فصلنامه نقش جهان - مطالعات نظری و فناوری های نوین معماری و شهرسازی
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 35، پاییز 1400)

Thermal comfort is one of the main factors for the participation of people in open urban spaces. This article focuses on the planting system in Jahan Nama Garden in Shiraz. The paper seeks to achieve the goal of reaching thermal comfort, increasing the people participation and optimization the outdoor thermal comfort in Jahan Nama garden.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of qualitative methodology. It used quantitative measurement in which the Jahan Nama garden has been simulated with ENVI-met 4. By selecting eight points in Jahan Nama Garden of Shiraz, climatic variables have been analyzed at 9, 12 and 17 ochr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))clock on the 1st of July as the hottest day of the year. By comparing these points with the thermal comfort index PET they are analyzed.

Checking the plant simulation models (trees type and canopy and their number) in their place have improved the open space thermal comfort conditions, and by passing through the garden space, the environmental conditions return to the previous state and the average rate of radiant temperature has the greatest effect on thermal comfort, which will be presented in form of bar and line diagrams.

In planting system, increasing the number of trees has a greater effect on the thermal comfort in garden space. It is to boost the participation rate and the reduction of thermal stress in the hot seasons. The height and the form trees have direct effect on the thermal comfort.

Wind Catchers, as a traditional method of cooling, are compatible with the environment, on the one hand, and reduce energy consumption which is a major global challenge, on the other hand. This study evaluates the thermal and ventilation performance inside different floors of a four-story residential building by using three one-sided, two-sided, four-sided wind catcher models in hot and dry weather in open window mode.

The analysis by computer modeling or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the cooling potential and flow rate during the summer solstice

The results show that one-sided wind catchers are not efficient due to the low average inlet air and the negative airflow in the central shaft. Two-sided wind catchers have a positive airflow rate in the warm months, but a four-story building, cannot have the amount of air needed for ventilation on the first and second floors. Among three samples, the simulated four-sided Wind Catchers model has higher refrigeration power and optimal efficiency because it can provide airflow with appropriate speed and volume for the first to fourth floors

Among the three wind catcher modeled in software, it has been determined that only the four-way model can have the necessary efficiency to perform ventilation in different floors. designers can design an optimized design and a building that is more compatible with natural ventilation to provide comfort for residents, according to some special points for the use of wind catchers.

Based on the thermal adaptation concept, an individual adaptation at physiological, psychological, and behavioral levels can be effective in providing residential thermal comfort, consuming energy, and designing building. The present study was, therefore, aimed to investigate the thermal adaptation in residential apartments of Shiraz, Iran by determining thermal comfort range, priority of thermal behavior, and causes of thermal dissatisfaction of the residents.

The quantitative research method was performed by using the survey of thermal comfort, behavioral priority, and thermal dissatisfaction factors. The correlation between the variables was then, analyzed. Thermal adaptation was further investigated through analytical and inferential methods.

While thermal comfort range was found to be higher than the international standards, 45% of the respondentchr('39')s dissatisfaction was reported to be due to the lack of proper climatic design. Both clothes change and cooling system use as the first, and opening the windows as the second priorities of thermal behavior in hot season. Drawing curtains, closing doors and windows, and clothes change, however, were the respective priorities in winter, which vindicates the priority of using passive approaches in cold season. The effect of season on both behavior and reactive behavior were further investigated.

The higher thermal comfort range and neutral temperature found in comparison to those reported in standards, as well as the study of either reactive or interactive behaviors and seasonal habits of residents vindicated the individualschr('39') thermal adaptation. Using aforementioned items in building design has significant effects on improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption.

 One of the main challenges of Iranian architecture in its last four decades are confusions in its visual identity and the lack of dynamics in the facades of its buildings. The use of new materials along with the use of cultural values and the rich architectural identity of Iran can have a significant impact on the dynamics of urban Facades. The main purpose of this study is to explain the position of new materials in urban and architectural facades of Iran Architecture and to prioritize solutions of the use of new materials to enhance the dynamics of facades in contemporary buildings.

