فهرست مطالب

Journal of Nature and Spatial Sciences
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Summer and Fall 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/08/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
|
  • Sadegh Mokhtarisabet *, Afsaneh Shahriari Pages 80-100
    Background and objective

     In recent years, the importance of modeling and predicting land-use/land-cover (LULC) changes for regional planning and environmental management has grown significantly. This study aims to discover and predict LULC changes in the South Pars' special economic zone over a 20-year period.

    Materials and methods

      In this study, geographic information system (GIS) and a remote sensing technique (RS) were used to classify satellite imagery and the land change modeler (LCM) for monitoring LULC changes. The CA-Markov model was also used to predict LULC changes. The input data of our model were satellite images from TM sensor (Thematic Mapper) for 1998, and 2008 and OLI sensor (Operation Land Imager) for 2018, and this led us to predict LULC changes for 2028.

    Results and conclusion

     Monitoring the results indicated that the area of the built-up areas was increased by 21.2533 km2 (0.81%) during this period, and the largest reduction area was related to the Bare land with 15,298 KM2 (-1.174%). prediction of LULC changes for 2028 revealed that the area of the Built-up areas is doubled and its area will reach 48.65 KM2 (56%). Water bodies and bare land areas will decrease by 113.13 km2 (-19%) to 165.96 km2 (-12%) respectively. Vegetation cover will increase to 23.24 km2 (65%). These results showed that the study area is susceptible to changes due to environmental and human factors that should be considered in urban and environmental planning.

    Keywords: Asaloyeh, Land Use Land Cover, CA-Markov model, Environmental changes, remote sensing
  • AhmadAli Zare Mehrjardi * Pages 101-122
    Background and objective

    The movement of the earth's crust is one of the critical factors in the shaping of landscapes, so the effect of these movements on geomorphology and its related consequences can be identified by studying morphotectonics indicators. This study aimed to investigate the tectonic mobility, deformation pattern, and fault geometry of the Western Alborz zone in Iran.

    Materials and methods

     In this study, types of morphotectonics indicators such as sinuosity of the mountain front (Smf), river gradient (Sl), valley width to depth (Vf), asymmetry of waterways (Af), and hypsometric curves in thirty watersheds using topographic maps and satellite images were studied. The basins were classified into three categories: active, median, and inactive, and the status of the network of waterways and alluvial terraces, closely related to tectonics, were evaluated.

    Results and conclusion

     The results showed that the tectonic regime prevailing in this area is a compression type. Thirteen watersheds are active, fourteen are moderately active, and the rest are inactive. This conclusion was reached by combining all the data. Some faults are inclined towards the south and others towards the north. The main faults are mainly reverse type in all sections.

    Keywords: active tectonics, Western Alborz, morphotectonics indicators, deformation pattern, tectonic structures
  • Mohammadreza Samavi *, Mostafa Panahi, Zahra Abedi Pages 123-142
    Background and objective

     Transportation is the driving force needed to achieve the goals of economic development and create the well-being of human societies. Modern life requires growth and expansion of the movement. The present research is applied in terms of purpose-based classification. The idea of applied research is to develop applied knowledge in a particular field. This study aimed to estimate the environmental effects of reducing CO2 emissions by using intelligent transportation system (ITS) in Iran.

    Materials and methods

      This research is descriptive-correlational in terms of method and nature. The statistical population of this study is the vehicles traveling during the eight busy days of September from 1 am to 00:00 in the Karaj-Chalous axis in 2019 during the study time. No other specific sampling was performed. All calculations and analyzes were performed using Excel and 10Eviews software.

    Results and conclusion

     The results revealed that the application of the intelligent transportation system had decreased travel time on the Karaj-Chalous axis and, therefore, reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The outcomes indicated that the use of the ITS during the eight days of the research had decreased 10,129 tons of carbon dioxide emissions in the Karaj-Chalous axis.

