مجله علوم و فناوری اطلاعات کشاورزی
پیاپی 7 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

In the present century, the development of information technology (IT) is bringing another revolution to achieve the maximum increase in crop production and efficiency of using agricultural inputs. The greatest role of IT in advanced agriculture (precision, smart and digital) is through the IT-based crop management cycle. So, this paper aims to introduce the components of IT-based crop management cycle and their role in advanced agriculture. IT-based crop management cycle consists of five main components including (1) crop, (2) remote sensing platforms supporting sensors such as satellites, drones and proximal equipment (3) data, (4) decision-making through algorithms such as artificial intelligence and (5) the actuation through variable rate technology. The main purpose of this cycle is to obtain accurate information from every pixels of a farm for smart decision making. This cycle enables the collection of objective data for the implementation of advanced agriculture. In fact, advanced agriculture is based on the principle of monitoring and preparing maps and spatio-temporal information, and this principle arises from the existence of heterogeneity in the field. The role of IT-based crop management cycle components is identifying these heterogeneities (differences in land slope, altitude, soil nutrients, pests and weeds, moisture, salinity (EC), pH, organic matter or even crop yield) for helping to perform precision and smart field management in different parts of the production field

The agricultural sector will not be able to provide the food needed by the population in 2050. On the other hand, theThe agricultural sector will not be able to provide the food needed by the population in 2050. On the other hand, the waste of manufactured products double this challenge. Therefore, one of the most important strategies for food security and prevention of waste of agricultural resources and inputs is smart farming. Smart farming is based on data collection, data transfer and storage in remote storage systems, and by analyzing and combining information, enables decision-making in the shortest possible time. Examples of technologies used in the paddy system include the use of smart machinery in paddy fields, smart management of plant diseases and weeds in paddy fields, and smart paddy irrigation. Smart farming increases the quantity and quality of products while optimizing the production and optimal use of manpower. Farm management uses smart technologies to boost agriculture and help reverse migration to rural areas. It also preserves environmental resources. Despite the many advantages of smart systems in farm management, there are two major challenges, including lack of access to a suitable Internet network in rural areas and the need for high skill and accuracy of the operators in smart farming. Necessary solutions have been provided too.

This article addresses some of the issues, challenges, teachings, and solutions related to intellectual property that often result from the development of information and communication technology, including electronic publishing for scholars and knowledge institutions. It is important for researchers, managers, experts and information professionals in knowledge institutions to pay attention to these issues because of their great role in promoting and transmitting these teachings, solutions and also providing services on some technical and legal issues related to information and knowledge in the research process, production and consumption of information, innovations and so on. Digital transformation and intellectual property require some new roles, tasks and jobs for knowledge and information proffessionals in knowledge institutions: expert in scientific communication, intellectual property, copyright, content management, publishing, electronic publishing, organizational archives are among them.

The overall goal of this research is to identify the status of scientific information production by Iranian researchers in the field of agricultural biodiversity using scientific metrics from the beginning to the end of 2020 in the Scopus database. 1053 scientific works of Iranian researchers have formed the statistical community of the research. To conduct the research, first, the characteristics of scientific works related to the subject area of biodiversity were extracted and then the obtained results were analyzed. The scientific outputs of Iranian researchers in the field of biodiversity are indexed in the form of 9 types of information sources in the Scopus citation database, and the most type of information resources were in the form of research articles with 936 titles (88.89%). University of Tehran with 214 article titles (20.32%) have had the most participation in the publication of scientific production in the field of biodiversity. Most of the articles of Iranian researchers in the field of biodiversity have been published in Journal of Environmental Studies with 4 quartiles and 36 article titles. The results of the research showed that the process of producing articles in this field is increasing.

Smart farming is an emerging concept and is often referred to as the management of various agricultural processes, tools and services that operate automatically or intelligently in combination with information and communication technologies. The goal is to intelligently improve the quality of products and services, and reduce financial, human and other costs. Optimal management of water, soil, air, energy, fertilizer, toxins and other things is also important in smart farming. Remote control, production and greater access to data to improve decision making and increase functionality and efficiency are also among the goals of smart farming. The use of smart tools in the agricultural industry is increasing so much that it can be considered as a kind of digital transformation.This article tries to describe the functions and applications of concepts, tools and methods in the field of smart agriculture in a simple and easy way, so that the audience is familiar with the border between modern and smart agriculture.