نشریه امامت پژوهی
پیاپی 30 (پاییز و زمستان 1400)

One of the most challenging issues in the field of Imamate is the principle of Imamate. Many Sunnis consider monotheism, prophethood and resurrection as the principles of religion and consider Imamate as one of the jurisprudential issues in the field of religion. Unlike them, Imams consider this doctrine as one of the pillars and principles of religion. In addition to the many hadiths that testify to the authenticity of the Imamate in the sources of the narrations of the sects, this issue should be explored from a source such as the Holy Qur'an, which is accepted by all Muslims. This article intends to seek the view of the Holy Qur'an on the issue of the principle of Imamate by using the method of Ahl al-Jadal, using authentic Sunni interpretive sources and interpretive narrations. In this article, after stating the meanings of basic words, the principle of Imamate in the Holy Quran is discussed. Three categories of luminous verses; The superiority of the position of Imamate over prophecy such as verse " قال إنی جاعلک للناس إماما…", the duties of the prophets in society such as verse "و جعلنا منهم ائمه یهدون‏ بامرنا" and the similarities of the Qur'an such as verse "ثم استوی‏ علی العرش…" are verses that help to prove the principle of Imamate. Has been searched.

Sajjadiyya prayers in addition to being a medium for receiving divine knowledge, include interpretive functions. The present study examines the doctrine of Imamate in Sahifa Sajjadieh based on the Quranic themes in Imam Sajjad's phrases. For this purpose, with a descriptive-analytical method and an intertextual approach, the fundamental question is answered: what are the functions of the prayers of Sahifa Sajjadiyya in explaining the Quranic verses on the subject of Imamate? Using the Qur'an, Imam Sajjad has dealt with important theological issues of the Imamate, the most important of which are explaining the guidance of the Imam, the necessity of the existence of the Imam, the divinity of the position of Imamate, the infallibility of the Imam and the necessity of following him. Based on the results obtained from the research, three types of functions of verse interpretation, verse explanation and also verse adaptation have had a significant frequency. The functions of interpreting the verses in the field of argumentation about the knowledge and infallibility of the Imam and the necessity of obedience to the Imam as well as the argumentation about the Imam's leadership in society have been evident. .

The question of to what extent and to what extent the theological presuppositions of a historian have influenced his historiography and what factors and contexts have shaped this influence is one of the basic questions that have been raised in the discussions related to Islamic historiography. The answer to this question is important because its solution is an accurate picture of the basic question of what are the limits and the do's and don'ts of the effect of theological presuppositions on historiography. Examining the evidence in the history of Islamic historiography and the sources written in this knowledge by descriptive and analytical methods proves the hypothesis that Islamic historiography is affected in various dimensions from the author to the choice of subject, description and analysis of events and finally writing the text in many cases. It has been one of the theological presuppositions of historians. Also factors such as the emergence and growth of Islamic historiography in the context of theological needs, the spread of Islamic historiography in the political context, religious prejudices of historians, the dominance of specific cultural and social approaches, lack of accurate historical sources and reports and the need to rely on non-historical sources. The holy figures in historical events and, finally, the continuity and inseparability of history from other sciences, have provided the ground for the realization of these interventions

One of these immutable divine traditions is the tradition of succession, which refers to the rule of the divine saints on earth. Based on this ancient tradition, which according to the Holy Quran has been practiced in different nations, the Messenger of God (PBUH) also introduced Imam Ali (AS) as his successor. The present article seeks to answer the question on what basis can be proven the flow of the tradition of succession in the succession of Ali (AS) from the Messenger of God (PBUH)? In order to answer this question, interpretive, historical and narrative data were collected by library method and explained by descriptive-analytical method. Explaining the collected data showed that referring to and specifying the succession of Imam Ali (AS) by the Messenger of God (PBUH) was a practice in his life and that Imam, referring to the divine tradition in the field of choosing a successor for the divine prophets, in times Various people have specified the succession of Imam Ali (as).

In order to obtain the idea of ​​Imamate in a theological school, one must name the legacy left from that school in three areas: "What is Imamate", "Attributes of Imam" and "The way of determining and recognizing Imam" which is named "Imamate". Are examined.The theological, intellectual current of the Hillah school, which was formed on the basis of the thought of Sadid al-Din al-Homsi and influenced by the principles of the late Sayyid Morteza and the Mu'tazilites, was introduced over three centuries with the introduction of philosophical terms and arguments by Mohaghegh Tusi, and the development of rational reasons by Ibn Maysam Bahrani. The taking of narrative reasons along with rational arguments by Allameh Halli and Fasal Meqdad reached its perfection.What has been achieved in this article by the library method is that in the field of "what is Imamate" the same Homsi principles were presented with further development and deepening, and in the field of "Imam's attributes" the rational reasons for the necessity of attributes were increased by Ibn Maysam Bahrani and Allameh Halli Using narrative reasons, they presented other arguments. In the field of "the way of determining and recognizing the Imam", the elders of this current have considered the text and miracle as the only way to know the Imam and have criticized the theory of choice (Sunnis) and invitation (Zaydiyya) with various arguments.