 This research Consists of a combination of descriptive-analytical and survey methodology. and by the use of a SWOT analysis the Internal and external factors affecting the use of new materials have been analyzed and finally the data obtained in the form of questionnaire questions have been provided to the statistical community.

 Findings indicate that the majority of experts pay attention to the aesthetic and static aspects of materials in the aspect of dynamics of the facade and less attention is paid to the efficient ecological components.

 in this study the use of new materials in Iranian Contemporary architecture and its role in the development of trends and Morphological metamorphosis has been reviewed and indicates that itchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s possible to improve the dynamics of building facades by using efficient components as well as improving the quality of aesthetic and statical aspects of materials.

Inefficient outdoor airflow of residential complexes is one of the most important issues that has greatly reduced thermal comfort and, consequently, the tendency to be present in these spaces. The present study aims to investigate the effect of the arrangement of blocks in a residential complex in Tehran on the outdoor wind flow and received natural light by the buildings.

The research method is descriptive-analytical with the application of Design builder 6.1.2.009 and CFD (Ansys Airpak 16.0.3) software, respectively, to simulate and investigate the effect of changing the arrangement of residential blocks on wind flow pattern and airflow potential. It is used around the buildings and the amount of natural light received by the building.

The analysis of the simulations indicated that the modification of distance and arrangement along the X axis (in the best case caused) caused a %7.10 increase in wind speed, and a %2.35 increase in the amount of daylight received by buildings compared to the base model. Moving the blocks along Y axis, in the optimal state caused a %3.55 increase in wind speed and %2.48 increase in the amount of received natural light compared to the base model.

The results of the study indicated that uniaxial displacement of blocks may have positive or negative effects on outdoor airflow, while combined displacement patterns decrease air velocity. Uniaxial and hybrid displacement increases received daylight in comparison to the base mode.

Building information modeling (BIM) is a process based on three-dimensional model that has provided tools to change the educational and professional approach. The purpose of this study is to test an active and constructive educational structure with a focus on the BIM approach and the application of this method in promoting the performance and creativity of architecture students in building technology courses.

The research test was performed by quasi-experimental method with experimental and control groups using pretest and posttest. Pre-test was performed by Torrance creativity test and two design tasks and Mann-Whitney U test was used for post-test.

The findings of the analysis of pre-test results did not show a significant difference between the two groups. But by conducting a post-test, the experimental group in the indicators of concept technicality, coordination of executive issues, site technical plan, quantity and quality of phase two plans, executive details, presentation of design and overall score had a significant advantage over the control group.

The results show that the use of the proposed educational method was effective in improving the overall performance of students in the experimental group and had a significant advantage over the performance of the control group. Regarding the promotion of students creativity, no significant difference and superiority was observed between the two groups, but the average ranks of students in the experimental group were significantly better than the control group. Therefore, the research results confirm the increase in students learning using this educational approach.

The theory of the transcendence city has been presented with the aim of the quality of life of the citizens, the city and sustainable development. The question is how the city and the citizen can excel in an interactive relationship. The purpose of this study is to explain the components of the transcendence city in three dimensions of environmental, economic and socio-cultural sustainability from the perspective of the Holy Quran. 

The research method used in this research is combination of qualitative research and content analysis, based on the strategic planning approach to the interaction of the city and the citizens. The conceptual framework depends on the Transcendence City theory, with an interpretive approach. The content of the Holy Quran is coded in valid interpretation of Al-Mizan. Then, the selected texts were classified and categorized by ATLAS.ti software.

Totally, 315 codes were extracted from the propositions related to the research topic, which were classified into 53 components and 18 categories. Finally, in three dimensions of worldview, orientation, actions and behavior; the final model resulted in three dimensions of environmental, economic and social - cultural sustainability. 

Conclusion of the research emphasizes on the three basic dimensions such as the divine worldview of citizens, the tendency towards perfection in human beings, and the actions and behavior of citizens within the framework of divine laws in order to reach the sustainable utopia. In the theoretical model described, citizens have a key role to play in creating a sustainable city