مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 78 (امرداد و شهریور 1401)

The semantic evolution of a word over time is inevitable, indicating a social, political, religious or cultural process. Nurse is one of the words that has a significant presence in Persian literature texts and has been used in many different meanings such as slave, servan, maid, devotee, obedient, patient and preserver. The purpose of this study is to show its semantic evolution by using the views of linguists and reviewing literary texts.

This research is a library study, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. By referring to some classical texts of Persian language and by studying various articles and books and searching in valid databases, Like Magiran, SID, noormags, civilica, the materials were collected and the information obtained after analysis was presented in a regular format. Search keywords include nurse, Persian literature, meaning.

In this study, the works of poets and writers of Persian literature from the fourth century to the contemporary century (more than 70 works) were examined, based on which it was determined:
Shahnameh is one of the oldest literary texts in which the word nurse can be seen with high frequency. The semantic range of this word expands from the fifth century onwards with the expansion of the field of Persian language and the greater frequency of prose and poetic works. And finds new meanings. It seems that the word nurse was rarely used in the modern sense until today before the eleventh century.

The results of this study indicate a semantic change in the nurse in the classical texts of Persian literature. This semantic change has manifested itself in periods in the form of semantic development and in periods in the form of semantic allocation. Also, based on the findings of this study, it was found that this word has changed from meaning to whole to meaning to part and from general to specific meaning.

The Emergency Medical System is responsible for providing all rescue treatment measures outside the hospital. One of the most important and effective concepts in emergency management and decision making is triage. One of the significant challenges in performing different types of triage is the occurrence of miss triage. Identifying and applying solutions to reduce the above challenge is a necessity. Therefore, the present study will be conducted to investigate the effect of drills on triage error in pre-hospital emergency personnel.

The present study is a two-group intervention study that will be performed on Emergency Medical System personnel in two cities of Isfahan province. The tools used in this research include: demographic information form questionnaire, triage decision making inventory and designed START triage scenarios. Finally, the collected data will be analyzed by appropriate parametric and nanoparametric statistical tests including mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, paired t-test, K-square, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney.

This intervention could potentially reduce the amount of erroneous triage in pre-hospital emergency personnel.

Most triage studies have been conducted using the method of discussion-based exercises, most of which have reported moderate knowledge and inadequate skills of the participants. Therefore, the present study focuses on performance-based exercise and will be performed among pre-hospital emergency personnel.

Improving the quality of nursing care is one of the most challenging issues in recent years in the health system. Perhaps one of the factors affecting the quality of nursing care is the ability of nurses to increase control over improving and maintaining health,This study aimed to determine the relationship between health promoting behaviors and quality nursing care in nurses of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, was conducted in 1399.

This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-correlational study. The research population included all nurses working in departments of Imam Khomeini Hospital complex affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, except for special departments, emergency room and operating room and their patients. Finally, 200 nurses were selected using quota and random sampling method and 600 patients were selected using available sampling method based on the entry criteria from September to November 2019. Data were collected and analyzed with using of demographic questionnaire, International Health Promoting Behavior Questionnaire (HPLP-II) and researcher-made questionnaire on the quality of nursing care (from the patient's perspective) and with the help of SPSS software version 16 in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics

 In general, from the point of view of more than half of the patients,  57.3% , the quality of nursing care was good. The mean total score of health-promoting behaviors was (128/93±22/45). The highest mean score was obtained in the dimension of "responsibility" (2.89 ± 0.51) and the lowest mean score was obtained in the dimension of "physical activity" (1.89 ± 0.72).  The mean total score of nursing care quality was (3.10 ± 0.45). The highest mean score was obtained in the field of "nursing ethics" (3.27 ± 0.52) and the lowest mean score was obtained in the field of "patient education" (2.88 ± 0.68). Finally, health-promoting behaviors only in the dimension of nutrition had a statistically significant correlation with the quality of nursing  in the dimension of nursing   ethics (ρ = 0.027), which was a negative correlation.

 In general, there was no statistically significant relationship between health-promoting behaviors and the quality of nursing care, and the quality of nursing care was good from the patients' point of view. Also, in other results, due to the low physical activity of nurses, it is necessary to implement health education programs with emphasis on physical activity among them. Given that, the patient education had the lowest score. More time plans should be devoted to education and emphasis on the importance of this issue and its impact on accelerating the healing process and reducing the complications of the disease.

Marital satisfaction has an important role in strengthening the foundation of the family and marital boredom and sexual satisfaction can be effective on this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on marital boredom and sexual satisfaction in married people referring to psychological centers in Tehran.

The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a two-month follow-up phase with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all married people with marital problems who referred to psychological centers in Tehran in 1398. Among these people, 30 people were selected by the purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and no action was taken for the control group. Data collection tools included the marital boredom questionnaire and the sexual satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 and repeated measures ANOVA.

The results showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction program had a significant effect on reducing marital boredom and increasing sexual satisfaction of married people in the post-test and follow-up stages (P <0.005).

According to the results, mindfulness-based stress reduction program intervention can be used to reduce marital boredom and improve sexual satisfaction in married people.

Career anchor identifies job-related values ​​and capabilities. Eight career anchors are: Functional- Technical, General Managerial, Autonomy & Independence, Security & Stability, Creativity & innovation, Serve & Dedication, Pure Challenge, and Lifestyle anchor. Each person has a special career anchor. Knowing the career anchors of employees is important both for the individuals themselves and for the managers of the organization. Adapting the career anchor to the nurse's work leads to improved work outcomes.

