نشریه قضاوت و تصمیم گیری در حسابداری
پیاپی 3 (پاییز 1401)

The Effect of Auditor's Professional Identity on the Relationship between the Self-efficacy of Auditor-client Negotiations and ObjectivityAbstractThe present study first examines the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity and then, examines the mpderating role of auditor's professional identity in the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity. The statistical population of the study are auditors working in Yazd auditing institutes. For sample size calculation, the Cochran's formula in unlimited statistical population mood was used and sample was selected by the simple random sampling method. After confirming the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in PLS. The results of 210 completed questionnaires show that the effect of auditor's negotiations self-efficacy on auditor objectivity is positive and significant and the moderating role of auditor's professional identity in the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity is confirmed. The Coefficient of moderating variable is positive and indicate that the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity strengthens in the presence o professional identity.

The Effect of Managers 'Behavioral Bias on Auditors' Strategies in the Face of Audit Risk AbstractIn the face of audit risk and reducing litigation, auditors use a variety of strategies, such as increasing the level of auditing tests, increasing clauses, and changing clients. Given that managers are responsible for preparing the company's financial statements, the behavioral characteristics of managers affect decision-making and information presentation approaches.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managers 'bias on auditors' strategies in the face of audit risk. In this regard, a sample including 129 observations (year-company), the effect of managers' behavioral bias on remuneration, delay in submitting a report, commenting on the distortion clause and changing the auditor were investigated.Findings showed that managers 'focus on short-term goals, reputation and high percentage of managers' ownership leads to more effort and accuracy in the audit process and increase audit fees. The results also showed that managers' uncertainty and fortification have a negative and significant relationship with the delay of the audit report. This means that more confident managers are trying to pay less for auditing so that they can invest more in assets by reducing costs. According to the research findings, short-sightedness and narcissism of managers have a positive and significant relationship with condition clauses of audit importance. Managers who seek to gain benefits and career advancement or self-esteem and reputation gain by manipulating information increase the likelihood of receiving important condition clauses from the independent auditor. The findings also showed that the behavioral characteristics of managers have no effect on the change of auditor.

Audit committees are one of the main pillars of corporate governance, the efficiency of which is of considerable importance in achieving the goals of this system. The purpose of this study is to develop a model for evaluating the performance of audit committees on a local basis. The present research method was qualitative and data were collected through interviews with experts in the field of auditing. In the present study, the text of the initial interviews was studied according to the objectives of the research. The theme analysis method has been used so as to analyze the data .The results showed sixteen factors including: sufficient experience; having financial and non-financial experience; influence and power of audit committee members; presence of independent auditors in the audit committee; publishing annual reports of audit committee performance to shareholders;  publishing report of board minutes; size The audit committee; scheduled reports to the board: reporting on past events; the number of audit committee meetings; tenured of audit committee; independence of the audit committee; the establishment of an efficient internal audit unit to corporate with audit committee; the establishment of an administrative procedure for reviewing documents; raising the awareness of the audit committee and providing additional training for audit committee members lead to audit committees.

Peer Companies Performance and Earnings Management: The Effect of Capital Market PressureAbstractFinancial analysts and investors use the performance of peer firms for valuation and investment decisions. Since managers know that their performance is compared to peer’s firms, they have enough incentive to earnings manipulation. Therefore, the purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationship performance of peer firms on earnings management. Based on analysis of archival data of 114 firms listed in TSE, the findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between performance of peer firms and earnings management. That is, the high performance of peer firms leads to increased discretionary accruals. In addition, change in earnings forecast per manager share has a positive and significant relationship with peer firm performance. Also, there is a significant relationship between the criterion of earnings forecast and performance of peer firms. Therefore, managers in response to the performance of peer firms and under the capital market pressure, manipulation of accounting earnings. This study focused more on the impact of peer firms and their performance on the quality of financial reporting. In addition, earnings management studies in the scope of motivation is broaden.

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the accounting process for outsourcing decisions in cloud accounting. Cloud accounting information systems provide extensive and comprehensive network access per use; Compared to traditional accounting systems, they provide better opportunities for scale, better access to the software and hardware in question, greater control, and the potential for better collaboration with supply chain partners. The main outsourcing mechanism allows business groups to split into smaller processes and cross organizational or geographical boundaries, making processes more outsourced and improving flexibility in organizing process delivery, reducing Costs and focus on the core processes of the company. The statistical population of the study includes 384 members of the Accounting and Auditing Association in 2021. The content method, convergent and divergent, was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire, and the structural equation method by LISREL software was used to test the accuracy of the theoretical model of the research and to calculate the impact coefficients. The results showed that process repetition, expert workforce, information intensity and customer contact need have a positive and significant effect on cloud accounting users, and uncertainty has a negative and significant effect on cloud accounting users

Considering the importance of potential litigation risk motives in the risk-based audit process, this paper assessed the impact of annual audit adjustments and earnings management due to material errors & misstatement in clients' financial reporting on the modified audit opinion. Research population includes 131 listed firms in Tehran Securities & Exchange over the period March 2012 till March 2020. Research Hypotheses analyzed using multivariate binary logit regression models based on firm-year observations. Findings showed that more earnings management due to misstatement in clients’ financial reporting lead to increase the likelihood of issuance the modified opinion by auditors. Also, as the prior period adjustments due to errors in clients’financial reporting increase, the likelihood of issuance the modified audit opinion has increased. In addition, the evidence suggested that the higher level of abnormal accruals and abnormal real activities to manage earnings has strengthened the positive relationship between annual adjustments and likelihood of issuance modified audit opinion. In fact, annual adjustments and earnings management as consequences of errors and misstatement in clients' financial reporting expose auditors to litigation risk, which is expected to result in more auditors effort and audit quality in risk-based audit process. In such circumstances, the auditors act conservatively in order to reduce the potential litigation risk and respond by issuance the modified audit opinion.