مجله علوم باغبانی ایران
سال پنجاه و سوم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Cherry is one of the most important fruits in the world, with its good flavor, aroma and appearance. In order to compare the morphological, phenological and pomological characteristics of 10 selected sweet cherry genotypes with four commerical and domestic cultivars, a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was conducted in ​​two years of cultivation of 2016-2018. The results showed that there was a significant difference between cultivars and genotypes in terms of many traits. Among the investigated samples, the Msh-BT genotype, was the earliest flowering (27 March) and the earliest ripening (10 May) in comparison with other genotypes. Also, the Msh-BT genotype had the maximum height, width and volume of the crown and trunk diameter. The highest annual vegetative growth, number of spur and the percentage of twins were related to Msh-3-26 genotype. Msh-F-1 genotype produced the highest length, width and leaf area. In terms of pomological characteristics, the Msh-F1 genotype had the highest length, width, diameter and fruit weight, and the Msh-BT genotype had the least length and thickness of the fruit tail. In addition, Sweet ann genotype showed the highest stone weight, acidity and yield. In terms of flesh and skin colour, stone shape and fruit shape, there was a difference between the genotypes. According to dendrogram, genotypes were divided into three clusters. In general, Msh-BT and Msh-F1 genotypes are recommended in terms of precociousness and large fruit size, respectively and Sweet ann cultivar in terms of high yield compared to Siyah- Mashhad cultivar (control) in the conditions of Khorasan Razavi province.

Effect of Bacillus subtilis (0, 102, 105, 106, 108 cfu/ml) was studied on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) ecotypes Natanz and Zanjan during 2017-2019 via a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design in three replicates. Number of leaves per corm, average length of leaves, flowers, petals and sepals, stigma fresh and dry weights, fresh and dry flower yield, number of flowers per plot, total phenol and anthocyanin in petals and the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were measured. All morphophysiological were significantly affected due to B. subtilis treatment. The highest and the lowest fresh and dry weight of stigma was observed in 108 cfu/ml (41.44 mg and 7.13 mg) and no treated samples (32.91 mg and 6.14 mg), respectively. The maximum stigma fresh and dry weight was observed in Natanz ecotype. The highest amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was recorded in 108 cfu / ml (5.55 %, 2061ppm 66.75 and 7540.8 ppm, respectively) and the lowest in control (3.25 %, 1314.42 ppm and 4339.8 ppm, respectively). The highest amount of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed in Zanjan ecotype. According to the results, utilizing the B. bacteria in a proper concentration as a bio fertilizer can be considered beneficial towards optimal growth indices in saffron.

Today, increasing the growth and development of plants by using natural organic matter such as seaweed extract is pursued as a goal. In order to investigate effect of using seaweed extract on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out. The first factor was seaweed extract at three levels (0 (water as control), 10 and 20%) and the second factor was mothod of application at two levels (as spray and fertigation). Rooted cuttings were cultivated in the pots filled by sandy loam field soil. Treatment was performed seven times every two weeks after transferring the rooted cuttings to the main pot. The results showed that the effect of different levels of seaweed extract was positive on the most of traits such as total fresh weight, fresh weight of roots, number of leaves, stem length, number of branches, number of flowers and flower diameter, chlorophylls, carotenoids, leaf soluble carbohydrates and negative on the lipid peroxidation and ion leakage. Also, the effect of the spray application method was notable than fertigation on the vegetative and reproductive growth. Based on the results, it can be suggested that the use of seaweed extract at 10% through spray method can increase the vegetative and reproductive growth of chrysanthemums.

