نشریه توسعه پایدار شهری
پیاپی 3 (تابستان 1400)

Achieving a healthy urban environment is one of the goals of sustainable urban development. Urban environmental health is influenced by the condition and spatial structure. In addition, the human factor as the social environment issue plays a significant role in creating and changing the urban environmental health. Therefore, to promote urban environmental health, relationship analysis between manmade and social environments is necessary. The present study investigates the relationship between the urban spatial structures of Tehran municipality, district 1, and citizen participation in promoting the environmental health of neighborhoods. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the main variables are social, economic and physical-structural conditions and citizenship participation. The data was collected by using a questionnaire and statistical documents. For data analyzing SPSS and GIS software were applied. The results show a correlation between urban healthy spatial structures and citizenship participation to enhance urban environmental health. Moreover, the patterns of healthy environment conform to citizen participation patterns in promoting urban environmental health.

The revival of local identity and social belongings have always been emphasized by researchers and urban experts in order to promote the quality of citizen’s life. Investigating and recognizing the effective factors on local identity sense can be used to solve the problem of cities identity crisis and their neighborhoods. Citizens of metropolitan cities are not accustomed to the atmosphere of their neighborhood, and in their mental image, the neighborhood is part of the city. Nowadays, neighborhood has lost its traditional features and caused a feeling of indifference and wondering on their residents. The main effort in this research is identifying and prioritizing factors affecting identity in urban neighborhoods. The research method is descriptive-analytic and data collection is done in library and field study. Data analysis using the Cochran statistical test and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) model was conducted. The results show that the most effective factor in identifying the neighborhoods of Jiroft was the Sense of belonging with weight 0.301, and the lowest factor was the participation rate in neighborhood-related decisions with weight 0.175.

In this paper, a model is presented to estimate greenhouse gases emission in Iran. At first, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKS) hypothesis was tested. This hypothesis suggests an inversed U-shaped relation between environment deterioration and economic growth. Therefore, considering total greenhouse gases emission as environment deterioration index, its relation with per capita GDP is examined. Other affecting variables such as arable lands percentage, fossil fuels consumption percentage, electricity consumption per capita, energy use per capita, population growth, urban population percentage, and merchandise trade as percent of GDP also were considered. Parameters then were estimated using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. Based on the results, EKC hypothesis was approved and significant difference were observed between and affection of electricity consumption, population growth, urban population percentage, and merchandise trade as percent of GDP.

The hierarchy of climatic design in a region has an important role in the condition of environmental comfort. In contemporary times, climatic design is a logical response to the crisis of the shortage in energy resources and increasing environmental pollutions, which are caused by using fossil fuel. This issue is crucial in the areas with specific climate. Attention to the main goals of climatic design in each region and predicting some items in order to realize the goals, leads to compatibility and harmony between buildings and climate, and it leads to reduce energy consumption. The mentioned issue has background of several thousand years, especially in Iran. Hot and dry regions of Iran has harsh climate since attention to environment is important to achieve thermal comfort and compatibility of climate and architecture. By considering the strategies of the climatic design, this research evaluating the optimal form of roof to use natural ventilation in Esfahan. There is limited airflow around the body of compact buildings, therefore the roof have fundamental role in ventilation. In this research three different types of roofs including curved, sloped and flat roof are simulated, and their ability in optimization of natural ventilation is investigated. The research methodology is descriptive analysis and the data is collected from meteorological station and documentary resources. Moreover, “Flow Design Autodesk” was applied as a software for the computer simulation.

Present study is conducted by the aim of Spatial Analysis of the Enjoyment Degree for the townships of Esfahan province based on ICT Indices. Based on the purpose, the research is applied-developmental research, and based on the method it is descriptive, quantitative and analytical. 23 townships of Esfahan Province include statistical society of the research. The data were extracted from the Statistical Yearbook and the results of the General Population and Housing Census in 2011. Among variables of ICT, 20 indices were extracted, and by applying quantitative models of TOPSIS as a multi-criteria decision making method, the dispersion coefficient and etc. the differences and inequalities of townships in terms of ICT indices were ranked and determined. After that, based on the grade of TOPSIS results, the townships of the province were assorted in five categories (highly enjoyed, enjoyed, semi-enjoyed, deprived, and highly deprived). Moreover, leveling and ranking of mentioned indices are identified. The results show that there is not equality among townships of Esfahan province in terms of enjoyment of ICT indices and there is a significant difference in the degree of enjoyment. Among 23 townships, except Esfahan, which is in highly enjoyed level, 30.43% are at the enjoyed level, 34.78% are at the semi-enjoyed level, 13.04% are at the deprived level and 17.39% are at the very deprived level. Finally, ranked based on the status of townships for reducing spatial inequality and creating regional balance in ICT development, these townships were prioritized.

The growing trend of aging populations in Iran associated with physical and mental disorders strengthen the necessity of life quality determination of this stratum. The life quality of the elderly in urban areas is influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental and social conditions. Therefore, all areas of Tehran metropolitan do not have the same conditions for an elderly life. For this purpose, the study examined the status of Tehran metropolitan areas based on indicators of the elderly life. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the main variables are socio-cultural indicators, recreational index, health and transportation issues. Data analysis using Excel and GIS software has also been implemented for the TOPSIS model to rank 22 areas. The results of this research are presented in the ranking of 22 areas of Tehran in 5 spectra (perfectly suitable, appropriate, moderate, inappropriate, and completely inappropriate). The results of the Topsis technique show that Zone 2 ranked the first suitable area for the elderly life, and the 17th region has the last level among districts of Tehran. The results of this study showed that monitoring the situation of the elderly is noticeable, especially among elderly people who live in the east (regions 8 and 13) and south of Tehran (regions 10, 17 and 19).

Urban planning is always heading to optimize using of unused and abandoned lands in order to avoid unsustainability. Redevelopment and reusing of these lands are playing significant roles for urban development. Proper planning could enhance the deficiency and contribute to prepare the needed land uses of cities. The purpose of this study is to determine and evaluate the status of these spaces of Tehran, district 18. First of all, environmental, physical, social and economic consequences of abandoned land was studied. Based on infill development approach and strategic vision, the development process of these lands was explained in local communities. To characterize the abandoned areas, some criteria were identified as indicators for evaluating land use capacity. Out of total 57008 land plots in the region, 15 unified land plots (sand quarries, Shadabad Iron Market, three brick furnace, six abandoned warehouses and four abandoned factories) were determined as abandoned spaces. AHP analysis method was used to the redevelopment plan based on the indicators of sustainable and intelligent development and adapted GIS maps. The results show that the land 1 with 189.8364 hectare is the priority for using in redevelopment planning for Tehran, district 18.