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Agricultural Marketing and Commercialization Journal - Volume:6 Issue: 2, Summer and Autumn 2022

Agricultural Marketing and Commercialization Journal
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Summer and Autumn 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/12/15
  • تعداد عناوین: 14
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  • Nahid Naeemi, Ramin Zeraatgari, Gholamreza Rezaei Pages 1-22

    The present study aimed to investigate the determinants of venture investment in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange using the Soccer League Competition Algorithm. The present study is applied in terms of aim and descriptive-correlational in terms of method and nature. The financial data of 100 companies listed on the Iran Stock Exchange for 5 years from 2014 to 2019 were selected as a sample and were analyzed using Excel, Eviews, and Matlab software. First, the determinants of venture investment in the Tehran Stock Exchange (investment volume, rate of export, company tax, disclosure index, rule of law index, diversification of the industry, diversification of the stages of the company's life cycle, type of ownership, number of sectors and subsidiary companies, company investment, company size, and company age) were identified. By using the Soccer League Competition Algorithm, a predictive model was created to determine the investment risk based on the extracted indicators. Then, the accuracy of this model in terms of predicting the riskiness of the investment was compared with the simulated annealing algorithm, the NN neural network, and the SOM neural network.

    Keywords: Venture investments, Predictive model, Soccer League Competition Algorithm, Tehran Stock Exchange
  • L. B. Pinheiro, S. C. O. Pires, E. M. Zanuncio, M. A. Brugnera, J. P. E. Zanuncio, P. C. Takakura Pages 23-36

    It is an applied survey that uses a descriptive design with correlation. The population included all managers of Curitiba Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization (200 people). Based on Cochran’s formula and simple random sampling, 125 people were selected as the sample size. Two researcher-made questionnaires were used for data collection. The questionnaire on social interaction and market development of organic products consisted of 12 items and the influential factors on social interaction. Market development of organic products included sections on economic factors (5 items), educational factors (8 items), policy-making factors (5 items), and sociocultural factors (7 items). The face and content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed based on the experts’ opinions. Cronbach’s alpha of the research variables was estimated at more than 0.7, indicating the internal consistency of the items and confirmation of reliability. Correlation coefficient, multiple regression, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for data analysis through SPSS software. The economic (0.620), educational (0.532), policy-making (0.205), and sociocultural (0.220) factors and familiarity with organic products (0.182) had a significantly positive relationship at the level of 0.99 with social interaction and the market development of organic products from the perspective of the managers in Curitiba Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization. There was a difference between managers’ social interaction and market development of organic products in terms of education majors and organizational positions.

    Keywords: Curitiba Municipality, Organic products, Market development, Social interaction
  • B. Pavlichenko, A. Hryhoriev, M. Kryvenko Pages 37-50

    The objective of the present study was to explore the influential factors on innovation capacity among managers in Kharkiv Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization. This study is an applied survey using a descriptive correlational method. The population included all managers in the Kharkiv Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization (200 people). Based on Cochran's sample size formula, 125 people were selected as the study's sample using simple random sampling. Two researcher-made questionnaires were used for data collection. The questionnaire for evaluating innovation included 62 items. The questionnaire on influential factors on innovation capacity included sections on economic factors (8 items), educational factors (9 items), policy-making factors (9 items), sociocultural factors (16 items), and managerial factors (20 items). Face and content validity were confirmed based on the experts' opinions, and Cronbach's alpha for research variables was estimated at more than 0.7. Correlation coefficient, multiple regression, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for data analysis through SPSS software. The findings indicated that policy-making factors (0.723), sociocultural factors (0.494), educational factors (0.462), managerial factors (0.191), and age (0.179) have a significantly positive relationship with innovation capacity from the perspective of managers in Kharkiv Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization at the level of 0.99. There was a significant difference between managers' innovation capacity with different positions, gender, attendance in in-service training courses, and employment method in terms of innovation capacity at the error level of 5 percent.