In order to investigate the effect of different light spectra on growth and photosynthetic properties of four cultivars (‘Red’, ‘Black Dragon’, ‘Velvet Red’ and ‘Improd’) of coleus, in six growth chambers equipped with normal greenhouse light (control), 100 % blue light, 15 % blue light+85 %red light, 30 % blue light+ 70 % red light, 15 % Blue light+65 % red light+20 % white light and 30 % blue light+50 % red light+20 % white light, a factorial experiment as a completely randomized design was done. After five weeks of exposure of plants to different lights, photosynthetic biophysical parameters and plant growth characteristics were investigated. The maximum quantum yield of PSII (FV/FM) and relative maximal variable fluorescence (Fm/F0), significantly increased in combined treatments of 30 % blue+70 % red (‘Red’), control (cultivars ‘Black Dragon’and ‘Velvet Red’) and a combination of 30 % blue+50 % red+20 % white (‘Improd’ cultivar) was obtained. The specific energy fluxes per reaction center for energy absorption (ABS/RC) significantly increased in ‘Improd’ cultivar with 100 %blue light, a combination of 15% blue+65% red+20 % white and control treatments. Since PIABS can be used as an indicator of PSII life, the results of the present study indicate that the control treatments (‘Velvet Red’), 30% blue+70 % red (‘Red’), 30 % blue+50 % red+20 % white (‘Black Dragon’ and ‘Improd’) were suitable treatments to support the natural function of photosynthesis.

In the arid and semiarid regions, water stress mainly affects the growth, yield and secondary metabolit production of oregano. In order to determine the effect water stress on growth, physiological and phytochemicals characteristic of American oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), a greenhouse study based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications was performed. The plants, were subjected to four water stress conditions, including no water stress (field moisture capacity), mild (75 % FMC), moderate (55 % FMC) and sever water stress (35 % FMC). The results showed that the plant height, dry matter yield, the ratio of inflorescence weight/stem, chlorophyll index and relative water content were reduced under water stress. The highest essential oil content (1.15 %) was observed under mild water stress. Also, mild water stress significantly decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Y(NO) and Fv) in compared with moderate and severe water stress. Analysis of the essential oil components demonstrated that in all treatements, sabinene, (Z)-β-ocimene, (E)-β-ocimene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D and γ-terpinene were the major components. The highest amount of γ-terpinene (16.79 %) and (E)-caryophyllene (9.92 %) were observed in mild water stress which increased by 344.1 % and 14.28 % compared with control, respectively. Based on the obtained results, mild water stress significantly ameliorate the quality and quantity of oregano.

In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost on the flower yield and its components in genotypes of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.), a factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications since 2018-2020 years in the Research Field of Golestan Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Experimental factors were included three levels of vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 ton ha-1) and four levels of Damask rose genotypes (Kashan, Semnan, Azerbaijan Garbi and Golestan). In this experiment, average plant height, number of flower per plant, flower diameter, fresh weight of flower per plant, dray weight of  flower per plant, yield of fresh flowers and yield of dry flowers were measured for each treatment. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the treatments combinations in terms of all the studied traits (P<0.01). The highest average plant height, maximum number of flowers per plant, highest flower diameter, highest fresh flower yield and dry flower yield were obtained in all genotypes in the maximum application of vermicompost (10 ton/ha). In terms of flower yield, Kashan genotype with fresh flower yield 2319.35 kg/ha and yield of dry flower with 651.22 kg/ha has the highest and Golestan genotype with fresh flower yield 1317.16 kg/ha and dry flower yield with 452.23 kg/ha had the lowest flower yield. Also signification correlation was observed between some of the quantitative traits in this experiment, yield of dry flowers per hectare direct and high relationship with the number of flowers per plant (r=0.95) and fresh flower yield (r = 0.96).

Acetate acts as one of the most important intermediates in cellular metabolism. To evaluate the role of acetate sources in salinity stress, strawberry transplants treated with different acetate sources including ammonium acetate and acetic acid (1 mM) and ammonium carbonate (0.5 mM) in two saline stress (40 mM NaCl) and no- stress conditions. Salinity stress reduced biomass in strawberry, but the least change in biomass was observed in acetate treatments. The highest leaf water content was observed in acetic acid and control treatments under salinity stress. Salinity caused a change in vitamin C content of the fruit, and the highest contents were observed in acetic acid treatment and the lowest salinity stress alone (86.33 and 42.50 mg/100 g FW, respectively). The highest yield per plant was in acetic acid treatment and the lowest in ammonium carbonate and salinity treatments alone. Potassium to sodium ratios was higher in plants treated different sources of acetate compared to other treatments without acetate application Overall, acetate, especially acetic acid treatment at 1 mM, can improve tolerance to salinity stress conditions in plants. On the other hand, the lower reduction of yield in salinity stress conditions is another positive feature of this treatment. Therefore, it can be considered as one of the cheapest and simplest compounds to increase stress tolerance, especially in salinity stress conditions in strawberries.

