Annals of Applied Sport Science
Volume:10 Issue: 2, Summer 2022

In many countries, including Indonesia, the tendency for non-communicable diseases is increasing. Consequently, health costs must be paid by the state and continue to increase. People's lifestyles, including lack of physical activity, are thought to have contributed significantly to the problem.

This study aims to examine the impact of physical activity on quality of life, which is reflected in three main indicators: health, psychological and social.

The study was conducted in the city of Surabaya and its surroundings with a total of 490 participants, consisting of 245 men and 245 women with an average age of 45.4 ± 15.4 years. Data on physical activity and quality of life were collected by questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling.

The test results of the model proved that the value of chi-square= 8.259 with p= 0.409, RMSE = 0.008, NFI = 0.992, and CFI = 1.0. It means that the model was compatible with the data. The model explained that physical activity has a significant effect on the quality of life.

People who exercise regularly are better able to cope with stress, have a lower risk of illness, and have higher pro-social behavior. Therefore, it needs serious efforts from stakeholders, especially the government, to create an ecosystem that allows the growth of movement culture in the community.

This study investigated the effects of short-duration high-intensity simulation of soccer fatigue on the dynamic balance and isokinetic strength of the lower limbs in youth soccer players.

Thirty-nine youth soccer players completed a high-intensity fatigue simulation in 5-min. The participants performed tests on dynamic balance and isokinetic strength before the fatigue simulation (PRE), immediately after simulation (POST5), and 20 min (POST20) and 35 min (POST35) after simulation. Dynamic balance was measured using the Y-Balance test for both legs in the anterior, posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) directions. The muscle strength of the lower limb was measured using the maximal isokinetic contraction of the dominant leg only.

Dynamic balance was significantly reduced after stimulation in all directions for both legs (P<0.005). Significant reduction in the eccentric hamstring, concentric hamstring, and concentric quadriceps peak torques were also observed (P<0.05). However, no significant reductions were found in the functional hamstring/quadriceps ratio and conventional hamstring/quadriceps ratio (P>0.05).

Fatigue influences dynamic balance, hamstrings, and quadriceps strength which may have implications for higher risk of knee injury in youth players.

The outbreak of Coronavirus-19 or COVID-19 has detrimental effects on the sports industry. Cancellation of sports training and competitions, movement restriction, and social isolation present an emotional challenge for athletes.

This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of emotional distress among athletes during the MCO of Covid-19 in Malaysia.

224 male and 264 female athletes participated in this study in May 2020. The majority of the participants were archers (20.7%), followed by athletics (12.9), netball (8.4%), and badminton (6.6%). An online survey was employed, which consists of three measures: (a) demographic information, (b) Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale -21, and (c) Kessler Psychological Distress Scale - 10.

The results indicated that 7.2% (N=35) of the participants reported severe to extremely severe stress, 20.5% (N=100) of participants experienced severe to extremely severe anxiety, and 10% (N=49) participants reported severe to extremely severe depression. Moreover, Chi-Square analysis revealed no significant differences between the level of stress, anxiety, and depression based on age, gender, and category of sports (individual vs. team sports), except for gender and depression (X2 (4, N=488) = 12.18, P= 0.016). More female athletes reported severe depression (20.3%) compared to male athletes (13.4%).

This finding suggests further assessment, monitoring, and treatment plan for athletes, especially female athletes, to ensure their mental health and emotional wellbeing during this Covid19 pandemic.

It is because athletes’ physique, physical strength and experience are vital in sports.

This study was conducted to confirm the relative age effect in Taekwondo, which is an important factor in sports.

Data on the date of birth of 12,054 Taekwondo athletes registered in the Korean Sports Association and data on the date of birth of 11,034,421 public data by the National Statistical Office of Korea were collected, and the birth months were compared. Also, data on the birth dates and the national competition awards of 428 elementary student Taekwondo athletes were collected to confirm the relative age effect.

The results are as follows. First, there was a statistically significant difference in comparing the birth month between the general public and Taekwondo athletes. Second, as a result of comparing the birth month of the current elite Taekwondo athletes according to the elementary school player registration, there was a statistically significant difference, and it was found that students with relatively early birth months had a high frequency of player registration. Third, as a result of comparing the birth month of elementary school Taekwondo athletes according to the national competition awards, there was no statistical difference.

The athletes with the early birth month had relatively high winning results in the national competitions.

There have been many studies on partial weight support walking training. However, most studies have been performed in treadmill settings, not in actual walking environments.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of partial weight support ground walking training on the temporal and spatial gait parameters of chronic stroke patients.

This study was designed as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. The experimental group applied only 70% of its weight using partial weight support equipment. The experimental group underwent the 30 m ground track for 12 minutes, rested for 3 minutes, and then repeated twice in the same way to apply a total of 30 minutes of partial weight-supported ground walking training. In order to measure the temporal and spatial parameters of gait for walking training in stroke patients, a pre-and post-test was performed using GAIT RITE. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare gait variables.

There was a significant improvement in walking speed in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between cadence and cycle time (P < 0.05). Step length, stride length, and swing rate were significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Partial weight support walking training positively affects gait in chronic stroke patients. Thus, it is thought that partial weight support gait training can be used as an effective intervention method to improve gait in chronic stroke patients.

Females' golf course lengths have been reduced due to their strength characteristics, leading to shorter shot distances than men. Although the golf game requires different physical conditions for females and males, the physiological demands of both genders are unknown.

This study aimed to investigate the physiological responses of female and male golfers during 18 holes golf games.