Methods & Materials:

This is a correlational study. Data collection tools included background characteristics, job satisfaction and job anchors questionnaire which consisted of eight anchors of Functional- Technical, General Managerial, Autonomy & Independence, Security & Stability, Creativity & innovation, Serve & Dedication, Pure Challenge, and Lifestyle. After obtaining the ethical approve, the link of electronic questionnaires was provided to all nurses working in the hospitals of East Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences (about 4000 nurses). Inclusion criteria were having at least a bachelor's degree and employment as a clinical nurse and exclusion criteria were not completing more than 10% of the items by the respondents. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 by descriptive, analytical and regression tests.

Findings:

 Data from 470 nurses were analyzed. The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age and work experience were 35.97±7.29 and 12.16±6.90, respectively. According to the results, the most dominant career anchors were the anchors of lifestyle, serve & dedication, and security and stability, respectively. The lowest scores were related to the Creativity & innovation anchor and the General Managerial anchor. The job satisfaction score was also in the middle range (12.99±14.46 from the range of 15 to 75). Job satisfaction scores were also moderate. After adjusting the confounders, the relationship between job satisfaction score and anchors of lifestyle, general management, functional- technical and autonomy & independence was significant.

 According to the findings, adjusting work shifts and stabilizing employment positions are recommended to increase job satisfaction and align the career anchor with the nursing job.

Increasing the number of elderly people in the world is affecting the need for elderly health care providers. Nurses are one of the most important providers of health care to this group. In Iran, the master's degree program in gerontological nursing has been established and trained students during the last decade. Evaluation in the curriculum is one of the most important ways to improve it. Comparative studies are an effective method of identifying strengths and weaknesses. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative study of the master's degree program in gerontological nursing offered at Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran and the University of Pennsylvania.

Methods & Materials:

 In this descriptive-comparative study in 2021, information related to the master of gerontological nursing education program was obtained using the keywords of comparative study, curriculum, master's degree, gerontological nursing, Iran, University of Pennsylvania. The data were analyzed using Bereday's model in four stages of description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison.

The results showed that the University of Pennsylvania, considering the scope of the elderly care, offers a master's degree in nursing in both acute and primary care programs, But in Iran, two types of care are offered in one program. The University of Pennsylvania, unlike most Iranian institutions, employs specialist instructors in the field of gerontology and has nursing centers for direct student work with the elderly. Students entry to Pennsylvania is assessed by various criteria, but in Iran, the entrance exam is the only admission criterion. Courses offered and resources used in Iran are generally taken from Western countries; Unlike in Pennsylvania, the country's cultural, indigenous, and demographic needs have not been addressed. The job status of graduates in Iran, unlike in Pennsylvania, is clearly stated.

The Master of gerontological nursing program in Iran is being successfully presented by institutions. In order to improve the situation by considering issues such as the principles of student enrollment, the presence of a teacher familiar with the field of gerontology, the existence of a suitable clinical environment, attention to cultural, indigenous and demographic issues in the course structure and attracting graduates to appropriate jobs, the provision of services by nurses to the elderly community can be affected.

Health care providers are the first line of defense in direct and long-term contact with patients with coronavirus disease. Lack of sufficient knowledge and inappropriate attitude and practice of nurses toward coronavirus disease can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment, poor adherence to infection control principles, and ultimately the rapid spread of infections. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses working at Tehran University of Medical Sciences regarding coronavirus disease.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 on 175 nurses working at Tehran University of Medical Sciences who were selected by convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire of demographic variables and the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Bao-Liang Zhong. Data analysis was performed by SPSS-V24 software using descriptive, inferential, and correlational statistical tests.

80.6% of the participants in the present study were women and 64.4% of them were in the age range of 22-40 years. The mean score for nurses' knowledge was 9.30 ± 1.116 and the mean score of attitude and practice was 0.851 ± 1.24 and 0.506 ± 1.42, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between age and knowledge (P = 0.038) while between other demographic variables (gender, marital status, level of education, work experience, workplace department, and care of a person with or suspected of coronavirus disease) with knowledge, attitude and There was no statistically significant relationship between nurses' performance.

The knowledge level of the vast majority of nurses regarding coronavirus disease was good and more than half of them had a positive attitude and good performance. Continuation of more educational strategies is necessary for all nurses to better understand and have a positive view of the epidemic.

The aim of this study was to provide a data theory based on the data model of online learning improvement strategies during the Covid-19 epidemic. Sudden exposure to these acute conditions in the field of education, caused the need to use virtual education courses, especially in Iranian universities.

The research approach was qualitative by systematic GT strategy. The study population consisted of faculty members of Tehran University and the Payame Noor University of Tehran were studied using the theoretical sampling method and theoretical saturation, with 28 participants. Some education experts consulted in higher education technology to design an interview protocol. Researchers used a rethinking strategy to validate the interview data coding process. Data were analyzed using Maxqda Qualitative Analysis software version 2022.

Themes and concepts related to improving online teaching-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic period coded with a total of 264 codes in the form of 31 open codes, Ten core codes, and Five selected codes, included organizational, educational, metacognitive, communication, and contextual strategies.

The results of this study indicate that Organizational strategies are considered as the main and supporting factor for improving education and learning in the online education environment and include monitoring and evaluation of online education and online education management and planning. Communication strategies in the field of informal and formal educational communication have an interventionist role in improving online education and learning in the university. Field strategies, in the form of software and hardware infrastructure, provide the basis for online college education and learning. Educational strategies as operational strategies are mainly led by faculty members and university lecturers in the context of developing online educational content and improving online teaching methods.