Drought stress is one of limitation factors in landscape expantion. In order to investigate response of four wild roses species (Rosa canina, R. beggeriana, R. orientalis & R. persica) to water deficit, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design with two factors Rosa species and water deficit at three levels (control (-0.03), -0.8 (moderate) & -1.5 (Severe) MPa). One year old plant obtained from mentioned rose sucker were subjected to water deficit treatment. Based on the results, leaf mass area (LMA) was different between species and water deficit had no effect on that. Water deficit caused decreased relative leaf water content (RWC), performance index (PI), chlorophyll content and increased electric leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in R. persica. In R. canina RWC, PI and free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH) decreased and EL and MDA increased. In R. beggeriana EL and DPPH increased and in other characteristics difference was invisible. In R. orientalis water deficit had no dramatic effect on traits. Based on the results R. orientalis and then R. beggeriana are more tolerable to drought stress.

Today, the existence of various biotic and abiotic stresses has necessitated research with different rootstocks in different climatic and soil conditions. So, the growth trend and some characteristics of Miyagawa Satsuma mandarin on Swingle citrumelo rootstock in alluvial and piedmont plain in East Mazandaran during 10 years were evaluated. The results showed that the trees on this rootstock were vigorous and had high yield (62 kg per tree). The affinity of scion and rootstock in both locations was 0.8. The tree canopy volume at the end of the experiment was 19.09 in alluvial and 11.62 m3 in piedmont plain. So it is recommended to increase the number of alluvial and piedmont plain trees to more than 600 and 800 plants/hectare, respectively. Despite several frost stresses during 10 years, the survival of rootstock and scion compound was 100 % in both locations, however, the piedmont trees entered the alternate bearing cycle as at the end of the experiment, the trees alternate bearing index was 0.23 % in alluvial and 0.67 % in piedmont plain. The best harvest time for both locations was early October. Fruits of the alluvial plain had more weight and extract (7.6 g and 5.8 %), smoother peel, and higher harvest index (1.64 units); In contrast, fruits of the piedmont was more oblate and had thicker peel (0.35 mm) and higher peel weight, sugar, total acid and vitamin C (8.7, 25, 62 and 28.6 %, respectively). In general, the trees in alluvial location had higher visual quality fruits and a more regular and stable annual yield.

Gerbera is one of the most famous cut flowers, considered as one of the top ten cuts in the floriculture industry. Nutrient recipe management is one of the key factors in greenhouse crops production The correct amount and ratio of nutrients with each other in nutrient solutions is influenced by some production and absorption conditions such as light intensity, ambient temperature and type of culture medium, among which the ratio of some high-consumption elements such as potassium and nitrogen is significant. In order to investigate the effect of different ratios of potassium to nitrogen on yield and some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of gerbera flower of Dune cultivar, a study in a completely randomized design with four treatments of potassium to nitrogen fertilizer ratio (1.25 to 1, 1.5 To 1, 1.75 to 1 and 2 to 1) were performed with three replications and five observations. Results showed that increasing the ratios of potassium to nitrogen improved growth and flowering and had a significant effect at the 1% level on the number of leaves, leaf fresh and dry weight, flower number, flower stem height, flower stem fresh weight, chlorophyll index and soluble sugars content. A significant effect at the 5% level also observed in flower vase life and petal anthocyanin. In general, with regarding the costs of greenhouse crops production and results of the present study, the application of 1.75:1 ratio of potassium to nitrogen in comparison with others ratios of potassium to nitrogen is recommendable and have more positive effects on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of gerbera cv. Dune.

