فصلنامه ایده های نوین روانشناسی
سال هفتم شماره 18 (پاییز 1401)

The purpose of this research is the effectiveness of self-compassion group training on the resilience of parents of autistic children in Ardabil city. The current research is practical in terms of its purpose. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research is all parents of autistic children in Ardabil city in 1401. Available sampling method, 60 people were included in the study from among the qualified volunteers and they were randomly replaced in two groups of 30 people (self-compassion training and control). In order to carry out the research, referring to the welfare center and selecting the sample size with written consent and assigning them to the experimental and control groups, the research questionnaires were implemented as a group on the people present in the research. Self-compassion training was done on the intervention test groups, while the control group did not receive this training. The self-compassion-based treatment intervention program was implemented in eight 90-minute training sessions, one session a week for two and a half months. Connor and Davidson's resilience questionnaire was used to collect data. The data collected in the pre-test and post-test stages were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance. The findings of the research showed that in the variable of perception of individual competence (F=47.94), trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions (F=33.33), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (F=11.12), Control (F = 12.90), spiritual effects (F = 50.32) and resilience (F = 97.53) in the post-test scores, there is a significant difference between the control and experimental groups (p>0.01).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual education on students' moral judgment during the coronary heart disease epidemic. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study included first and second year high school students, of which the sample size was considered using Morgan table and simple random sampling method. Data collection tools in this study were two questionnaires of virtual education of patriots and colleagues (2016), and the questionnaire of moral judgment of Sesinaha and Varma (1998). The validity of the instrument was analyzed and confirmed through apparent validity and content. Also, Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the instrument, which was higher than 0.7 reported to indicate the reliability of the instrument. Data analysis was performed based on structural equation modeling. The results showed that virtual education has a significant effect on students' moral judgment during coronary heart disease.

risky behaviors of young people is one of the most important health and social issues in today's societies that affect the individual, family and society.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental supervision and control and religious beliefs with a tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all adolescents aged 16 to 18 years in Zabol in 2022 that 150 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. To collect data, the parental control tool (Campiz and Partners,1986 ) was used to measure religious beliefs (Zare and Partners,2011 ). Research data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression in SPSS software version24.

There is no relationship between family supervision and tendency to risky behaviors because a significant value of more than 0/05 has been obtained. But there is a connection between religious beliefs and the tendency to risky behaviors because the sign of a positive correlation coefficient and their value is close to one.

Inhibition is an important factor that intensifies the desire for risk-taking.  Also, strengthening religious beliefs to perform religious rituals has an important role in preventing risky behaviors.

The family is the most basic social institution in terms of age, and in terms of its scope, it is the most universal social institution, this shows that forming a family is one of the most basic and natural human needs. The first step to satisfy this basic and natural need is marriage. Despite the pleasantness of the marriage bond, the satisfaction of the couple is not easily achieved, and as a result, the strongest human bond, marriage, in its strongest base, the family system, may be in serious danger.

The present study is a randomized controlled trial using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group having the usual care of a standard study. The statistical population of the current study was made up of all women with marital conflicts who referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2011. In this research, two adult attachment scales, the Kansas Marital Conflict Scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance) and spss-19 statistical software were used to analyze the data. became.

In the first part, the descriptive findings of the research were mentioned, and in the second part, the research findings were mentioned from the perspective of inferential statistics. Here, the variables of secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles were used. In an inferential finding, the normality of data distribution is one of the most important presuppositions of all parametric tests such as covariance analysis. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the distribution of the variables in the pre-test and post-test.

The results of the present study showed that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy of attachment styles is effective in women with marital conflicts.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional regulation and aggression in adolescents. The statistical population of this research includes all teenagers in Tehran in 1400, using Morgan's table for an unlimited population, the number of sample members is 384, and they were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The main data of this research was obtained using the emotional regulation questionnaire of Garnevsky et al. (2001) and aggression questionnaire of Bass and Perry (1992). Descriptive statistics (central indices, dispersion) and inferential statistics of Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used in data analysis. The results of the research, through correlation and regression tests, indicated that emotional regulation is related to aggression in teenagers. Also, the results showed that the factors of self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, underestimating, acceptance, positive refocusing and re-evaluation of planning (emotional regulation subscales) have a significant relationship with aggression and are able to predict aggression.