    Keywords: Educational factors, Innovation capacity, Kharkiv Municipality Management of Fruit, Vegetable Organization Policymaking factors, Sociocultural factors
  • Mehrdad Fekratnejad, Akbar Bagheri, MuhammadHossein Fatehi Dabanloo Pages 51-65

    The present study's primary objective is to identify the optimal strategy for technology development in the ICT industry in Telecommunication Infrastructure Companies based on the direct technical competency model. To do so, the study's theoretical foundations and the domestic and foreign-related works have been investigated. The model, the variables, the conceptual model's framework, and the research questionnaire were designed in the next step. The study questionnaire was administered to 169 individuals, including the managers and experts of Iran's ICT industry, after which they were subjected to analysis and preliminary and final examinations in statistical terms for testing the research hypotheses. The results indicated the confirmation of the study's primary hypothesis as well as all three secondary beliefs in such a way that, according to the results of the secondary hypotheses suggesting the existence of significant relationships between the variables, namely "absolute power scale" and "relative power scale and being the key factor," and the dependent variable (Little's strategy competencies for technology development in Iran's ICT   industry), it can be eventually concluded that there is a significant relationship between the evaluation scales in the main technical competencies and Little's strategy competencies for technology development in Iran's ICT industry and the primary hypothesis is consequently affirmed for a Little's model stronger than the other models. In the end, suggestions have been presented in line with the study results for the technology development in Iran's ICT industry in line with the scales in Little's model.

    Keywords: ICT industry, Main technical competencies model, Optimal strategy, Technology development, Telecommunication Infrastructure Company
  • Nasrollah Maghsoudi Pages 66-77

    The stock exchange market is a subset of the economy and a component of the capital market. The economy, especially the Iranian stock market, has been affected more deeply than other countries due to US sanctions because concerns about capital devaluation are associated with fears due to economic instability. Variations in return on investment risk caused by macroeconomic variables might alter investment options. This research aimed to evaluate the exchange rate volatility on financial leverage and profitability of companies listed in the Tehran stock exchange. Therefore, a model was estimated to examine the research objectives using annual data of companies listed in the Tehran stock product in 2015-2020 through the panel data regression method and Eviews</em> software. The results indicated that exchange rate volatility positively and significantly affected financial leverage. In addition, stock product volatility had a negative and significant effect on the profitability of companies.

    Keywords: Financial leverage, Profitability, Stock Product
  • Hassen Noureddine Benfetta, Bouayed Sarra, A. Zaky Pages 78-88

    Marketing of these products should be taken into consideration which demands principal decision-making by managers in this process. The objective of the present paper was to explore the perspective of the managers in Cairo Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization concerning organic products marketing. It is an applied survey employing a descriptive method. The population included managers in Cairo Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization (200 people). Based on Cochran’s sample size formula, 125 managers were selected through simple random sampling. Two researcher-made questionnaires were used for data collection. The questionnaire on social interaction and market development of organic products consisted of 12 items and the questionnaire on the effective factors on social interaction and market development of organic products included sections on economic factors (5 items), educational factors (8 items), policy-making factors (5 items), and sociocultural factors (7 items). The face and content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed based on the experts’ opinions. Cronbach’s alpha of the research variables was estimated at more than 0.7, indicating the internal consistency of the items and confirmation of reliability. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, and coefficient of changes through SPSS software were used for data analysis. Finally, the prioritization of the perspective of managers in Cairo Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization was presented concerning the effective economic factors, educational factors, policy-making factors, and sociocultural factors on social interaction and market development of organic products.

    Keywords: Agriculture, Cairo Municipality Fruit, Vegetable Markets, Organic products, Marketing, Managers
  • shahrouz KHORAMI, majid hasani moghadam Pages 89-110

    This research aimed to evaluate the exchange rate volatility on financial leverage and profitability of companies listed in the Tehran stock exchange. Therefore, a model was estimated to examine the research objectives using annual data of companies listed in the Tehran stock product in 2015-2020 through panel data Potato is considered the third most critical crop in Iran after wheat and rice. In the last three decades, the area under cultivation of potatoes and production in Iran mainly depended on climatic conditions and various policies. For this reason, the production process has been accompanied by fluctuations. This research has employed an analytical-correlational method that examines the status of potatoes from different aspects, production, consumption, export, price, cultivation status, export target countries, guaranteed price trends, and the relationships between variables. Information from the Ministry of Agriculture- jihad, organizations, and statistical and customs centers reports have been used for data analysis. According to the results, the price fluctuation of this product in 2020 is less than the consumer price index. Moreover, the amount of exports has increased as much as 83% compared to previous years. In 2020, potato production was1148 thousand, and in 2021, 1105 thousand tons of net surplus production is predicted. The study of variable relationships shows a positive and significant relationship between the market price of potatoes and the guaranteed price with the amount of production, producer price index, and the guaranteed price of potatoes. Still, no relationship was observed between the price relationship and exports.