Twentynine elite golf players (females:11, males:14) with 1-10 handicaps participated in the study (age: 17.76±2.05 years and handicaps: 5.4±2.9). The players' physiological responses were assessed using BioHarness 3 Zephry wireless supported heart rate monitor. Perceived exertion rates of the players were enrolled using Borg Scale.

Female golf players had significantly higher heart rate values and energy expenditures than male golf players during 18 holes golf games (P<0.05). Although playing golf produced higher physiologic demands in female players, there was no difference in perceived exertion rates (P>0.05).

Although the golf game is facilitated by changing the course length for female golf players, it has been investigated that they encountered greater physiological demands than males. However, the perceived exertion rates of females were similar to those of males during the golf course play. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the physiological demands of female and male golf players during 18 holes golf games. It can be suggested that female players should not compete in the same category as male players, despite the game being simplified by changing the course length.

World Health Organization pointed out in 2019 that insufficient physical activity has become the fourth major risk factor affecting global mortality.

This research explores the influence of multi-media teaching intervention in the physical education curriculum on college students’ sports attitudes and behavior.

The subjects of weight training and Yogalates courses (94 people in weight training class 2 and 94 people in Yogalates class 2) were divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups were taught in person for 18 weeks. The experimental group participated in multi-media audio-visual teaching for 6 weeks, once a week, for 30 minutes. The control group did not implement multi-media audio-visual teaching. Before and after the teaching experiment, 188 questionnaires were issued with the sports attitude and sports behavior scales, and 184 (97.8%) were effectively returned in the pre-test; 180 (95.7%) were effectively returned in the post-test. After the questionnaire was collected, it was analyzed by descriptive statistics, cross-analysis, and an independent sample t-test.

The study found that after multi-media teaching is involved in physical education courses, students’ sports attitudes and behaviors are significantly higher than in traditional teaching, and the number of students participating in sports after class has increased significantly.

Multi-media teaching intervention in physical education courses can effectively improve students’ attitudes towards sports, change their actual participation in sports, and enable students to develop the habit of continuing to participate in sports after class.

Physical Education and Sports (PES) is essential to the student’s overall education. It has physical, affective, psychological, and social repercussions. Overweight adolescents are sometimes underestimated based on their lower physical performance and suffer from discriminatory attitudes by their peers and their physical education teachers.

This study aimed to investigate the impacts of teacher pedagogy and overweight or obesity on the inclusion of obese students in classrooms and to understand how PES teachers adapt their pedagogical interventions toward this category.

A sample of 48 overweight or obese students and 20 teachers were approached from different schools in Ajman Emirate. Two questionnaires for obese students and PES teachers were used to collect the data.

According to the data collected through the questionnaire, 85.42% of obese students report that they rarely practice or do not practice physical activity outside of school, and 73.42% go to school by bus or car. In addition, 66.7% of the surveyed students said being overweight is a barrier to PSE practice. Similarly, 75% of the surveyed teachers said that obese students are not integrated with the PES course, but only 55% of teachers reported that the obese student became an obstacle in PES sessions, while 80% of teachers reported that obese or overweight students were marginalized by their colleagues.

Our study confirmed an urgent need for effective teaching strategies/ pedagogies to include overweight or obese students in physical education engagement and learning.

In the study of wearable device users, it was found that the intentional motives for using wearable devices were a novelty, fun, and popular trends, but whether the needs and functions of device users will change due to the change the time is the focus of this study.

This study aims to examine the path relationships among motivation of use, exercise commitment, and exercise engagement of users of wearable fitness devices.

The subjects of the study were users of wearable fitness devices. The questionnaires were distributed online through purposive sampling. A total of 479 questionnaires were distributed, and 347 valid questionnaires were collected after excluding invalid questionnaires with an effective response rate of 72.4%. The response data were validated by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and a structural equation model.

The results of the study reveal that users of wearable fitness devices are mainly motivated by “informativeness” and “practicality and instrumentation”; motivation of use does not directly affect exercise engagement (t = 0.895, P < 0.056). Exercise commitment is mediating between the motivation of use and exercise engagement; motivation of use positively affects exercise commitment, and exercise commitment positively affects exercise engagement (t = 3.856, P < 0.001).

Wearable device users believe that the wearable devices can record their own exercise-related information, enhance exercise efficiency, and provide an easy-to-understand interface with a sense of entertainment and novelty technology, which support the device users to engage in physical activities. Commitment to exercise will influence the individual's continued engagement in exercise.

Continuous Training (CT) is often considered an effective way to reduce obesity. However, recently, a popular protocol called High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has shown up as an alternative to CT. There is another factor affecting obesity named UCP2 45-bp Insersion/Deletion genetic marker.

This research aims to determine the effect of the UCP2 45-bp I/D gene as a genetic marker in response to obese training (CT and HIIT).

This study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in two cycling training groups (CT and HIIT). The purposive sampling method was used to collect 28 women with obesity (BMI≥25 kg/m2). Random allocation into two groups using the block randomization method. Exercise training interventions were conducted for 12 weeks, with a frequency of 3 times per week.

Body composition data (body weight, BMI, and Body Fat Percentage) before and after the intervention were analyzed with the Dependent T-Test and found that both the CT and HIIT groups had significant improvements in body composition (P<0.05). ANCOVA Test analyzed the effect of training type and UCP2 45-bp I/D variance on body composition. There was no effect of training type and genetic variation on body weight improvement (P=0.145), body mass index improvement (P=0.153), and body fat improvement (P=0.159).

Both Continuous and High-Intensity Interval Training can equally improve the body composition of obese patients. There was no UCP2 45-bp I/D variance effect on the response to training in a woman with obesity.