مجله علوم حرکتی و رفتاری
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 13، تابستان 1400)

Spastic cerebral hemiplegia is an example of physical disorders involving the upper and lower limbs of one side. When Combined together, mirror therapy and bilateral exercises can increase mental and visual imaging. This study aimed to examine The effects of six weeks of bilateral motor trainings with and without mirror on simple reaction time in affected hand of children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy(SHCP).

In this semi-practical study(IR.KUMS.REC.1398.493),16 children affected by spastic cerebral hemiplegia were divided into two experimental groups with one of them doing bilateral motor activities with the mirror and the other one doing the same exercises without the mirror. Both groups practiced motor activities in addition to typical rehabilitation programs according to their instructions. Simple reaction time of affected hand were measured in both groups using a multi-choice reaction time machine made by Lafayette company( model 63035).

Results showed a significant improvement in simple reaction time score of the affected hand in both groups after six weeks of intervention(p < 0/05). Additionally, inter-group assessments have implicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups(p>0/05).

Due to the lack of significant differences between the two experimental groups, bilateral motor trainings with and without mirror were effective on simple reaction time in affected hand of children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy, which might be attributable to the mechanism of mirror neurons. Keywords: mirror therapy, bimanual motor training, hemiplegic cerebral palsy, reaction time

The purpose of this study is to develop a strategic marketing plan for the North Khorasan Football Board. The present study was a field study that was conducted by descriptive-analytical method and in the field.

The statistical population of the study included: all employees, veterans related to the football board and managers of football boards in North Khorasan province. The statistical sample was selected as the total number of the statistical population and finally, out of 50 submitted questionnaires, 50 questionnaires were received. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed. For compilation of ten experts and professors of sports management and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method (0.82). Strategies were extracted from SWOT analysis and Friedman ranking test was used to rank strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

Findings indicate that the marketing mix in the North Khorasan Province Football Board is strategically located in the defensive zone in terms of internal and external matrix.

In North Khorasan Province, the football board must be strengthened, dissolved, or merged into another organization by restructuring and re-evaluating.

Nonspecific low back pain is one of the most common types of low back pain. The majority of people in the community suffer from this complication at least once in their lifetime. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence, severity and disability caused by nonspecific low back pain in elite katareka(kata) men and women in Iran.

For this purpose, 94 elite katareka(kata) in Iran (mean ± SD; 23.31±4.74 years, height 167.39±6.70 cm and weight 65.13±9.37 kg) participated in the present study. To measure pain intensity, disability rate and pain measurement, online questionnaires of Quebec pain intensity, oswestry disability rate were used, respectively. Chi-square test were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the prevalence of nonspecific low back pain among elite male and female katareka(kata) in Iran (ƛ2 = 14.11, p = 0.001). While there was a significant difference in the severity of nonspecific low back pain (ƛ2 = 0.53, p = 0.46) and disability due to nonspecific low back pain (ƛ2 = 2/66, p = 0/26) There is no elite male and female catharsis in the country.

According to the results of the present study, nonspecific back pain is more common in men. In this regard, it is suggested that the identification of high-risk techniques as well as the modification of relevant techniques in the group be done with more emphasis.

The purpose of this study was to compare the self-description of physical characteristics of athletic and non-athlete male students by self-concept and self-concept of physical fitness.

For this purpose, we selected 100 male high school students in the city of Chamestan from 12-15 years old using random sampling. After weighing the weight, height, body mass index, subjects were divided into four groups: athlete-obese (group 1), non-athlete obese (group 2), athlete non-obese (group 3) and non-athlete non-obese (group 4). All four groups completed PSDQ self-descriptive questionnaire they made the questionnaire was divided into two levels of physical self-concept and physical appearance self-concept, each separately measured. For analysis and comparison, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze and compare.

The results showed that non-athlete athlete students had better physical fitness and apparent ability than non-athletic athletes, non-athlete, non-athlete, and this difference was statistically significant. In addition, the results showed that self-concept of body fitness and body appearance of non-athletic and non-athletic subjects were not significantly different, and the difference between them was not statistically significant. In addition, non-athletic, non-obese, non-athlete with obesity, in terms of self-concept, had better physical fitness and self-concept, but also statistically significant.

Physical activity and exercise can have a significant positive effect on physical self-description (physical appearance, body fitness self-concept) of male students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between internal and external motivations on the effectiveness and knowledge sharing of the staff of Shirvan Education Department. This descriptive study was conducted analytically-survey. The statistical population included all employees of Shirvan Education Department to 127 people and according to Morgan table 97 people were considered as a statistical sample. To collect the research findings, three standard questionnaires of internal and external motivation Lane (2007), Dixon knowledge sharing questionnaire and researcher-made effectiveness questionnaire of Ranjbar (2009) were used. In order to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha, the alpha coefficients were 0.88, 0.92 and 0.94, respectively. Analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the descriptive statistics section, statistical characteristics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used and in the inferential statistics section, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the components of internal and external motivation with knowledge sharing and effectiveness. It can be concluded that by involving members in determining the future direction of their work unit, they can make them perform better and by valuing their work in the organization, cause job diversity and create a sense of membership in them and motivate employees. Provide.