    Keywords: Consumption, Export, Market, Potato, Production
  • saeid balanejad, Khosro Faghani Makerani, jamadroudi gorganli Pages 111-126

    The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific explanation and forecast of the process of changing the public sector accounting system for the Social Security Organization. Using the constructivist theory approach, change the public sector accounting in the Social Security Organization according to the characteristics of active/passive agency and supportive / non-supportive structure with the methodology of the research, identify and use the directional qualitative content analysis method They have been classified and analyzed. The results of the questionnaire data and its content analysis and interpretation of categories based on construction theory indicate that human resources are cognitive, emotional and behavioral in terms of their growth and development in changing public sector accounting. And the organization makes no effort to force people to change. In this way, the characteristics of the agency are passive and the organization is unsupportive. In this situation, the conditions for changing the public sector accounting in the Social Security Organization are "very unfavorable". Strategies for changing public sector accounting in the Social Security Administration should shift from passive and unsupportive agencies that ensure the failure of change to active agencies and supportive structures and change the situation to "very favorable" conditions. Public sector accounting stakeholders should strive to create the necessary context, activate agencies, and create and revitalize the necessary support. By reviving the features of the support structure, the Social Security Administration can transform the situation from "failure of change" to "success of the change."

    Keywords: Public Sector Accounting, Structural Theory, Social Security Organization
  • Anita khoshroo Pages 127-137

    Using waste recycling management, various responsibilities can be categorized, and work efficiency can be greatly increased. This indicates that responsible people should take waste management functions at construction and demolition operation sites more seriously, actively engage in the development of marketing, and seek to promote development. The present study aimed to investigate factors that affect successful waste recycling management in Shiraz. This study was applied in terms of goal, and descriptive-correlative in terms of data gathering. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts and directors of Shiraz’s Municipality. Sampling was performed via the non-probabilistic method of convenience type. For this, the number 270 people were selected as the sample volume. The main tool to gather data was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by structural equation. Findings revealed that social values and norms had the highest effects on behavioral goals. The project’s limitations had the highest effects on waste recycling success. Included in the project’s limitation factors were recycling costs that had the highest effects on the success or failure of waste recycling. In addition to the project’s limitations, economic satisfaction, government oversight, and technical factors had the highest effects on waste recycling success. Out of economic satisfaction factors, saving and optimal use of recycled materials had the highest effects on waste recycling success. Meanwhile, out of technical factors, required tools and machinery had the highest effects on waste recycling success.

    Keywords: Recycling management, Shiraz’s municipality, Waste
  • Mojtaba Jameh Bozorgi, Akbar Bagheri, Asghar Karami Pages 138-152

    The main purpose of this study is to test the relationship between types of cash and profitability based on economic, accounting, and consolidated approaches for manufacturing companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, first, the theoretical foundations and internal and external background of the research are examined and in the next step a sample of 165 companies from manufacturing companies based on the fixed effects method and three research models based on the panel econometric approach for the period 2016-2016. Is. The results of estimating the first model confirm the significant relationship between the criteria for measuring the profitability performance of manufacturing companies based on the economic approach of investors with the total flow of free and operating cash. On the other hand, the analysis of the second model of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between the criteria for measuring the profitability performance of manufacturing companies based on the integrated approach of investors with the total flow of free and operational cash. Also, the third hypothesis of the research, which states that there is a significant relationship between the criteria for measuring the profitability performance of manufacturing companies based on investors' accounting approach with the total flow of free and operational cash, was confirmed after estimating the third model of the research. Finally, suggestions for improving the financial performance of selected manufacturing companies were presented based on the results.

    Keywords: Accounting approach, Cash flow, Manufacturing companies, Performance measurement, Tehran Stock Exchange
  • Yidnekachew Alemayehu, Mebratu Alemu Pages 153-174

    This concentrate is generally intended to analyze the Market chain and the determinants of coffee market outlet choice decisions of smallholder coffee creators in the Debub Ari Region. Unmistakable bits of knowledge and econometric models were used to examine the data. A multivariate probit model was used to recognize factors impacting market outlet choices of the smallholder coffee producers. Both fundamental and discretionary data were assembled from the survey locale. The multi-stage assessing technique has been used for this audit. An amount of 194 coffee creator family heads were erratically picked and conversed with the help of a pre-attempted coordinated survey. The middle social affair discussion and key observers interviews were directed to upgrade the customary data. The probability of picking finders, wholesalers, retailers, processors, and buyer outlets is 67.1%, 66.4%, 36.9%, 71.6%, and 15.3%, independently. The probability of families together picking the four market outlets was 0.031% more conspicuous than the likelihood of not picking all market outlets, which is 0.003%. Induction to credit unfavorably impacted retailer, processor, and customer market outlet choices, distance to the nearest market hurt processor market outlet choices, and market information of farm support insistently affected retailer and buyer market outlet choices. Thusly, intercession is supposed to additionally foster the coffee publicizing chain through propelling cooperatives, infrastructural progression, and optimal market information for a compelling displaying structure in the audit locale.</strong>

