Journal of Current Oncology and Medical Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Autumn 2021

 Social components play a role in promoting the health of people, especially people with cancer, one of which is social capital. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the association of social capital with depression in patients with various types of cancer in the early stages of treatment.

 This study is a descriptive-analytical study and was performed on 170 patients with various cancers admitted to the oncology ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaires, Beck depression questionnaire and Onyx and Bullen social capital questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient, Chi-square and t-test were used to analyze the data by using SPSS software.

 The mean age of 170 patients participating in this study was 54.3±15.28 years, of which 93 (54.7%) were male and the rest were female. The mean of depression in patients was   17.10±37.48 which is in the range of mild depression. The mean social capital of patients was 110.02±22.64, which indicates moderate social capital. According to Pearson correlation coefficient test, there is a significant inverse association between social capital and depression (p=0.000 and r = -0.59).

 Regarding to results, it is suggested that the establishment of non-governmental organizations, associations, social organizations and informal organizations to increase the social participation of cancer patients.

 Klebsiella pneumoniae is known as one of the most important factors in the development of opportunistic infections. The main problem in the treatment of infections caused by these organisms is the emergence of strains with multiple resistance, which often leads to prolonged hospital stays, increased mortality and mobility, increased treatment costs compared to antibiotic-sensitive microbes, and ultimately treatment failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CTX-M, OXA  and KPC genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates obtained from patients.

 In this study, 63 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were obtained from different clinical specimens. After final diagnosis of the strains using standard biochemical and microbiological methods, cellular DNA was obtained using Cinaclon's DNA extraction kit. Finally, multiplex-PCR test was performed to evaluate the presence of OXA -48, CTX-M and KPC genes in Eppendorf device using a pair of specific primers.

 Out of 63 samples under study, 29 samples (46%) from urine, 15 samples (23.8%) from sputum, 9 samples (41.3%) from fecal samples, 5 samples (7.9%) from wound culture and 4 samples (6.3%) were obtained from intravascular catheter of blood culture and 1 (1.6%) sample was obtained from cerebrospinal fluid. The results of PCR test for the studied genes showed that 49 (77.8%), 49 (77.8%) and 46 (73%) strains carried OXA, KPC and CTX-M genes, respectively.

 The results of this study indicate that the frequency of resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae strain is high and these strains can transfer resistance genes with high potential to other strains. Therefore, detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains containing beta-lactamase resistance enzymes is important for better treatment and prevention of the spread of these genes to other bacteria using accurate phenotypic and genotypic methods.

 COVID disease is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS - CoV-2) and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome in patients. From arrival to proliferation in the deep part of the lung can be classified into three stages. Most people get only a mild form of the disease, but up to 20% of the virus may penetrate deep into the lungs and cause hypoxia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This study provides an overview of the main treatment strategies that have been performed to date in randomized, clinical, and experimental controlled trials of COVID-19 in pubmed and Google Scholar databases. From 453 identified studies, after eliminating irrelevant and duplicate cases, 64 clinical trials were selected to extract the data. And we examined the drugs that were most effective. Due to the clinical trials of drugs with different pharmacological properties, none of them have a definite effect on the treatment of Covid 19 disease, and among them, only Ramdsavir and Barstenib are licensed for emergency use. Mulnipevirovir and Pexlovid have had good clinical trials but have not yet received final FDA approval.

 Medical malpractice is a type of treatment that fails to reach the standards of conventional medical treatment and as a result, the patient suffers injury. In addition to affecting the health of individuals, medical malpractice also has negative effects on the physicians’ personal and social life. Studies show that despite advances in technology and medical sciences the number of malpractice complaints is increasing, according to studies, the highest count of malpractice complaints referred in the Legal medicine organization in Iran has been done against orthopedic specialists, which indicates the necessity of the present study.

 In this descriptive and retrospective study, all complaints of medical malpractice in the field of orthopedics archived in the Legal Medicine Organization during 1391-1396 was examined. The method of data collection was through checklists and information gathered from the archived complaint files.

