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Space Ontology International Journal - Volume:11 Issue: 3, Summer 2022

Space Ontology International Journal
Volume:11 Issue: 3, Summer 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/11/13
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Mahdieh Seifikaran, Marjan A. Nemati Mehr * Pages 1-18
    Following the decline of social capital after the spread of urban sprawl, in the last two decades in various fields, including urban design and planning, growing empirical studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between "built environment" and "social capital. These studies have different and sometimes inconsistent and contradictory results, and researchers do not have comprehensive and sufficient information about the results of findings obtained from all researches.The purpose of this research is to classify aspects of the built environment related to social capital at the neighborhood scale and to find their effect size on social capital. In order to investigate the main purpose of the research based on meta-analysis method, keywords related to neighborhood design elements and social capital were searched in ISI Web of Science and Scopus databases in the period of 2000 to 2019.After identifying and screening the articles, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were included in the meta-analysis.After extracting the statistical data of each article, social capital data were coded in two behavioral and cognitive dimensions and neighborhood design elements data were coded in building, density, land use, street and public space dimensions. After analyzing the results using CMA (V.2) software and checking the heterogeneity between the studies with the I2 test, the random model was used to extract the average effect size.Therefore, among the neighborhood design elements the street dimension (ES=0.306) and then the land use dimension (ES=0.120) have the highest impact on the behavioral dimension of social capital and the public space dimension (ES=0.2) has the greatest impact on the cognitive dimension of the social capital.
    Keywords: neighborhood design elements, Social capital, community participation, sense of community, meta-analysis
  • Mehrdad Azizi, Mahmud Rezaei *, Vahid Ghobadian Pages 19-31
    Site analysis is evaluated based on numerous factors in the process of architectural design, the achievement of which requires a complete evaluation system and an accurate understanding of it. The present study investigated the factor of noise pollution as one of the significant and influential parameters in the process of architectural site plan analysis. The present study mainly aims for a parametric simulation and evaluation of the noise pollution factor using the environmental impact assessment matrix. The study is quantitative and has been varied out using modeling and simulation techniques. Reputable architectural software such as Grasshopper and Rhino have been used for an accurate evaluation of the parameters. According to the results and based on the simulations conducted in software, determination of the obstacles, and specification of the noise pollution sources, the number of noise pollution production houses through a source is more influential than the intensity of the noise pollution by the same source. Besides, the noise pollution received at each point of a design's context depends on the height of the noise source besides the direct distance from it. Eventually, the environmental assessment matrix was used to specify the suitable and favorable ranges for design based on the impact of noise pollutions. The analytical components of the site such as noise pollution can be more effectively and directly taken into account in the process of design using algorithms and parametric methods so that the analysis and design phases are integrated unlike in traditional methods.
    Keywords: Assessment, Environmental assessment, Noise Pollution, noise, Simulation
  • Farhad Ahmadnejad *, Niloofar Mollayi, Fatemeh Mostajer Haghighi, Hasti Valiollahpour, Reyhaneh Ghadiri Pages 33-44

    In residential buildings, good daylight is critical in maintaining key aspects of our psychological and physiological health, and windows have a key role in the daylight performance. However, achieving successful window design in the term of daylight is rather problematic, it can cause thermal discomfort in summer or winter. The balancing of different interrelated window factors is particularly challenging for Tabriz climate. Fortunately, because of advancements in building optimization methods in recent years, genetic algorithms used to explore for design solutions have shown their efficiency in solving complicated architectural problems. The aim of this current study is to determine the applicability of a genetic algorithm for the optimization of windows for a typical residential building in the cold climate of Tabriz considering daylight and thermal performance. Using a parametric algorithm and evolutionary multi-objective optimization via Wallacei X plug-in for Grasshopper, various windows-to-wall ratios and sill height were combined, to find potential solutions that achieve a good performance in terms of thermal comfort and daylight. The survey has shown that in optimal conditions, the increase in useful daylight illuminance towards the base cases for south and north facade is 3.2% - 10.3% and the reduction rate of discomfort hours is 1.1%-23.8% through modification of window-to-wall ratios and still height in a residential building with a common plan in this climate.The results illustrated how an optimization methodology can be applied in the early stages of building design to understand how the windows can be tailored to ensure a good balance between daylight and thermal performance.