One of the most widespread underlying approaches is ecological theory. This view emphasizes a wide range of situations and situations that a person may face. These characteristics are influenced and changed by the environmental context of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of linear and nonlinear training on the performance of selected basic motor skills.

For this purpose, 30 female students with an age range of 7 to 9 years were selected using the available sampling method. Then, the shoulder throwing test and the kick were performed and the participants were randomly divided into 3 groups: linear training, nonlinear training and control. According to the program, the intervention groups performed the program for 6 weeks and two 60-minute sessions each week. The control group was not active. After the last training session, a post-test was performed and the results were recorded.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the remaining mean scores of kicking and throwing over the shoulders of the subjects in terms of group membership (experimental and control groups) (P <0.05). The results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the linear and nonlinear training groups performed better than the control group in the studied skills, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P <0.05).

According to the results, linear and non-linear training can be used to improve performance in students' basic motor skills.

To determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, generalized anxiety disorder, social skills and self-control.

The present applied research was conducted by descriptive correlation method with regression approach. Data were collected using 4 standard questionnaires of Shearing Emotional Intelligence, Sputters' Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Inerbitzen & Forrester Social Skills, and Tangier Self-Control. The questionnaires have appropriate validity due to their use in previous studies and the reliability of each questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient is equal to (0.778), (0.853), (0.768), and (773), respectively was measured, which indicates the appropriate reliability of data measurement tools. Sampling of the statistical population Among the students of the Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, 120 people were selected as a sample and non-random sampling method and 130 questionnaires were distributed among the statistical population, which finally completed and returned 129 questionnaires.

The results in two stages of stepwise regression analysis showed simultaneous correlation of variables to emotional. In the first step, the level of self-control was able to predict about 37.3% of changes in emotional intelligence and in the second step, the variable of generalized anxiety disorder was able to explain about 44.2% of changes in emotional intelligence.

The emotional intelligence is significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder and self-control, but there is no correlation between emotional intelligence and social skills from the perspective of students of the Faculty of Humanities of Islamic Azad University north of branch in Tehran.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between comprehensive quality management and its components with organizational productivity in Khorasan Razavi province.

The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and applied which was done by whole number sampling method. The statistical population of the study is 129 employees, heads and managers of sports boards in Khorasan Razavi province; in this study, three questionnaires including personal characteristics questionnaire, total quality management questionnaire (Rahimi and Keshtiar, 2017) and scale Productivity was used in the organization (Rahimi and Keshtiar, 2017). Also, the reliability of the comprehensive quality management questionnaire was equal to 0.88 Cronbach's alpha and the organizational productivity questionnaire was equal to 0.88 Cronbach's alpha, which was confirmed.

The findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between total quality management and the components of support and leadership of the top management of the organization, strategic planning and identification and training of employees with productivity. In this regard, it was found that there was no significant relationship between the components of service and customer orientation, employee empowerment and participation, measurement and analysis of quality, quality insurance and the consequences of quality improvement with productivity.

According to the results of the research, by using proper quality management and its components, organizational productivity and human resources can be improved and cause effectiveness and efficiency, followed by significant productivity of more people in the organization.

Hormonal changes of puberty undoubtedly significantly affect physiological responses to sports activity and physical function of young people. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of puberty in female athletes and non-athletes aged 9 to 12 years in Ahvaz.

For this purpose, 80 girls working in the field of gymnastics, 125 people in the field of swimming as athletes and 50 people without sports background using the available and targeted sampling method as a sample participated in this study. To assess the maturity of the participants, fasting blood samples of LH and FSH hormones were examined in the laboratory. Also, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used to evaluate the data using SPSS software version 22 at the significance level of 0.05.

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the levels of FSH (F = 0.640 and P = 0.726) and LH (F = 0.640 and P = 0.726) in female athletes and non-athletes.

According to the findings of the study in terms of hormonal indicators of puberty, gymnastics and swimming do not cause precedence or delay in puberty and some untimely changes in puberty may be due to socioeconomic status, nutrition and family conditions.

The effects of advertising and promotional media include a special communication task that is realized with a specific target audience, during a certain period of time and when introducing a new series of products, from advertising with informative and informative effect and advertising with persuasive effect, With the intensification of competition between competing companies and advertising with a reminder effect for well-known products are important.The purpose of this study was to rank the effect of advertising media on the Shahr Khodro Football Club's fans. The present research is applied in terms of nature and purpose, and in terms of descriptive method and in terms of the type of data search, it is a little that was done in a field method and the required data were collected through a questionnaire. As an example, 500 fans answered the researcher-made 20-item questionnaire about the effect of advertising media on the fans completely voluntarily and randomly. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics and SPSS software version 21 were used. Findings The study showed that the use of mobile advertising media and social networks has the greatest impact on fans. According to the results of the research, it can be said that Shahr Khodro Football Club can communicate effectively with its fans by using the effectiveness of each of the advertising media.