 Based on the findings of this study, from the beginning of 1391 to the end of 1396, 67 complaints were registered about orthopedic surgery. 49 patients were male and 18 were female. 17 were single and the rest were married. Of these, 40 patients were treated in public university centers, 10 in non-university government centers, and 17 in private centers. Of surgeries 17 were emergencies and 50 were elective. The site of injury in 29 patients was the upper limb and shoulder and 38 the lower limbs and pelvis. In total, out of 67 registered complaints, 38 were acquitted and 29 cases were found guilty of medical malpractice.

 Among the registered surgery complaints in the Legal Medicine Organization of Guilan Province, the highest number of complaints were of surgeries operated on male patients. In addition, the highest number of complaints from married patients were related to cosmetic surgeries, elective surgeries, and surgeries performed in public university centers. More than 50% of the verdicts issued, held the practitioner responsible for medical malpractice. Malpractice verdicts had no significant correlation with the variables that were observed in this study.

 Erb-Duchenne paralysis is the most common form of neonatal brachial plexus palsy. Cesarean section is one of the protective factors in Erb paralysis.

 The data were related to mothers who gave birth by both natural and cesarean section during the study period in Al-Zahra Hospital in Rasht, as well as their infants. The number of cases of Erb paralysis during one-month periods was identified and for the mentioned period, the interrupted time series analysis or ITSA method was calculated and its changes were measured. Other variables including maternal age at delivery, weight of newborns at birth and total number of deliveries by delivery method were extracted and recorded from the maternity and neonatal registry.

 In this study, 7 cases of neonatal paralysis were recorded, which indicates an incidence of 0.17 cases per 1000 births, of which 6 cases were registered after the implementation of the Health Transformation Plan. Considering the confounding variables, the number of cases of Erb paralysis during the period after the implementation of the health system transformation plan has an upward trend compared to before its implementation, which according to P = 0.079, this difference with a 90% confidence interval is significant. have been. Also, deliveries performed by cesarean section have increased from 60.1% before the transformation plan to 64.1% after the transformation plan.

 This study showed that the incidence of Erb paralysis in Al-Zahra Center is lower than other incidence in other studies in other countries. Also, due to its higher incidence in normal deliveries, in addition to reducing the rate of cesarean section to maintain the health of mother and baby, special attention should be paid to increasing the likelihood of some complications following a normal delivery.

 This study aimed to evaluate the dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) after manual and ultrasonic scaling.

 In this study 900 teeth were assessed. Plaque index and gingival recession were measured. Prior to scaling and root planning (SRP), DH was measured clinically using a periodontal probe and air jet. The patients reported the discomfort using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Later the teeth in the two opposite quadrants were manually scaled and the other two quadrants were ultrasonically scaled. After 2 weeks, DH was reevaluated with the same two methods. The data were analyzed using the SPSS.

 The DH of 900 teeth in 34 patients was included. 67.6% (23) of participants reported pre-scaling DH and 85.3% (29) experienced post-scaling DH. The prevalence of DH had no significant difference before and after SRP in manual group and ultrasonic group. Also, after SRP, no significant difference was observed between manual and ultrasonic scaling.

 Manual and ultrasonic methods did not increase DH after SRP compared to baseline. Post-scaling DH was not significantly different between the manual and ultrasonic SRP. DH was related to gingival recession. So that, pre-and post- scaling DH were higher in patients with gingival recession.

Breast cancer, is one of most frequent cancers across women, is recognized as a diverse and difficult disease that continues to be a serious public health problem. Long non-coding RNAs have already attracted a lot of interest as a result of the advancement of next-generation sequencing methods. Various studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs play an essential part in tumor growth. Even though the biological purpose and molecular processes of long non-coding RNAs are still unknown, modern data has shown that a variety of long non-coding RNAs express inappropriately in malignancies, particularly breast cancer. This review highlighted the most recent research on long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer, with an emphasis on the many molecular functions of regulatory long non-coding RNAs.