Sometimes, life’s problems and difficulties disturb the person’s adaptation and as a result, their mental balance causes mental disorders. This paper examines the effect of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy on the reduction of psychological symptoms in individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder(ASPD). This is a randomized controlled trial using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group having the usual care of a standard study paper. The statistical population consists of all male prisoners with antisocial personality disorder aged 19-45 at Semnan prison. Data was collected using Symptom Check List - 90- Revised and Ryff’s scale of Psychological well-being. This paper's analysis is based on Descriptive statistics (Mean and Standard Deviation) and inferential statistics (Co-variance Analysis) and SPSS-19 statistical software. Examining the mean difference of each of the components of psychological symptoms in the intervention group (intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy) and the control group indicates a significant difference between both groups in the components of independence, self-mastery, personal growth, positive communication with others, purposeful life, self-acceptance, and psychological well-being, by removing the effect of pre-tests. The result shows that psychodynamic therapy allows the expression of emotions caused by stress in a safe environment with no feeling of rejection by the therapist, which leads to improvements in patients. Schedler (2010) believes that psychodynamic therapy, in addition to high insight and meaningful effectiveness, leads to long-term improvement in patients. This method, through a corrective emotional experience, allows a person to have the opportunity in a suitable environment to face what he has avoided throughout his life and to overcome the non-adaptive ways of interaction with himself and others (one of the components of psychological well-being).

The present study aimed to determine the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between self-actualization, forgiveness, and marital spiritual experiences. This research is of the correlation type and the statistical population of the present study was formed by all couples with troubled relationships who were referred to the centers of the Tehran Dispute Resolution council in 2017, among them 410 people were selected as samples by one-stage cluster sampling method. The research tools are the forgiveness questionnaire (Rai et al, 2001), self-actualization questionnaire (Jones and Crandall, 1968 ), spiritual experiences questionnaire(Underwood and Tersey, 2002), and emotional regulation questionnaire (Gratz and Romer,2004), all of which are reliable. The results of the path analysis showed that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between emotional regulation, forgiveness, and self-actualization, and between spiritual experiences and self-actualization. It can be concluded that with the promotion of forgiveness, spiritual development and self-actualization, the ability to regulate emotions increases, and as a result, problems such as marital conflicts are reduced. From this finding, it is possible to suggest the use of training programs to promote self-actualization, forgiveness, and emotional regulation of couples.

In today's society, a phenomenon called single-parent family is seen more than in the past and it occurs for reasons such as death, imprisonment, disappearance of one of the parents, or divorce and separation between parents. Children who live with one of their parents face the lack of the other parent, and this problem can create problems for them, of which anxiety is only a small example. Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that usually occurs due to the repetition of past stressful situations. In this study, the effectiveness of play therapy on the anxiety of single-parent children has been investigated. Using the experimental method, 40 people were selected from among the studied subjects by purposive sampling method. In order to collect and validate the data, Spence's anxiety questionnaire was used, and after scoring the questionnaire and extracting the data, using SPSS-V21 software and taking the help of the one-factor and multi-factor covariance analysis statistical test to analyze and Data analysis has been done.The findings showed that play therapy is effective in reducing anxiety and its components (failure, physical aggression, relationships with authority figures and relationships with peers).

The purpose of the present study was to investigate self-regulation skill training on increasing the preparation for the exam of high school female students in the 15th district of Tehran. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the female students of the first grade of high school in Tehran in the academic year 2011-2012, from among them, using the multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 30 students who had high grades of academic procrastination were selected and randomly replaced in the experimental group (15) and the control group (15). The participants of the experimental group were taught 10 sessions of self-regulated learning strategies. Solomon and Rathblum (1986) academic procrastination questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analyzed through covariance statistical test. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, so that the teaching of self-regulated learning strategies was effective in increasing students' preparation for the exam. Therefore, it can be concluded that teaching self-regulated learning strategies has an effect on increasing students' exam preparation.

The purpose of the current research is to investigate the effectiveness of paradox therapy on components of psychological well-being of conflicted couples in Abadeh city. The method of this research was semi-experimental, with a pre-test and post-test design with two control and control groups. The statistical population of this research is all conflicted couples. Abadeh city welfare center, in order to carry out the research, a sample of 20 couples was selected from among these couples using available sampling method.

A pre-test was performed on all people using psychological well-being questionnaire, and after the pre-test, paradox therapy sessions were performed for the experimental group, and after 6 sessions of both the experimental and control groups, the post-test was performed. Then the scores were obtained. The questionnaire were analyzed using spss software and univariate covariance analysis.

