پژوهش نامه اخلاق
پیاپی 54 (زمستان 1400)

One of the methods of teaching ethics, which has recently attracted the attention of researchers in the field of ethics and education and has a long history in Islamic teachings, is teaching through games, the main purpose of this article is to explain it in detail and examine the capacities and advantages of this method; With the difference that in this article, our focus is not on a specific type or case of games, but on the absolute of collective games that do not necessarily have an ethical design. Therefore, in this article, by using inference and documental methods and using library resources, after reviewing the background of indirect methods of moral education, the game is defined  and then, while enumerating a number of effective functions of the game in the moral improvement of the players, some advantages of this method over other training methods have been mentioned. Strengthening moral humility, balance between personal interest and collective interest, creating the capacity to win and finally the spirit of acceptance of failure are among the capacities of the game in moral education.

Verses from the Holy Qur'an provide a concept of social behavior mixed with ethics, which provide the right ways of life to man. Because one of the methods of semantic explanation of words is to discover the semantic relations of the word and its semantic network. In this research, with the descriptive method  with the content analysis and the use of library sources, the semantic relationship of good morals with fighting and corruption in the land was investigated; The result of the research indicates that the concept of corruption in the land, either separately from war or together with it, causes a disturbance in good morals. And this result  has many proofs, both from the point of view of the innocents (a.s.) and the opinions of jurists, and on the other hand, the war that is mentioned in the Qur'an and jurisprudence is more about war with God and the Prophet (pbuh), but in the Islamic Penal Code war (Moharebeh) is one of the crimes of violating good morals.

Motherhood as a part of women's life is a valuable stage that makes a woman have a different dignity than when she has not entered such a stage. Women's employment, as a common thing that has been valued as an economic value and a kind of social dignity for women in contemporary society, is contrary to their maternal dignity in many cases. The defenders of each of these sides of the moral conflict propose arguments. Achieving financial independence and a woman's social dignity is part of the argument of the supporters of women's employment against motherhood. In response, while evaluating the arguments of the suppoerters of women's employment, arguments can be made in favor of the moral dignity of the mother. This article, using descriptive-analytical method, shows that motherhood, while being in harmony with the spiritual and physical requirements and real needs of women, is ahead of other temporary affairs such as employment. On the other hand, women's entry into different jobs and presence in the community, if it is not aligned with their motherly role, will cause many damages to mothers and their children. If women can fulfill their social  responsibilities with the support and assistance of the family and the centrality of the main roles such as motherhood, then it can be collected between them. According to the natural, intellectual and narrative evidence in conflict situations, the dignity of a mother has priority over other roles of mothers such as employment.

The aim of the present research is to describe and discover the themes of Imam Ali's special letters to agents in the fields of personal, social and divine ethics and to determine the place of ethics in the theoretical foundations of Imam Ali by using the qualitative content analysis method. For this purpose, by using the MAXQDA theme analysis software, the letters were coded based on the theme analysis unit and divided into different categories based on the commonalities among them. The findings of the research indicate that, among all the repeaded categories, the ethical subcategories have the most frequency of the theme, ethics has a great place in the theoretical foundations of of Imam Ali. The special theme in the field of social ethics is to preserve the dignity of human beings, in the field of personal ethics, simplicity of life, and in the field of divine ethics, the theme of piety, whose meaning circle has been drawn according to the entered themes, and at the end, the training methods of Imam Ali  in order to strengthen the agents in these fields explained.

The purpose of the present comparative research is to define and explain the role of moral intelligence (Borba and Lenik's point of view) in the compatibility of spouses and to accommodate  its components with the standards and moral principles that Islam proposes in this field. For this purpose, firstly, the definition of moral intelligence in psychology and the examination of its components have been discussed, and the role of moral intelligence in marital compatibility has been explained from a scientific point of view; Then, these components have been compared and evaluated with related moral concepts in Islam And in the end, the boundaries of Islamic moral intelligence have been drawn; It can be said that the components of moral intelligence are acquired and learnable methods to establish a satisfactory relationship between spouses according to the surrounding requirements and assimilation with new experiences, which in humanistic views are man-centered and in Islam, God centered and balanced men  in line with excellence  and internal commitment to moral learning are defined.

The spread of incurable diseases has led to new spiritual conflicts and discomforts. The conflict of "self-respect" is one of the pervasive conflicts that can be seen during illness and in the form of the following proposition: "If human dignity is a God-given  why does its amount decrease in difficult conditions of illness?" Extensive research and clinical observations of the authors admit that this conflict in most cases leads to a decrease of spiritual health. The research method is qualitative and descriptive-exploratory-analytical and the information is collected through a library. The findings of the research show that there are often fundamental problems in the formation of people's beliefs around the concept of "self-respect". Therefore, correcting and forming human beliefs plays a special role in resolving and preventing conflicts.

The aim of the current research was to identify the ethics of education in virtuall space. This research was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method and virtual ethnography. The research community included elementary teachers of Khash city who were engaged in virtuall education of students in the academic year of 1399- 1400 With the consent of the teachers, the researcher became a member of their virtual class group and observed the educational training for three months. Purposive sampling method was available and data collection was through observation and semi-structured interview. The data was analyzed by inductive content analysis. According to the findings of the study, the ethical components of virtual education were classified into three dimensions and seven factors, which include: preserving privacy and human dignity, preserving peace of mind, and respecting the culture of honesty and trustworthiness. The results can be used by the policy makers and beneficiary of the country's education system to plan and adjust the macro strategies of the ethics of virtual education.

Exalted Ethical utilitarianism is one of the theories of normative ethics that has many supporters, and it can be said that today moral utilitarianism, which is one of its sub-branches, is the dominant theory in Western moral philosophy. Although virtue ethics is a theory that has been prevalent among Muslim thinkers until the present era, but with their familiarity with new theories about ethics, including consequentialism and utilitarianism, some have tried to explain the theory of Islamic ethics and show its compatibility with the Qur'an and hadiths.
Therefore, considering the importance of moral utilitarianism and its attractions, Mansour Nasiri has proposed a version of this theory that not only does not have the problems of common utilitarianism, but is also compatible with Islamic teachings, and he called it  exalted utilitarianism. In this article, in a descriptive, analytical and critical manner, in addition to a report of this interpretation and its criticism, its incompatibility with religious teachings is also shown.