پژوهشنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
پیاپی 28 (تابستان 1400)

The present research was performed using qualitative method to describe the assessment of disability from the perspective of social workers using the International Classification of functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with fourteen experienced and knowledgeable social workers about ICF selected in a targeted and accessible manner, then were classified by thematic content analysis and adaptation of the obtained concepts to ICF. First the Concepts classified in 16 main categories including: work and employment, economic status, interactions and support, education and training, dwelling /housing and interior physicalspace, physical space outside the home, supervision and care, social mobility and transportation, attitudes and customs and culture, Welfare facilities and technology, media and mass communication, social security, social voluntarily activity and participation, leisure, health and rehabilitation services, climatic conditions; and The subcategories were matched with 79 ICF descriptive codes, that referring to 11 ICF headings: 6 headings are related to activities and participations and 5 headings are related to environmental factors. The results of this study introduce ICF as a suitable tool for assessing disability by social workers. Also much attention has been paid to the components of activities and participations and environmental factors and shows a systematic approach in assessing the social dimension of disability. Therefore, the ICF can assist to a systematic assessment in rehabilitation social work.

Having disabled child among family, has heavy mental and social burden on this family. father who is the head of the family and as direct responsible, feels this burden some more than others. The aim of this study is understanding the lived experience of fathers with mentally disabled children with qualitative method and relying on interpretive phenomenology and its important theorists such as: Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Penty, Schutz, Foucault, Bourdieu and Van Manen. Sampling procedure is an aimed sampling which careful interviews with twenty fathers who had disabled child and were under supporting of welfare department in the city by supposing criteria such as wing with disabled child at home , satisfied with being interviewed and other criteria ware conducted. The data ware analyzed based on double hermeneutics and the participants textual descriptions transformed into structural descriptions. The results led to recognizing of central category named responsibility of father having disabled child and three main contents inclined responsibility to persons, family and society. The findings consisted of negative individual experience , psychological and mental injuries including stress, anxiety, depression, life Satiety, family experience such as having inappropriate relationship with wife and children, being children with together, social experience including stigma, social exclusion and isolation, heavy pressure of Finance and economy. Attention to the lived experience of fathers instead of mothers was an important innovation of this research. The result was that the interaction of all times with each other requires the pressure of the father's burden of support and attention

Child labour is one of the most important social harm in the world. Many children are working in exploitative conditions and are exploited. In Iran, policies and interventions to eliminate child labour have not been very effective so far. Therefore, considering the diversity and extent of child labour and injuries caused by forced labour on them, the present study has tried to identify the types of child labour in Tehran, categories and occupations of child exploitation and identify the issues and consequences of each type of labour for children; so that through proper knowledge, we can help plan the necessary measures for any child job in order to reduce and eliminate child labour. A qualitative study has used in this research. We used semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 15 key informants in the field of child labour to gather the data. Also, we studied documents which were sampling done intentionally and theoretically. A thematic analysis was used in this study and finally, we reached seven main themes: Workshop work, Peddling, Street services, Barbage gathering, Begging, House working and Delinquencies. In conclusion, results try to get a realistic cognition of child labour based on a holistic approach. We hope this knowledge use as the basis of research and scientific and practical actions of policymakers and institutions in charge of children's health and welfare.

In recent years population rejuvenation policies in Iran have been considered; But there are two different perspectives on the impact of this policies; Some have blamed rising youth unemployment for rising labor imbalances and others believe that because young people have more mobility to find a suitable jobs, it results into companies' job opportunities increasing to attract young people. Therefore in this study, with the aim of "examining the effect of cohort size on the employment rate in Iran" and using the secondary analysis method, a statistical population that includes people of working age by age groups (15-19 ..., 64-60 years) during the period of 1350-1395 in the country; Data analysis technique; And by controlling the independent economic, demographic and socio-cultural variables, we seek to answer the question of whether the employment of that generation will decrease with the increase of the population of one generation or not. The findings show that after controlling for variables, not only is there no inverse relationship between population and generational employment; Rather, there is no direct and strong relationship between the age groups of 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 55-59 years and 64-60 years, and no significant relationship is observed in other age groups.

Domestic violence against men has several dysfunctional consequences that affect not only the individual and the family, but also the middle and upper levels of society. The aim of this study was to study domestic violence against men under sociological explanation. This was a descriptive-explanatory study in which data were collected from married women between 18 and 65 years old in Mashhad in 1398 with a sample size of 394 people by multi-stage cluster sampling. Spss and Amos softwares were used to analyze the data.The results showed that the overall average of domestic violence against men in a range of 0 to 100 was 18.16, and in general, 75.4% of men were slightly abused, 21.3% were moderately abused and 3.3% were severely abused. Also, among the dimensions of violence, the highest amount belonged to the psychological dimension (Mean: 21/09). Among the independent variables, experience of violence, observation of violence, feeling of injustice and life satisfaction had a significant effect (P <0.01) on domestic violence against men, which the most impact belonged to the experience of violence (Beta = 0.50, P <0.01). Social variables played an important role in facilitating violent behavior against men, which necessitates educational needs through school, media and family

Extramarital affairs are one of the harms of the family institution that fundamentally affects the couple's relationship. this study aimed to identify the process of formation of extramarital relationships between couples. The research method of the present study was based on a qualitative approach and using the narrative interview technique. The statistical sample of the study was 20 people who referred to the court and law offices of Mashhad and the sample size was determined based on the information saturation rule.In the analysis of interviews, 13 main categories and 39 subcategories were extracted. The relationships between the main categories showed that extramarital relationships are created through a four-step process. These stages include contextual conditions, causal conditions, strategies, and intervening conditions that have led to the tendency to extramarital relationships and, ultimately, the establishment of extramarital relationships. Finally, the core category of this research was "weakening the codes of honor in today's society."