    Keywords: traffic, Environmental impact, CO2 Reduction, Intelligent Transport Systems
  • Mahdieh Rezaeyan * Pages 143-165
    Background and objective

    Population growth and industrialization of cities have led to the rapid growth of urbanization and development of cities. Today, the evaluation of urban physical development using modern remote sensing techniques can provide basic information to planners. The purpose of this study is to investigate the trend of urban development and its effects on changes in vegetation, temperature, rainfall, and air pollution in the two metropolises of Tehran and Isfahan.

    Materials and methods

      In this study, two systems Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Giovanni have been used to analyze indicators such as temperature, vegetation, humidity, and precipitation. NDVI maps and diagrams of two cities in 5- and 10-year periods were produced from MODIS satellite (2000 to 2021) and Landsat 8 (2013 to 2021).

    Results and conclusion

    Urban development and population growth in Tehran have led to an increase in heat islands (LST) and temperature in the region, which has a direct effect on the reduction of snow and rain and, as a result, the reduction of runoff, vegetation, and soil moisture. Due to the development of industrial towns and residential constructions around Isfahan, destructive environmental effects related to vegetation, weather, and pollution in Mashhad, and the increase in urbanization and industry have led to a decrease in the level of vegetation and NDVI in this area. This conclusion was obtained that the obtained results confirm that the development of the cities of Tehran and Isfahan has destructive environmental effects on the weather and vegetation in all directions.

    Keywords: remote sensing, dew point, NDVI, runoff, SRTM
  • Ladan Khedri Gharibvand * Pages 166-179
    Background and objective

     The rivers are vital natural resources for human activities. Knowledge of the structure and dynamics of rivers is important to understand river characteristics. Differences due to the season in river flow lead to unsteady sediment transport capacities that cause riverside erosion and the development of meandering channels. Channel migration might produce a crucial problem for water supply and hydraulic structures. Therefore, the study of a stream channel dynamical is necessary. In this research, we investigate the meander evolution of the Dez River in agricultural and mountainous areas by GEE and Geographical Information System (GIS) during 1995 - 2021.

    Materials and methods

      To study the meander evolution of the Dez River, the Sinuosity Index (SI) of the river in the mountainous and agricultural areas was calculated. Then the slope and The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) maps were prepared using NASA SRTM. Also, the soil texture map was derived from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) system and the monthly runoff map was prepared in GEE.

    Results and conclusion

     The results showed that SI in the mountainous area was constant (2.10), but it changed in agricultural areas (2.10-2.14). Also, the slope in agricultural areas was 1-4 degrees, the elevation was 30-36 meters, and the soil type was loam and clay loam. Due to the increase in runoff in recent years and the erodibility of the riverbed, it seems that the meander evolution of the Dez River is due to soil type and runoff increase.

    Keywords: sinuosity index, Dez River, Google Earth Engine (GEE), GIS
  • Ali Bagherzadeh *, Reza Mahjoubin, Ehsan Afshar, Ali Bakhshi Pages 180-197
    Background and objective

    Information concerning the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetative drought is essential for decision-making in environmental and agricultural practices. The present study is a comprehensive Spatio-temporal analysis of vegetative drought over thirty years of observations.

    Materials and Methods

    The data obtained from NOAA/AVHRR (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer) to reveal the vegetative drought patterns across Khorasan-e-Razavi province, northeast of Iran from 1990 to 2019. Three satellite-based drought indices including the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), and Vegetation health index (VHI) as well as NDVI were used to characterize the dynamics of drought severity conditions and their fluctuations in the study area.

    Results and conclusion

    It was found a strong correlation between land surface temperature (LST), and TCI with VHI which indicates a definite influence of thermal stress on vegetation health in the study area. The analysis of Pearson (R), and the correlation between vegetative drought indices over the 1990–2019 period in Khorasan-e-Razavi province revealed no significant differences among drought indices except P-values.  Analyzing long-term drought indices in the study area showed high thermal stress, very poor vegetation condition, and mainly weak VHI in most years of the study.  Results from this study highlight the potential for including satellite-based drought indices in agricultural decision support systems (e.g. agricultural drought early warning systems, crop yield forecasting models, or water resource management tools) complementing meteorological drought indices derived from precipitation grids.

    Keywords: LST, NDVI, VCI, TCI, VHI