Mahdism has varieties of meaning in the Muslim world, Imamite Muslims, believe that Imam Muhammad Al-Mahdi, the twelfth Imam who was born in 9th century AD is still alive and will come back in the promised day to establish a heavenly world on earth. The purpose of the reappearance of Imam Mahdi is development of the human wisdom regard to Allah and the universe. Another meaning of Mahdism among Muslim sects, consist of a kingdom, that Mahdi would reign over it and destroy the enemies. In this article, we exercise the elements of Mahdism in the written sources of Imamite Muslim, and show how the belief on Imam Mahdi, diffused to the Persian society gently. Through the Material culture, we illustrate how the Imamite belief on Imam Mahdi recognized by rulers of Persia.

One of the drawbacks of AhlalSunnah due to the hadith of Ghadir on the Imamate is that the AmiralMu'minin does not object to this hadith.In response, the Imams consider his martyrdom to the hadith of Ghadir in Rahba as a protest against the Imamate.Due to the wide reflection of these narrations in the Musnad of AhmadIbnHanbal and the validity and importance of this book in the eyes of the Sunnis,the narrations of martyrdom in this book have been examined in terms of text,document and meaning.The strength of the text has been proven.The issuance of narrations of martyrdom is not in doubt and the fame and multiplicity of narrators and the methods of these narrations have been shown;Nevertheless,the narrations of Musnad have been carefully examined by the rijals,one by one, with regard to the rijali principles of the AhlalSunnah and most of them have been verified.The context and occasion of the mentioned objection,accuracy in the concept of martyrdom and the method of the Imam in seeking martyrdom,Abu alTofil's doubt about the words of the Imam and the concealment of the Companions and the curse of the Imam against him, have been presented as evidence that show the martyrdom of the Prophet Ghadir as The text was on the Imamate.The suspicions of the Sunnis about the non-issuance of narrations and the implication of the narrations of martyrdom on the Imamate and carrying martyrdom on the request of victory and help have not been dealt with the necessary strength and have been criticized.

not Aman hadiths as another basis of Imamiyya beliefs are another reason to prove the superiority and superiority of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) over others, especially the Companions, which proves their legitimacy for the caliphate and succession of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Imamate over the people. N. The hadiths known as "Aman" in Sunni sources are accepted narrations in which "Ahl al-Bayt" and "Sahaba" with different words from the Holy Prophet, peace be upon him, are the source of security for the ummah or the people of the earth or as guiding stars. have been introduced; This article, by validating all the documents and methods of this hadith and examining the contradictions, has proved the correct and original narration of this prophetic hadith in the safety of the Ahl al-Bayt, unlike the Companions.This article is an attempt to prove the monopoly of the position of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) in providing security and salvation to the ummah. He has denied the companions and emphasized their superiority according to the narrative texts

The "Leiden Encyclopedia of the Qur'an" is the most complete Islamic collection available in English, in five volumes and over 1000 articles. "Safin article" as one of the entries in the field of Shiism and the history of early Islam, contains points that can be criticized and in conflict with narrative sources. Therefore, the present study has descriptively-analytically reviewed this article based on Nahj al-Balaghah, its explanations and historical sources. Improper topics such as expressing the dual orientation of Imam Ali (AS) in retaliating against the killers of Uthman as the main reason for starting the war, comparing Amr al-As' deception to the behavior of Imam (AS) in the battle of Jaml, using vague and ambiguous words during arbitration and cowardly considering Uthman's murder These are the points that can be examined in the "Safin article". The findings showed that; Ms. Maria Dakakeh, the author of Safin's article, did not consider Nahj al-Balaghah as the most important work and did not use it scientifically and comprehensively, even though she used authentic historical books. Also, the use of vague and ambiguous words in the article has caused misunderstanding and distortion of the face of Imam (AS).

150 The Islamic community has chosen different approaches in dealing with the issue of the Prophet's succession. Some believe in the "prescribed Imamate" and others believe that their succession is left to the people. Among the documentaries of the first group is the statement of the invitation of Prophet Mohammad from the tribe of "Bani Amer Ibn Sa'sa" in the Meccan period. According to the historical sources, in response to the mentioned tribe, which made the surrender of the Prophet's successor a condition for their acceptance of Islam, the Prophet emphasized on divine leadership. This article examines the report according to the principles of Sunni rijali, with the method of external and internal criticism, explores the validity of this narration. According to the research findings, in addition to the authenticity of the narrators, some weaknesses have been expressed by Sunni scholars, which according to Sunni rijali principles are not effective in criticizing them, and its content is compatible with the Qur'an, prophetic narrations and reason. Hence the report in question is valid; And based on that, the prophetic effort to express the divine Imamate can be proved.

"Political legitimacy" is the most important issue of political theology. The theory of "violence and domination" is one of the views of legitimacy in the political theology of the Ash'arites and Hadithists; According to this view, if a person gains power through coercion and domination over others, his Imamate and rule will have legitimacy. The present article deals with the historical explanation of the view of the Ash'arite theologians on violence and domination, as well as the expression of their arguments in proving this view and criticizing it. Accordingly, the basic research questions are what is meant by the perspective of violence and domination? What are the Ash'arite and Hadithists arguments for proving legitimacy through coercion and domination, and how are they evaluated? This article analyzes the above issues with a descriptive-analytical approach and using valid theological, hadith and historical sources of the Sunnis and Jama'at and has come to the conclusion that the main point of view and their arguments are with basic problems such as the authority of the Companions, lack of distinction between legitimacy. The politics and duty of the people, the discovery of violence and overcoming divine pleasure, the paradoxical nature of violence and domination, as well as verses and hadiths that indicate the need to confront the oppressive ruler.