In order to investigate the role of different pollen grains on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 'Clementine' mandarin (Citrus clementina), an experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete blocks design with six treatments and four replications. The 'Clementine' mandarin was subjected to the open-, self-, and cross-pollination with the pollen grains of sweet lemon (Citrus limetta), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), Lisbon lemon (Citrus limon) and sour orange (Citrus aurantium). The compatibility and incompatibility of pollinators were determined using controlled pollination methods and the microscopic analyses of pollen tube growth. The microscopic evaluations revealed that 'Clementine' mandarin is a self-incompatible cultivar but it is compatible with all studied species. The fruit set in the flowers that were pollinated with sweet lemon (73.75%), Lisbon lemon (71.25%), grapefruit (70%) and sour orange (70%) were not significantly different, while the self- and open- pollinated flowers produced a lower leve of fruit set. The highest viable seeds (13.2) were recorded in the fruits that were pollinated with sour orange, while the self-pollinated ones had no seed. In addition, the pollens of sour orange were the most successful for penetration to the basal portion of style and into ovary of ‘Clementine’ mandarin. Evaluation of genetic affinity among Citrus species revealed that sour orange is the most genetically similar species with 'Clementine' mandarin. Results of this investigation showed that the source of pollen grain substantially affect the fruit set as well as qualitative and quantitative attributes of 'Clementine' mandarin. By considering all of the fruit-related factors, the pollens of C. paradisi and C. limon are suggested as the best choice for improving qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 'Clementine' mandarin.

In order to investigate the effect of farmyard manure application on phytoremediation of blanket flower a split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications was carried out. The factor year was in main plots and lead factors at four levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg soil) and farmyard manure application at three levels (0, 25 and 50 g/kg soil) was in sub plots. Oxidative stress caused by increasing the concentration of lead in the soil reduced the chlorophyll content, which ultimately led to reduction of plant growth as well as plant biomass. With increasing of Pb concentration in soil, activities of catalase and peroxidase in leaves, first increased and then declined, while superoxide dismutase enzyme activity ascending up to highest level of Pb concentration. The application of farmyard manure by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes reduced the peroxidation of membrane lipids and hydrogen peroxide in the plant and thus reduced the intensity of stress in blanket flower. Application of farmyard manure increased the lead concentration in the roots and shoots of blanket flower, so that the the highest lead content of shoots and roots was founded in 50 g/kg of farmyard manure under 120 mg/kg of lead in rate of 0.72 and 1.96 mg/kg, respectively, and the highest leaf proline content was obtained in this treatment. So, it can be concluded that manure fertilizer play a promising role in increasing the Pb uptake and reducing its phytotoxicity on blanket flower.

This study was performed to evaluate the morphological diversity in 16 Plantago ovata ecotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replications using 22 morphological traits. In cluster analysis using standardized data, the distances between the ecotypes were estimated with the square Euclidean distance method and the dendrogram was plotted by Ward’s method. Factor analysis was performed by Verimax method. The mean squares of ecotypes were significant for all traits, except the amount and percentage of mucilage. The results of cluster analysis grouped the ecotypes into three clusters. The accuracy of the results of clustering was confirmed by discriminant function analysis. In factor analysis, five factors were extracted that explained 86.77% of the variance among traits. The most important effective traits in determining the variance were plant height, inflorescence tail length, spike length, harvest index and 1000-seed weight, which were in the first factor. Morphological diversity among the ecotypes was significant for most traits and PO12, PO15, and PO6 ecotypes were superior to the other ecotypes in terms of mean grain yield and mucilage content.

