized themes, and 91 basic themes were presented. The news organizations are able to rely on the results of this research by the design process and propose steps to combat fake news.

Today, the media is recognized as an integral part of social life. To better understand the dimensions of the media, its effects on various parts of human life, including the field of individual and collective thoughts and behavior, can be considered. So far, the diverse and widespread effects of the media have aroused the curiosity of many researchers; But what is clear is the lack of purposeful research on the set of these effects on human life and the promise of a new perspective in this field of research. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with the aim of discovering and understanding the categories related to the effects of media consumption and presenting a conceptual model of existing research in this field, in a certain period of time and by purposeful sampling of existing study documents. The research method has been selected to achieve the desired goal, synthesis research. The findings proceeded inductively to the acquisition of central categories using three-step coding. According to the results, the lesser research areas were identified and the categories obtained in the domestic field were identified as the evolution of individual-social identity, components of social capital, political action and cultural elements. In the external field, the final categories include the two dialectical titles of order and disorder and modeling the individual and social lifestyle. In addition, planning for proper media management is essential.

as one of the most effective and profitable industries of art - media in recent years, the music industry has played a special role in the media market. therefore, we cannot be indifferent to its activities and challenges at the policy level.this study seeks to identify policy issues in the islamic republic of iran and explain the network of policy actors and analyse the relations between them . in this study , a deep and semi - structured interview has been conducted with 13 experts in the music industry including industry campaigners , managers , journalists and university professors. the data has been analyzed by actor - network theory . according to the research findings , the industry policy network is facing economic , cultural , supervisory , religious , educational , cultural , legal and administrative issues that remain because of the lack of coordinated policy of policy .in the music industry policy network , there are private and governmental actors that lack of core actor has caused this network to be unable to develop policies and implement them . also according to perceived complexities , this network has insufficient strength for policy making and challenges of music industry . therefore , some suggestions have been proposed to design a robust network in music industry policy making .

Figures and statistics show that increasing the age of marriage has led to an increase in the number of single girls. Over the years, various media outlets have covered this important issue, however, the problems of these women and their interactions with the dominant structure of society has never been addressed. The movie “Number 17 Soheila” is the first work in Iranian cinema that has addressed this issue using a visual medium.The current article is based on co-cultural theory and is trying to grasp the consequences of not having a timely marriage via qualitative content analysis of this cinematic work. It will study the special strategies that this part of the society as a co-cultural group would employ to interact and communicate with the dominant group, which are in a higher position in terms of identity hierarchy. Findings of this study shows that not having a timely marriage can lead to decline of beauty and youth, low self-confidence, loneliness and depression, sensitivity and irritability, other people's reproach, childbearing issues, unfulfilled sexual and emotional needs, replacing marriage with questionable relationships, and eventually even more difficulty in getting married.Also, the image presented in this movie shows a co-cultural communication strategy that seeks to replicate and adapt to the dominant group.

We often use an illustration medium called media to perceive our environment in which the reality is pre-encoded in its content; the encoding, which leads to various decoding in the process of understanding and ideology induction. The popular television media plays an important role in teaching moral and educational concepts, entertainment, production and ideological orientation and modeling in society. TV programs, especially Iranian serials, are not only a reflection of the present social conditions in a society, but also act as discourses ideological model for members of society. This study, by using descriptive-analytical method and John Fisk’s theory of semiotics and with the aim of a semiotic description of various social and ideological codes in the relationships of comedy serial “Noon– Khe “ is going to answer this question that how the explicit and hidden layers of discourse meanings in this serial are encoded and how are their ideological function. The results showed that this serial, as a text, has recreated special meanings in the form of dominant discourses of originality, collectivism, homosexuality, naturalism, self-sacrifice and democratic humanism, and through a set of symbols, actions, situations, dialogues and behavioral patterns.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of computer games in disrupting social security and order by promoting drug addiction and committing drug crimes.The statistical population in the qualitative part of the research, which was based on data theory,consisted of 16 experts, including professional gamers (players), deputy police anti-narcotics police,as well as deputies of the anti-computer game headquarters. In the quantitative part, 73 addicts under treatment aged 23-23 years, who experienced the presence in the computer game field and were fully acquainted with the subject of the research, were selected using the available sampling method to become a member of the statistical sample of the research. Were. To calculate the reliability of the qualitative section questionnaire,the reliability method was used between the two coders with the final result (79%) and to calculate the reliability of the quantitative section, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient with the final result (0.801) was used.MAXQDA and SPSS software were used in qualitative and quantitative sections and descriptive and inferential analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaires,respectively. Findings showed that computer game approaches to drug addiction and crime tendency are: 1-Promotional-advertising approach, 2- Monetization and exponential approach,3- Educational-educational approach, 4-Normalization approach. The results showed that all identified approaches were involved in the tendency to addiction and committing drug crimes among the players of computer games