نشریه پژوهشهای روان شناختی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1400)

Gastrointestinal disorders, as one of the most common physical complaints, are examples of the relationship between mental and physical health. It is estimated that about 7 to 12 percent of all visits to physicians are related to gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders. Therefore, the present study seeked to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on cognitive- emotional regulation and cognitive flexibility in gastro-intestinal patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with unbalanced control group and its sample consisted of 30 subjects (15 persons for the experimental group and 15 persons for the control group) who were selected via available sampling method. Then, the members of the experimental group underwent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for 8 sessions while the control group did not receive any treat-ment. The tests included the Cognitive-Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (CFQ). The results of covariance analysis showed that the difference between the exerimental and control groups in cognitive-emotional regu-lation were statistically significant (P<0/05). The difference between experimental and control groups in cognitive flexibility was statistically significant (P<0/05). In general, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy had a significant effect on the overall scores of cognitive-emotional regulation and cognitive flexibility of these patients

Psychology has been taught as "Elmon-Nafs" for more than a thousand years as one of the main branches of philosophy in scientific centers of Iran. In regard to Iranians' acquaintance with modern psychology Ali Akbar Siassi started teaching the first psycho-logy course at the School of Political Science. Siassi's works and services have played a significant role in the development of scientific psychology in Iran, therefore he is known as the founder and the father of modern psycho-logy in Iran. In this qualitative research, using biographical method, his scientific and cul-tural-political services were examined. The set of Siassi's activities and services can be grouped into two areas: teaching and expan-ding psychology in Iran, and improving the literacy and general culture of the inhabitants of Iran. Teaching the first psychology course founding the first psychology lab, writing the first textbook of psychology, and founding the Iranian Psychological Association, are exam-ples of the first area, and developing the legal Teacher Training Bill, and passing the Com-pulsory and Free General Education Act are examples of the latter. The combination of these actions has made Siassi a permanent figure in the history of psychology in Iran that is short, and an influential figure in the field of promoting contemporary Iranian culture.

The aim of this study was to compare the health literacy and the lifestyle of Covid-19 patients admitted to Shahid Firooz-abadi Hospital in Tehran's 20th district and non-covid-19 patients. For this purpose, 60 Covid 19 patients admitted to the hospital were compared to 60 patients with diseases other than Covid-19. To achieve this goal, two ques-tionnaires were submitted to the participants; Health literacy of Iran's Urban Population and Miller-Smith Lifestyle Assessment Ques naire. Data analysis was performed using central tendency analysis (mean), and multi-variate analysis of variance. The results showed a significant difference between these two groups on the two variables of health literacy and lifestyle. The results showed that the Covid-19 patients had a higher level of health literacy than non-covid-19 patients. It is possible that covid-19 patients attempt to gather health-related information in order to accelerate the recovery process, to prevent other family members from getting infected, to reduce the side effects of medications and the disease, have led to an increase in health literacy in this group compared to non-covid-19 patients. Also, the unfavorable conditions and the long-term side-effects of Covid-19 have caused them to experience an unpleasant lifestyle compared to non-covid-19 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of flourishing education on increasing the socio-emotional competencies of students in the first three years of primary school. The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test de-sign and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all students of the first three years of primary school in Torbat-e Heydarieh in the academic year of 2019-2020. By available sampling method, 50 male students were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 25 (experimental and control). The instrument used in this study was the Emotional - Social Competence Questionnaire (ESCQ). The experimental group underwent closed-loop training during 8 sessions of 90 minutes and 2 sessions per week and the control group remained without any interventions. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and multi-variate analysis of variance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the components of emotional-social competence in the experi-mental and control groups. There is also a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test results of the experimental group (P<0.01). Based on this, closed loop education based on prosperity can be considered as an effective way to increase the emotional and social competencies of primary school students which can be used in schools.

The purpose of this study was to pre-dict intimate attitudes and marital happiness based on self- compassion and communication skills in married female students. The research method was descriptive and of correlational type The statistical population of this study consisted of all married students of Payame Noor Uni-versity of Talesh in the second half of the aca-demic year of 2019- 2020. Among them, a sample of 210 students were selected by available sampling method who completed the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF), Communication Skills Test-Revised (CSTR), Intimate Attitude Scale (IAS(, and Marital Happiness Scale (MHS). Data were analyzed using descriptive indices, statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that the listening skills, communication with determi-nation, and insight into the communication process were able to predict sincere attitude, and explained 32% of the changes in this variable. Also, ability to receive and send messages, self-compassion, listening, emotional control, and assertiveness, predicted 63% of the marital happiness variable (P<0.01). Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that communication skills and self-compassion are related to the marital intimacy and happiness of married students and are able to predict them.

Philip George Zimbardo was born in 1933 in the US to a family of Sicilian immigrants. In 1954. He completed his B.A. with a triple major in Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. During his master's degree studies he was under the influence of Carl Hovland who conducted research on the effect of propanda on soldiers during the war. For his Ph.D. disertation he studied the factors influen-cing opinion conformity. In 1957, he completed his Ph.D. in Psychology. He is well respected for his Stanford Prison Study. However, Zimbardo's research has concerned many areas of psychology. His research has been mainly centered on the issue of how good peaple can do evil deeds and how the power of the social situation can overwhelm and distort the values and behavior of individuals. His other areas of interest include shyness and motivation.