Iranian Journal of Health Psychology
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Summer 2021

To investigate whether neuroticism and extraversion predicted job-related affective wellbeing of people working under stressful conditions, notably emergency room nurses. Also, to investigate whether perceived job stress mediated the relationship between neuroticism, extraversion and job-related affective well-being. A cross-sectional survey design was administered to 242 nurses working at an emergency room in Tehran, Iran, recruited through census sampling, including two sub-scales of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale, and the Job Stress Questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling was deployed for data analysis using SPSS Amos v22.0 and PROCESS macro for SPSS, setting significance threshold at p<.05. Direct and statistically significant effects of neuroticism (β = -.17, p<.005) and extraversion (β = .41, p<.001) on perceived job stress were found, as well as a negative effect of extraversion on job-related affective well-being (β = -.27, p<.001). Perceived job stress was found to negatively predict job-related affective well-being (β = -0.60, p<.001). There was no significant relationship between neuroticism and job-related affective well-being. The mediating effect of perceived job stress was supported (p<.001). Results have theoretical implications for research about the relationship between personality traits and job-related well-being of employees working under stressful conditions. As for practical implications, hospital managers might implement workplace interventions to enhance nurses’ job-related affective well-being and reduce nurses’ job stress. In this context, extraversion and job stress should be understood as psychosocial risk factors, whereas neuroticism should be conceived as a protective factor against job stress.

Following the pandemic of corona disease in Iran and around the world, the most important goal of health policies focused on compliance with prevention behaviors, and its evaluating. One of the most effective model based on social psychology is Health Belief Model that has been employed in many studies as different aspects of preventive behaviors.

The main purpose was study the relationship between compliance with preventive behaviors of corona disease with health belief model, and predicting the high level and low level of compliance with these behaviors based on health belief model variables.

The present study was a descriptive-correlational study in terms of its method. The statistical population consisted of all adults aged +20 who lived in Tehran. 472 voluntary subjects were selected through online recall method. The instruments of the study included the compliance with preventive behaviors of corona scale (CPBC), and the corona health belief model inventory (CHBM). Both measures were developed and standardized by the researchers. Data were analyzed by using regression analysis.

The Means of CPBC in all participants was 3.38 ± 0.83, thereupon two groups were formed accordingly, as high group (4.18±0.17) and low group (1.92±0/28). The findings show that high level of compliance could be predict by severity, benefits; and barriers; and low level of compliance by age, benefits, and barriers.

Since preventive behaviors were known as the best way to control of corona virus outbreak, there is a great value of identifying variables that might mitigate or exacerbate compliance could contribute greatly to the development of more effective health planning in Iranian society. Therefore, increase the benefits and reduce the barriers of prevention behaviors could be effective, and consequently, corona virus transmission could be decreased.

This study aimed to investigate the role of gender moderators in the effectiveness of the Iranian positive youth development package (IPYD) on the components of social-emotional health.

For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stage, 60 male and female adolescents aged 15-17 years studying in the academic year 2009-2010 were randomly selected in Isfahan. First, all members of the experimental and control groups completed the Zhou and Ee (2012) Emotional-Social Competency Questionnaire, and then the experimental groups were trained with a researcher-made package for 16 sessions of 45 minutes. In the meantime, the control group benefited from the daily training of the school. At the end of the sessions and 40 days later, all groups completed the questionnaire again.

Findings showed that the package of the positive development of Iranian adolescence in the short term has led to an increase in the dimensions of social and emotional health in self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management, and responsible decision-making in both genders, and in long term has caused an increase in all dimensions in girls (p<0.05).

It seems that the Iranian adolescent positive development package is a suitable package to strengthen the components of positive development, achieve emotional-social health, and reduce problems and issues in different areas of developmental periods and the subsequent costs for adolescents, their families, and society.Keywords: Development, Emotional health, gender, Positive psychology, Social health.

 Alzheimer's is a progressive and debilitating disease of the brain that causes serious damage to human thoughts and memory and is associated with psychological disorders such as insomnia and agitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-centered meditation on insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer’s patients.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. From the statistical population of patients with Alzheimer's disease in mild to moderate levels referred to clinics and Alzheimer's Association of Tehran province, 20 people were selected randomly based on inclusion criteria and assigned into experimental (n = 10) and control groups (n = 10). The research questionnaires were Morin's insomnia (1993) and Cohen-Mansfield's Agitation (1986). Meditation was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions of 90 minutes. The research data were analyzed using multivariate covariance.

The results of covariance analysis showed that post-test scores of insomnia and agitation of patients with Alzheimer's in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P≤0 / 005).

 Body-centered meditation can be used to improve insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer's patients.

Type 2 diabetes is conceptualized as a complex interaction of psycho-physiological factors, so it is necessary to consider the factors against this chronic disease. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotional regulation training and autogenic training on the perceived anxiety control in women with type 2 diabetes. Using a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design, 33 women with type 2 diabetes were selected through purposive sampling from Tehran and randomly assigned in two experimental groups and one control group. Members of each experimental group received emotional regulation training and autogenic training in ten 90-minute sessions, separately. All respondents were asked to answer the items of demographic information and the Percieved Anxiety Control Questionnaire (ACQ) before and after interventions. To analyze data, MANOVA and Schefee post hoctest were used as statistical methods. The results of analysis showed that both interventions were effective in increasing the perceived anxiety control (p <0.05), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p> 0.05). Explaining the effectiveness of the interventions, it can be said that both trainings have been able to increase the perceived anxiety control through special techniques, hence using them along with medical treatments is recommended.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of group therapy in cognitive-behavioral manner on anxiety, stress and despair of Multiple sclerosis patients in Tehran.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test with control group. Twenty patients referred to the available medical centers were selected as a sample and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. In this study, Kalmogorov-Smirnov, Levene and Covarians tests were evaluated with Spss software. also, Beck Anxiety Inventory Questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and Beck's Hopelessness Scale questionnaire were applied to collect data.

The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control group of anxiety, stress and despair with 95% confidence level. Therefore, all three main hypotheses were confirmed and the null hypothesis was rejected. In reducing anxiety, stress, and despair in MS patients, group therapy is effective in a cognitive-behavioral manner.

Cognitive-behavioral group therapy reduced stress, anxiety and despair in patients with MS and improved mental health of these patients. Therefore, this treatment method can be considered a treatment in clinics.