And the findings showed that there is a significant difference between the test group and the control group in the different stages of measurement in the psychological well-being component (F=17.259) and couples paradox therapy has an effect on the psychological well-being of conflicted couples. Also, there is a significant difference in the variables of positive communication (F=6.498) and purposefulness (F=1.117) and paradox therapy has been effective in improving these two components.

The results of the research indicated that paradox therapy has been effective in improving psychological well-being and positive communication and purposefulness of conflicted couples in Abadeh city .

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of enhancing visual and auditory memory on the writing disorder of the first students of 8-10 year old boys with mental disabilities. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with a control group. The population of the study group included 24 students of all first grade students with teachable mental retardation in the exceptional school of District 1 of Tehran, who were studied in the age group of 8 to 10 years. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 25 minutes of reinforcement and the control group did not receive any reinforcement. The instrument of the present study was a researcher-made writing disorder test. The data of this study were used using multivariate analysis of covariance to test the effects of pretest on posttest. The results showed that the strengthening of visual and auditory memory has an effect on the writing disorder of the first students of teachable mental retardation in boys aged 8-10 years.

This research was carried out as the prediction of students' academic burnout based on the time perspective and maladaptive schemas of student. The research method is applied in terms of its purpose, and the data collection method is Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. The statistical population of this study is all students of Islamic Azad University of Ghods city, which is 2300 people. The sample size was 250 people and selected by convenience sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire that the questionnaire was a 15-item questionnaire for students' high school burnout. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of reliability of 0.83 .A 56-item Zimbardo Time Schedule Index and a short-form questionnaire of Yang's short form questionnaire were selected. Content validity of the questionnaires and data was analyzed by SPSS software. In the descriptive statistics section, using statistical indices such as flare, percentage, mean, and standard deviation , and inferential statistics for testing the hypotheses of the research, Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used. The results showed that in the first hypothesis, between the dimensions of the perspective of time, the negative past, and the future, and pleasure present negatively and significantly predict academic burnout in the students. In the second hypothesis test, it was concluded that among the dimensions of early maladaptive schemas, cuts / rejections, ear cramps and disrupted constraints predict the students' academic burnout positively and significantly.

The purpose of the current research is to predict separation anxiety based on parental mentalization with the mediating role of emotion regulation. The research method is correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study included all the third to fifth elementary students and their mothers in Tehran in the academic year of 1401-1400, and 160 of them were selected as a sample using multi-stage cluster sampling. . The measurement tools in this research were separation anxiety questionnaires (parent version) by Han et al. (2003), parental mentalization by Leviten et al. (2017) and emotion regulation by Gross and John (2003), all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, two descriptive (central and dispersion indices) and inferential (structural equations) methods were used using SPSS-V24 and Lisrel-V8.8 software. The results showed that parental mentalization can directly and indirectly (with the mediating role of emotion regulation) predict separation anxiety. In general, the research results indicated that emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between separation anxiety and parental mentalization.

The present study aimed to clarifying teachers' beliefs about discipline and students' reactions to discipline strategies. the research method was descriptive of the type of correlation The statistical community consisted of teachers and girl and boy students of the elementary sixth-grade of public schools in district 5 of Tehran in the 1398 - 1397 academic year .the sample of the study consisted of 335 students and 10 elementary sixth-grade teachers that selected by cluster sampling method and were distributed among them questionnaires . three questionnaires were used to collect data . A questionnaire 25 questions, Martin ( 2000) was used to measure teachers' disciplinary beliefs. A questionnaire 24 questions, Lewis (2001) was used to measure the disciplinary strategies of teachers and to measure students ' reactions to discipline strategies was used a 10 questions questionnaire, Lewis (2006). According to the research findings, the provision of classroom laws and students 'knowledge of the laws was the dominant belief of teachers in the classroom and teachers ' approach to disciplinary styles tended toward intervention approach . In terms of students , teachers are more likely to use conversation strategies and to use the strategy of aggression on the final priority of teachers. The more reaction that students showed against their teachers’ disciplinary strategies was a distraction of task, that this reaction had a positive relationship with the elements of punishment and aggression and negative relation with the components of their decision, making reward, conversation and notification , but there was no significant difference between the students ' reactions to the disciplinary strategies of teachers . Also, we examined the difference between the disciplinary strategies of teachers in terms of male and female students , and there was a significant difference between the notification and the punishment among girls and boys. In terms of boy students, teachers were more likely to use punishment strategies, and female students believed that their teachers used more notification strategies. There was no significant difference between male and female students in applying other disciplinary strategies.

