نشریه اسلام و پژوهش های روان شناختی
سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، بهار و تابستان 1399)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of life skills training on social and mental damage of first grade high school students in Qom in the academic year of 1395 - 1396. The research was quasi-experimental and pre-test and post-test design with two groups of control and experiment with random arrangement of peer subjects. The statistical population of the present study was 7791 male and female students of Qom. 100 individuals were selected as the sample. A simple random sampling method was used. The method of collecting library and field information and data collection tools was a researcher-made questionnaire on attitude of violence and cigarette addiction and stress and excitement assessment whose reliability was The Cronbach’s alpha method was 0.78 and was carried out in the pre-test and post-test in the experimental and control groups. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and analyzed by independent covariance and t-test. Findings show that life skills training with 99% confidence has been effective in reducing violence, addiction, stress, and excitement among high school students and decreasing the amount of each of these components in the experimental group. Life skills training are effective in reducing the social and mental damage of students and conducting life skills training by school counseling is required.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family function and children’s self-concept with regard to parents’ religious attitude. The method of this study was descriptive-correlational and regression equations were used to investigate the moderating model. The statistical population includes all male and female students of fourth, fifth and sixth grades of Yazd city and their parents who are educated in public and non-public schools. The statistical population of the study was 37000 people. Using Morgan table, 380 people were selected by stratified random sampling. To measure the variables, the Family Functioning Assessment (FAD) scale, the Pierce and Harris Child Self-Concept Scale (CSCS), and the Religious Attitude Questionnaire (RS) were used to collect data. Correlation analysis and regression were used to analyze the results. The results showed that parents ‘religious attitude had a moderating role on the relationship between family function and children’s self-concept and the interaction effect of family function with parents’ religious attitude on children’s self-concept was significant. Also, the sum of family performance variables, parents’ religious attitudes and their interactive effects predict 30% of children’s self-concept changes. The results also indicated that the correlation matrix and simple and paired variables were significant and each of the variables of family functioning and parents’ religious attitude alone could significantly predict children’s self-concept. In general, the results of the present study imply the role of family functioning and parents’ religious attitudes on the quality of children’s self-concept and reinforce (positive moderate) the family’s religious attitude toward enhancing children’s self-concept.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and attachment to God with emotional divorce. The research design was descriptive and correlational. For this purpose, 238 married male and female students in Qom in the academic year 1399-1399 were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaires of emotional divorce, attachment to God and personality traits. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression tests. Findings showed that there is a relationship between extraversion and agreeable personality traits, emotional distress and openness with emotional divorce. Also, the relationship between all components of the style of attachment to God with emotional divorce was negative and significant. The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that personality traits of extroversion and agreeing negatively and personality traits of being conscientious and psychologically positively predict a total of 12% of the variance of emotional divorce. Also, the component of positive view of God and seeking the components of attachment to God also explain a total of 15% of the variance of emotional divorce. These findings show the important role of personality traits and attachment to God in predicting emotional divorce between couples.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Islamic optimism and heresy with Islamic marital satisfaction and its prediction.The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study was all married high level religious in Mahdieh town of Qom, from which 184 people were selected by available sampling method as the sample size and Participants answered three questionnaires: Islamic optimism (Nouri, 1388) and Akhrat Negri (Ebrahimi,1390) and Islamic marital satisfaction (Jadiri, 1395). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and regression test. Findings showed that the variables of marital satisfaction had a significant correlation with the variables of heresy and optimism. Also, the results of regression analysis test showed that heterogeneity and optimism variables can predict marital satisfaction in the sample.
Of course, the degree of predictability of the hereafter is more than optimism.
Which shows that heresy can significantly predict marital satisfaction in the sample, but optimism can not significantly predict marital satisfaction.

The present study aims at investigating the relationship of religious orientation and attachment styles with defense mechanisms among seminary students in level two in Qom seminary. 174 subjects were selected through sampling. To do the research, three questionnaires were used: Allport and Ross religious orientation scale (21 items), Hazan and Shaver’s attachment style questionnaire (15 items), and defense mechanism scale by Andrews et al (40 items). The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression as well as SPSS software. The obtained results showed a meaningful positive relation between religious orientation and defense mechanisms. Besides, they showed a meaningful positive relation between attachment styles and defense mechanisms. Investigation of independent variables of the study (religious orientation and attachment styles) also showed a meaningful positive relation between them. The data analysis showed a meaningful positive relation between external religious orientation and non-grown defense mechanisms. It showed that there is also a meaningful positive relation between avoidance attachment style and non-grown defense mechanisms. It also showed a meaningful relation between ambivalent attachment style and non-grown mechanisms on the one-hand and neurotic defense mechanism on the other hand. Besides, it showed that there is a meaningful positive relation between safe attachment style and external religious orientation as there is a meaningful relation between ambivalent attachment style and external religious orientation.

In the present era, with the increase of positive psychological movements, many requests have been accepted to identify the factors and strategies to increase happiness and mental health. One of these is the study of the effect of religion on happiness.
Research in this field has had different methods and even results. The present study seeks to express the results and summarize a series of studies conducted in Iran on the impact of religiosity and religious orientation on happiness. In this article, first, using appropriate keywords and searching in Google browser and magiran and iranmedex sites, a significant number of researches were found, and after studying about 20 of them, finally 10 articles using similar questionnaires and statistical methods were chosen and their data was analyzed.* The findings showed that there is a positive correlation and a significant relationship between religiosity, religious attitude and orientation and happiness, and with increasing the level of religiosity, religious attitude and internal religious orientation, happiness increases.
As a result, one of the solutions to increase happiness is planning and compiling educational and cultural packages to strengthen religiosity, religious attitude and internal religious orientation.