نشریه جغرافیایی سرزمین
پیاپی 73 (بهار 1401)

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution and measurement of urban livability dimensions in the direction of a health-oriented city in District One of Tehran. The following research is a type of basic-applied research based on documentary-library and field studies. Dimensions and indicators of the research were extracted by extensive studies and analyzed by SPSS software using Smirnov-Kolomograph test. The order of physical-environmental dimension, economic dimension, social dimension and environmental dimension had the most impact. The results showed that as long as the structures and institutional-managerial processes governing the region act as the main structures, it can be said that the realization of this health-oriented city will be possible. Finally, the distribution of research dimensions with a map diagram showed the highest effect of dimensions in area (2) and the least impact in area (10) of the mentioned District.

Increasing population and car growth, rapid and industrial development of big cities, formation of new and suburban cities around big cities due to not following a suitable model and standard of urban, and regional development, has added to the problems and complexities of life in these cities . And the combination of these factors has drawn the attention of urban thinkers to the presentation of a new idea of development based on transportation-oriented development, the basic principles of which have been based on the development of public transportation and the mixing of uses. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify the key variables of transportation-based development of the extract derived from the foundation data method, based on which to identify the most effective and influential variables involved in this development. Accordingly, 10 key influential factors include comprehensive transportation studies, culture of using public transport, increasing land value, mixing land uses and stations, increasing household income, increasing employment and services, private sector cooperation, and Government and local people, space-driven car design, type and function of corridors and stations, transportation demand management 15 very influential key elements including spatial unity and balance of uses, comprehensive transportation studies, public safety, culture of using public transport, increasing the value of land, eco-based and humane design of places, non-motorized transportation, Transportation demand management, public and open spaces and recreation that have the most role in the future of TOD development in the city of Tabriz were selected.

Indian Ocean as a Facilitator of world trade and free flow of energy has a special geopolitical role and its sides meet at the intersection of the major terrestrial axes that connect East Asia and South Asia and Etc it connects to Africa,Europe and India.Iran and India are two important countries in the region, and throughout history theyhave had close relationships with each other. Therefor, the geoeconomics of these two countries have a special relationship with each other it is ipmportant to investigating and recognizing the factors affecting it. In forthcoming reaserch, wich is of a fundmental nature and seek to find the facts and recognizing arising from the interaction of geography, economics and politics and using interpretive-analytical method in reaserch, we have studied the effect of Iran's political geography on economic relations with the countries of the Indian subcontinent and the case of India has been studied on a case-by-case basis. By studing the most important activities in the subject mentione wich is on of the important isues of foregn policy and international organizations and also, since the level of relations with foreign goverments and international organizations is one of the symbols of a country's development, in the present study, the relationship between Iran and India economic relations with Iran's geostrategic position and convergent and divergent factors affecting the economic development of the two countries has been discussed. The results of this study indicate that Iran can be a link between Central Asian countries and the Caucasus with India subcontinent and we are expected to see a significant increase is the convergence between Iran and India subcontinent, and in particular India.

Information geopolitics examines the tensions arising from the power of information and effective communication in the political space and analyzes its hidden aspects in information knowledge and aristocracy, and describes the power of public opinion persuasion. The information revolution has led to the arrival of new actors, transformations and changes in the equations of power, and to the complication of relations, and finally to the emergence of a hybrid war. Now, in this situation, how can modern and efficient combat strategies be achieved by relying on appropriate intelligence power? According to the appropriate solution, complete and strategic intelligence aristocracy is based on the effective factors in the areas involved in the hybrid war and the formation of strategic alliances based on the long-term goals of the actors. The method of library analytical research is to explain the relationship between the geopolitical components of information and hybrid warfare. According to the theory of chaos complexity, strategic stability based on information geopolitics is the basis for maintaining balance and control of war in which political units are not able to start a large-scale war against each other and prevent conflicts from turning into direct war.

Coastal areas has been important for mankind because of the abundance of potential possibilities for development since long time ago and this can be the reason for concentration of %75 of the world's population at radius of 200 km from the coasts.The purpose of this study is the change detection of land use in coastal areas of assalouye by using landsat images in two 16-year periods (2984-2000-2016). Land use maps for these years was extracted from landsat satellite imagery and was corrected by using of available maps and also google earth images and was verified through the error matrix approach, kappa coefficient and overall accuracy. kappa coefficient ( 0.94; 08808 and 0.9517) and overall accuracy (96.56%; 95.4952% and 93.5883% ) was obtained for 1984, 2000 and 2016 years respectively.The results show that increase in area in the residential areas use unit (126.36 square kilometer ) and vegetation (6.13 square kilometer) and decrease in area in the bayer areas use class (-125.37) and water range (-7.15 square kilometer) has been created during 32 years. Bayer lands has the most changes and residential areas unit as the most development.

Considering the capability of the artificial neural networks in simulating sophisticated processes, it is being used in estimation and computation of climatic parameters. The goal of this research is to estimate the daily maximum temperature in Kerman province. To this aim, daily climatic parameters as input to the neural networks and daily maximum temperature as the output during a statistical period of 24 years (1989-2013) were used, the findings revealed that the output of the multi-layer perceptron neural network, considering the error amount and correlation among data, is more precise and shows lower error and more correlation in relation to the expected output (daily maximum temperature). Also, among other climatic parameters, minimum temperature and the average of the wet temperature indicated the estimation of the daily maximum temperature with lower error and more correlation in comparison to other climatic parameters.

The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate times for sports tourism in Sabzevar city based on thermal climate. For this purpose, two quantitative indices of Olgyay and effective temperature (ET) were used. For this purpose, statistical data related to temperature and relative humidity of the study area over a period of 25 years was evaluated. The results showed that according to the Olgyay index, the months of May, June, July and September are in the zone of thermal comfort and are the best times for sports tourism. Also, July is not a good time for outdoor tourism due to high temperatures and November, December, January, February and March due to high cold. The minimum average relative humidity was set at 34%, which is not outside the standard range of the Oleg index. The natural attractions of Sabzevar county and natural spaces that have the possibility of sports tourism are classified into 3 main areas and 3 zones.