    Keywords: Window, Residential building, Daylight, Thermal Comfort, Genetic Algorithm
  • Hoseyn Reza Keshavarz Ghadimi, Manouchehr Tabibian *, Maryam Moinifar Pages 45-56
    In the past years, the use of cyberspace has increased day by day to the point that today, people create personality, gain experience and create memories in these spaces. This has created an emerging phenomenon of virtual space. This should be accepted that nowadays, cyberspace has become a virtual reality. A reality which has created cyberspace accessible as a new experience and opportunity. By using documentary and library methods and with an analytical look, this article seeks to describe the power of place in the form of a sense of place in the virtual age by examining different theoretical perspectives on space and cyberspace. The present article, while does not consider the advent of the digital age and the increasing expansion of cyberspace users as a threat to the sense of place,  by using the content analysis method, analyzes the effect of cyberspace on identity and sense of place and provides a codified framework for the power of place in the virtual age. The results show that in the present age, virtual media has a direct effect on the sense of place. And despite the similarities between the components of sense of place in real places and virtual spaces, there are also differences; including indirect but powerful interactions and experiences, removal of temporal / spatial constraints, immersion instead of physical presence, and free and limitless communication in virtual media.
    Keywords: Place, Space, Identity, sense of place, Virtual
  • Marzieh Rajabian, Narges Dehghan * Pages 57-74
    Most older adults nowadays live alone, without the help of their children, prompting higher demand for nursing homes than ever before. Thus, this study aimed to identify the factors affecting resident satisfaction in Isfahan province nursing homes through a collaborative approach and based on residents’ comments and quantify the type of relationship between these factors. This study employed a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach to evaluate the data gathered through article reviews, in-depth interviews, observation in Sadeghiyeh and Ehsan nursing homes, and the Likert scale questionnaire. The variables affecting older adult satisfaction in nursing homes were identified using MAXQDA software analysis. Subsequently, SPSS 22 and AMOS 26 software were employed to obtain the Pearson test, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model (SEM). According to the results, in nursing homes, elderly satisfaction is affected by three factors. Results from the SEM revealed a direct connection between individual characteristics, the physical environment, and service quality factors: (1) gender, previous habitation status, education, length of residence, and health status affected the physical environment; (2) physical environment components predicted service quality; (3) gender, previous habitation status, education, length of residence, and health status influenced service quality. For enhancement of residential satisfaction in nursing homes, it is suggested that women's outdoor spaces be private and colored cool and warm, respectively, for men and women. The nursing stations are recommended to be designed to be open; so senior residents have visual access. Increased natural light and green space in nursing homes to improve the social environment.
    Keywords: Elderlies, physical environment, Service Quality, Residential satisfaction, Individual characteristics
  • Mohammadhossein Azizibabani, Mohammadreza Bemanian *, Mansour Yeganeh Pages 75-86

    This research aims to explain the mechanism of the effects of the architectural application of Nature (AAN) on residential satisfaction (RS) at the scale of residential complexes and to identify key components in improving the quality of housing architecture through AAN. This research is mixed in terms of data type. It employs the causal-comparative research method. Variables and components affecting RS have been extracted from reviewing the theoretical foundations and literature, and to provide a conceptual model, the relational mechanisms between these variables have been explained through logical reasoning. To validate the conceptual model, a field study was conducted in five residential complexes in Tehran and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The results show that RS at the scale of personal, cultural, architectural, and environmental factors is a function of the variables of adherence to Islamic lifestyle (lifestyle at the structural level), residential desires related to the AAN, perceived quality of AAN, and perceived quality of housing architecture. In proportion to the increase in adherence to the Islamic lifestyle, residential desires related to formal and semantic components of the AAN have increased, and in the case of quality deficiency of these components, perceived quality and consequently RS will decrease. In addition, the key components of the AAN in improving the quality of formal, functional, and semantic components of housing architecture were recognized as unity, adaptability, and hierarchy.

    Keywords: Architectural Application of Nature, Residential satisfaction, Perceived Quality, Islamic lifestyle, Residential Complexes