This research was carried out as the prediction of students' academic burnout based on the time perspective and maladaptive schemas of student. The research method is applied in terms of its purpose, and the data collection method is Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. The statistical population of this study is all students of Islamic Azad University of Ghods city, which is 2300 people. The sample size was 250 people and selected by convenience sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire that the questionnaire was a 15-item questionnaire for students' high school burnout. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of reliability of 0.83 .A 56-item Zimbardo Time Schedule Index and a short-form questionnaire of Yang's short form questionnaire were selected. Content validity of the questionnaires and data was analyzed by SPSS software. In the descriptive statistics section, using statistical indices such as flare, percentage, mean, and standard deviation , and inferential statistics for testing the hypotheses of the research, Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used. The results showed that in the first hypothesis, between the dimensions of the perspective of time, the negative past, and the future, and pleasure present negatively and significantly predict academic burnout in the students. In the second hypothesis test, it was concluded that among the dimensions of early maladaptive schemas, cuts / rejections, ear cramps and disrupted constraints predict the students' academic burnout positively and significantly.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on the cognitive regulation of emotion in secondary school students. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all male students of the second secondary level of Mofid High School in Tehran. The subjects of the research were first selected by purposeful sampling in the number of 30 students and then randomly assigned to two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The purpose of mindfulness training in this research was to present Kabat-Zinn et al.'s (1992) mindfulness training method, which was presented to the experimental group in 8 sessions, each session lasting 60 minutes. The meaning of cognitive regulation of emotion in this research was the score obtained by subjects in the 36-question questionnaire of cognitive regulation of emotion by Garnevsky (2001). After conducting the pre-test in both groups and completing the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires, mindfulness training was provided to the experimental group in 8 sessions, each session lasting 60 minutes, and then the subjects were given a post-test.The obtained information was analyzed by covariance analysis using SPSS V_23 software. The results showed that mindfulness training improves the positive cognitive regulation of students' emotions (P<0.05). However, mindfulness training did not have a significant effect on improving negative emotion cognitive regulation skills. Considering the effectiveness of mindfulness training on the positive cognitive regulation of emotion, the officials of educational counseling centers and schools should benefit from the results of this research, because the need to use educational and psychological interventions, including mindfulness training, for better results will bring in the process of managing emotions.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and primary maladaptive schemas with different dimensions of marital communication: investigating the mediating role of cognitive insight.

The current research design was correlation (regression). The statistical population of the current study consisted of all the married people of Isfahan city, of which 563 people were selected as the sample size using Baron Kenny's formula and included in the study. The research tools included Collins and Reed's adult attachment style questionnaire, primary maladaptive schemas questionnaire (short form), Enrich couple questionnaire and Beck's cognitive insight scale, which had good validity and reliability.

The results of the research showed that secure attachment had the greatest role in predicting communication with a standardized regression coefficient of -0.245. which, in the presence of cognitive insight variable, has a role in predicting communication with a standardized regression coefficient of -0.140. Also, cognitive insight plays a mediating role in the relationship between primary schemas and different aspects of marital communication. Disturbed borderline with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.95 had the greatest role in predicting communication. The alertness variable with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.192 and the self-management variable with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.089 had a significant role in predicting communication in the presence of the cognitive insight variable.

Depression and generalized anxiety disorders are among the most common and attention-grabbing disorders among specialists. The present study was to explore the components of mindfulness, negative spontaneous thoughts, and emotional control among healthy individuals and people with depression and generalized anxiety.

The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population of the study included all the people who referred to Rasti psychological centers in Isfahan city. After performing anxiety and depression screening and diagnostic tests on clients, 120 people were selected as convenience sampling; 30 people with depression, 30 people with anxiety and 60 healthy people. The tools used in this research included Autonomic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Brown and Ryan Mindfulness Questionnaire (MMAS), Wells and Davis Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ), Beck Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Questionnaire 7th edition.

The results showed that the Average and The standard deviation of negative thoughts, mental research, performance, were respectively 59.42 and 26.63, 61.27 and 11.61, 8.14 and 5.35, 6.73 and 82. People with depression, generalized anxiety and healthy people showed significant differences in the scales of mindfulness and negative spontaneous thoughts (P>0.05) and did not show significant differences in the scale of emotional control (P>0.05).

As a result of these findings, treatment strategies can be focused on effective and more accurate components to increase the effectiveness of treatment for the mentioned disorders.