In order to investigate the effect of Hana extract and sodium nitroprusside on antioxidant properties and vase life of chrysanthemum, an experiment as factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. The first factor was Hana leaf extract at three levels (0, 100 and 200 ppm), the second factor was sodium nitroprusside at three levels (0, 0.5 and 1 mM) and the third factor was sampling time at three levels (1, 6 and 12 day). The results showed that with increasing sampling time, flower diameter, chlorophyll content, relative water content and relative fresh weight decreased and the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly. The extract of hana and sodium nitroprusside at high concentrations reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and improved chrysanthemum quality parameters, indicating their positive effects on the elimination of free radicals. The Hana extract treatment on sixth day of sampling time was the best treatment for improving the parameters of chrysanthemum flower. The Hana leaf extract and sodium nitroprusside treatments suppressed reduction of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll leaf content. The results of this study showed that hana extract and sodium nitroprusside had positive effect on vase life of chrysanthemum cut flower.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of integrated management of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and quality characteristics of potato (Solanum tubersom cv Savalan) in Behbahan Agriculture Research Stations from 2014 to 2016. This research was carried out in randomized complete block design including four treatments: lack of nitrogen fertilizer (control), plots that received 50% nitrogen from chemical fertilizer (as urea) plus 50% nitrogen from vermicompost (50%U+50%V), plots that received 75% nitrogen from chemical fertilizer plus 25% nitrogen from vermicompost (75% U+25%V), and plots that obtained 100% nitrogen from chemical fertilizer (100% urea) and three replications. The Results of growth analysis showed that the haulm and tuber growth rate increased during the early stages, while reached a maximum value, following decline in the late season. In the most sampling periods, the highest tuber and crop growth rate were recorded in 75% urea +25% vermicompost. Therefore the highest yield was observed in this treatment. Application of vermicompost significantly increased tuber number, total and marketable yield, nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in 75% urea +25% vermicompost and 50% urea +50% vermicompost as compared with 100% urea. The tuber nitrate content in   75% urea +25% vermicompost and 50% urea +50% vermicompost was significantly lower than 100% urea. According to results, the yield and qualitative characteristics of potato (Savalan cultivar) and farmers’ incomes can increase in Khuzestan province by supply of 75% required nitrogen fertilizer through urea and 25% nitrogen from vermicompost.

Identification and selection of superior genotypes in different regions of the country is a useful breeding method in walnut. This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity among some selected walnut genotypes using 19 quantitative and qualitative traits related to morphological and pomological characteristics based on the IPGRI description (with some modifications) on 28 walnut genotypes during years of 2018 and 2019 in Reseach Station of Department of Horticulture, Unversity of Tehran. The results showed that the highest kernel percentage (69.12 and 67.14) belonged to UTW10 and UTW09 genotypes, respectively. The UTW05 and UTW07 genotypes were the latest leafing date. The UTW09 and UTW05 genotypes had the highest kernel weights of 8.05 and 7.87 g, respectively. UTW22 and UTW05 genotypes with 14.48 and 13.93 g, respectively, had the highest nut weight. Based on cluster analysis, genotypes with desirable traits were grouped from other genotypes. Among the factors that play a role in separating the main clusters were nut dry weight, kernel weight, length, diameter and width of nut, kernel percentage, Kernel plumpness, Kernel fillness and Leaf Abscission of genotypes. The results of simple correlation analysis of traits showed a significant positive and negative correlation between some important traits. In general, UTW01, UTW04, UTW06, UTW07, UTW08, UTW20, and UTW22 genotypes were selected as superior genotypes due to closed-shell seal, light kernel color, ease of kernel removal from nuts, lateral bearing, and high kernel percentage.

Nowadays, many efforts are being in the worldwide to find alternative methods for controlling postharvest horticultural waste. In the present study, the effect of different concentrations of melatonin (000.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mM) on increasing the storage life of raspberries was investigated. After 5 min immersion, the fruits were maintained in a cold storage with a 4±1 °C 90-95%RH for 9 days. The results showed that the highest level of pH and TSS were observed in the control treatment on the ninth day and TA in the treatment of 0.001 mmol on the third days of storage with mean 3.64 and 0.62 mg citric acid/100 ml fruit Juice and 16.31 ̊brix, respectively. The highest levels of total phenol and flavonoids content were observed with 25.37 mg GAE/ 100 ml juice and 9.60 mg QE/ 100 ml juice on the third day storage, respectively. The results of data factor analysis also confirmed that the two factors PC1 (64%) and PC2 (14.8%) had the most role in the classification of treatments. In general, the results of this study showed that treatment with 0.001 mM melatonin, as a natural compound compatible with the environment and humans, in addition to the maintaining the nutritional values of the harvested raspberry it,s can increased storage life and reduced waste of fruits.