    Keywords: Coffee Market, Determinant, Multivariate Probit, Outlet Choices, Southern Ethiopia
  • Seyedeh Nafiseh Mohammadi Yousefnejad Pages 175-193

    The agricultural sector heavily relies on energy to meet the ever-increasing food demands of the growing population of the planet and to provide sufficient and proper nutrients. Assessment of energy-use patterns in the agricultural sector seems to be critical due to the limited natural resources and the adverse impacts of improper utilization of various energy resources on human health and the environment. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the management indicators affecting greenhouse efficiency. Efficiency is the production of goods with higher quality in the shortest possible time, which is categorized into three types: technical, allocative, and economical. Technical efficiency can determine the ability to produce the maximum possible output from a certain bundle of inputs. In this study, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) were used to determine the technical efficiency of greenhouses, and Eviews, SPSS, and Frontier software were also used for data analysis. In the present study with a sample of 38 greenhouses among the greenhouses of Savojbolagh County, it was concluded that the production increased by 14.5%, 41.1%, and 1.5%, with 1% more use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, area, and irrigation, respectively; also factors such as education and applying modern knowledge affect the technical efficiency of greenhouses.

    Keywords: Greenhouse, Management indicators, Savojbolagh County, Technical efficiency
  • Jaafaar Nawar, Mohammed E. Awad Pages 194-203

    The risky nature of agricultural activity prompts farmers to manage and control the adverse effects of natural and economic risk factors on yield and income fluctuations by applying and testing various managerial approaches. This study aimed to analyze farming management with an emphasis on farming estates. To fulfill this objective, essential managerial skills, agricultural risk management process and its advantages, improvement in risk management decisions, farming estates, and their organizational structure were studied using the library research method. According to the literature, farming estates have attracted significant attention in recent years, as these estates are known as places where the units located in contribute to increase production and preserve the environment while providing more employment by using modern technical knowledge through production in narrow spaces, with limited water, and soilless cultivation. In farming estates, mainly in the form of greenhouse estates, the essential managerial skills, including technical, human, and perceptual skills, which are based on the mutual impacts of different components, are very important. Risk management in terms of scope, platform, competence, processes and tools, quality and consultation, language, recommendations, conflict of interests, and inappropriate use, are considered objectives in those places. Practitioners in this field consider various types of decision-making in risk management, including (i) strategic decisions, (ii) operational decisions, and (iii) administrative decisions in order to control the minimum reduction of the negative impacts of risks in agricultural activities.

    Keywords: Risk management, agriculture, farming estates, greenhouse estates
  • Mohamad Abaidalah Pages 204-219

    The creation of new public service centers requires considerable expenditure, and it is necessary to determine their optimal location such that it can effectively benefit all citizens. The convenient access of citizens to all kinds of urban services is considered an important goal of urban planning. Fruit and vegetable fields and markets can be considered special places for the supply of daily necessities of citizens that significantly affect the optimal management of urban transportation. Given the importance of this topic, this article aims to determine the optimal location for fruit, vegetable, and agricultural product fields and markets using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. This is an applied, descriptive-correlational, and survey study in terms of the objective, nature, and method, respectively. The study area was fruit and vegetable fields in districts of the Alexandria metropolis. The statistical population included agricultural experts of the fruit and vegetable field organization of Alexandria Municipality in 2013. The study sample was determined by the purposive sampling method, and ten experts were selected for the markets in districts of Alexandria Municipality. In this research, the location and socioeconomic indicators were considered the dependent and independent variables, respectively. The relationships and prioritization of the criteria in this research were determined using multi-criteria decision-making models and the AHP model. Data were analyzed using Super Decision software. The results of the District showed that the economic and social criteria with normalized weights of 0.807 and 0.193 were in the first and second priorities, respectively. The highest economic and social priorities belonged to the sub-criteria of the regional land value and access to fuel stations, respectively. The results of District 22 indicated that the economic and social criteria with normalized weights of 0.805 and 0.195 were in the first and the second priorities, respectively. The highest priorities of economic and social indicators belonged to the sub-criteria of the regional land value and personal/social security, respectively.

    Keywords: Economic Indicator, Fruit, Vegetable Markets, Hierarchical Analysis, Optimal Location, Social Indicator