One of the important issues regarding the students was the investigation of behavioral problems and their reduction. One of the most prominent factors that played a special role in reducing behavioral problems were teachers, who can play an important role in reducing students' behavioral problems by adopting correct methods. The main purpose of the research was to investigate the role of the teacher in reducing the problems and issues of the students. Behavioral-emotional problems of students were associated with a high rate of social problems and caused many problems for teachers, families and children themselves, therefore, it required special attention of the authorities and education workers. In this regard, positive behavioral support and intervention was a type of educational approach that could be a way to reduce and eliminate behavioral-emotional problems of students. . This article, which was prepared using a review method and using sites, articles, previous researches, etc., showed that positive behavioral support and intervention was an approach to increase social behavior, improve long-term consequences of life in the future, and reduce challenging behaviors that It could be a suitable alternative to traditional punishment approaches.

Attachment style is one of the effective factors in interpersonal interactions, which is formed as a result of a person's relationships with attachment figures (parents, peers, and spouse) and significantly affects the performance and marital relationship. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment style with marital adjustment in married students. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection. The statistical population included all married students of all levels of Azad University, Tehran branch in 2016, of which 184 people were considered as the sample size using Cochran's formula and available sampling method. Data collection was based on four standard questionnaires of marital adjustment (Locke-Wallace, 1959) and attachment styles (Hazen and Shaver, 1987). Analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of questionnaires was done through SPSS20 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression). The results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between secure attachment style and marital adjustment of students. There is a negative and significant relationship between avoidant attachment style and marital adjustment of students. Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between ambivalent attachment style and marital adjustment of students. Therefore, it can be concluded that with pre-marriage counseling and determining their attachment style and marital compatibility, it is possible to predict and if necessary, provide the necessary training to achieve more satisfaction and compatibility in life.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement in fourth grade students. The research method was applied according to the objective and descriptive-correlation according to the data collection method. The statistical population included a number of female students of the fourth grade of primary school in Quds city in the academic year 2018-2019, of which 80 students were selected by non-random-purposive sampling method. Bar-on (1986) and Pham and Taylor's (1994) academic achievement questionnaire were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was calculated using content validity and also reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and the results indicated the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. Data analysis was done through descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation coefficient test) using Spss-V23 software. The findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement (R=0.36). In general, it can be concluded that the education organization and teachers can influence the academic progress of students by strengthening and promoting emotional intelligence in childhood with organized plans.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with cognitive - behavioral approach and reality therapy on reducing emotional divorce and irrational beliefs of couples referring to Parsabad counseling centers. The research method was quasi-experimenta l pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included couples referring to counseling centers in Parsabad city, the number of couples in the last quarter of 1400 is equal to 250 couples. From the statistical population, 148 couples were selected randomly based on Morgan table. Then, the 45 couples who received the highest scores by answering the Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire and the Guttman Emotional Divorce Questionnaire were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 couples (two experimental groups and one control group). In order to analyze the obtained data, multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS22 software were used. The results showed that teaching cognitive-behavioral approach and reality therapy has a different and significant effect on reducing emotional divorce and irrational beliefs of couples (P <0.05). Findings of the present study indicate that cognitive-behavioral approach and reality therapy have been effective in reducing emotional divorce and irrational beliefs of couples and in counseling centers these therapeutic approaches can be used to improve marital life and reduce emotional divorce and irrational beliefs between couples.

The family is the most basic social institution in terms of age, and in terms of its scope, it is the most universal social institution, this shows that forming a family is one of the most basic and natural human needs. The first step to satisfy this basic and natural need is marriage. Despite the pleasantness of the marriage bond, the satisfaction of the couple is not easily achieved, and as a result, the strongest human bond, marriage, in its strongest base, the family system, may be in serious danger.

The present study is a randomized controlled trial using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group having the usual care of a standard study. The statistical population of the current study was made up of all women with marital conflicts who referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2011. In this research, two adult attachment scales, the Kansas Marital Conflict Scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance) and spss-19 statistical software were used to analyze the data. became.

In the first part, the descriptive findings of the research were mentioned, and in the second part, the research findings were mentioned from the perspective of inferential statistics. Here, the variables of secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles were used. In an inferential finding, the normality of data distribution is one of the most important presuppositions of all parametric tests such as covariance analysis. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the distribution of the variables in the pre-test and post-test.

The results of the present study showed that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy of attachment styles is effective in women with marital conflicts.