In order to investigate the effect of cycocel consumption on some morphological and physiological traits of azalea cultivar Japonica red, two separate experiments as a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications were conducted. For this purpose, cycocel with two methods of foliar spraying of plants with concentrations of zero (control), 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg / l and soaking the root area with concentrations of zero (control), 750, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg / l was used. The results showed that by foliar application, at a concentration of 4000 mg / l cycocel, the highest number of flowers (21.33), number of branches (13.4), total chlorophyll (34 μg/g FW) and anthocyanin (16.29 mg /g FW) was observed. In root soaking method, application of 2500 mg /l of cycocel increases the number of flowers (16.66), number of branches (8.7), total chlorophyll (49 μg/g FW) and anthocyanin (16.12 mg /g FW). The maximum time of flower opening of azalea was achieved in foliar application at 1000 mg /l cycocel in 182 days, while in the root soaking method at 2500 mg / l cycocel occurred in 210 days. Overall, in the foliar application method with a concentration of 4000 mg/l cycocel in comparison to the root soaking method, the optimal dwarfism index is more suitable to increase the marketability of azalea.

In order to maintain sensorial characteristics and to reduce the microbial load of pomegranate cv. Rabab-e-Neyriz arils, the combined effects of packaging with two types of polymer films, and different concentrations of cinnamaldehyde a three-factor factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor included polymeric films at two levels (biaxial oriented polypropylene (BOPP) and Polyethylene + Polyester (PE+PES)), the second factor was the concentrations of cinnamaldehyde at four levels (0, 100, 150, and 200 μL L-1) and the third factor was storage times at six levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 day). The best sensorial characteristics was recorded for the first day of storage and the desirability of aroma and tase decreased over time. Changes in sensorial characteristics and related qualitative parameters were more slowly in arils packaged with PE+PS containing 200 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde. The lowest number of mold and yeast was found in arils packaged with PE+PES film containing 200 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde on the first day of storage; however, it was not significantly different with PE+PES film containing 100 and 150 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde and BOPP film containing 100, 150, and 200 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde at the same time. Packaging with PE+PES film containing 200 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde extended the shelf life of pomegranate arils up to 25 days. Packaging with PE+PES film containing 200 μL L-1 cinnamaldehyde maintained the quality and sensory properties of arils with minimal microbial contamination during storage.

In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 ds/m) on growth characteristics and leaves sodium and chlorine content of eight pomegranate cultivars (Malas Saveh, Malas Esfahan, Rabab Qermez Shiraz, Gabry Yazd, Gabry Torosh Yazd, Zaq Sefid Yazd, Zaq Torsh Yazd and Malas Toq Peshva) was investigated. The experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized block designs with three replications. At the end of study, growth characteristics and leaves sodium and chlorine content were determined. With increasing salinity, plant height and diameter, branches number and leaf chlorophyll index were decreased, but the leave necrosis and chlorine and sodium concentration were increased. Shoots fresh and dry weight were increased slightly when salinity increased up to 3 dS/m and thereafter decreased.. The lowest leaf abscission was found in Zaqe Sefid Yazd and Gabry Yazd when treated with 6 and 12 dS/m. At 12 dS/m, the lowest leaf necrosis was found in Malas Esfahan, but at 6 dS/m, Zaq Sefid Yazd and Malas Esfahan showed the lowest decreasing percent respectively. At 9 and 12 dS/m Malas Saveh and Rabab Qermaz Shiraz showed the highest leave necrosis as compared to the control. In salinity of 6 and 12 dS/m, the Gabry Torosh Yazd and Malas Esfahan cultivars showed the lowest decreasing in chlorophyll leaf index respectively. The lowest chlorine and sodium accumulation at 12 dS/m was observed in Malas Toq Pishva and Zaq Sefid Yazd cultivars.