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Nanoscience and Nanotechnology - Volume:19 Issue: 1, Winter 2023

International Journal Of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Volume:19 Issue: 1, Winter 2023

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/12/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Aya Yaseen Mahmood Alabdali, Marwah Kzar, Sasikala Chinnappan *, Ravishankar Ram Mani, Chung Kah Xin, Ivy Tiong Yien Ting, Lai Jing Yung, Patricia Lee Yee Wei Pages 1-8

    The recent development of nanotechnology gradually become the trend of the world which has also revolutionized the pharmaceutical fields. Nanotechnology is the method used to produce nanoscale particles which can be applied in various aspects such as diagnostics and treatments. Meantime, an infectious disease also becomes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans nowadays. The small size of infectious disease agents has been a great concern in some of the diagnostics, preventions, and treatments are hard to achieve a desirable effect. In this way, nanotechnology becomes the key to the improvement of the pharmaceutical application’s performance for infectious diseases. Vaccination is one of the prevention methods to control the spread of infectious diseases. However, some vaccines lead to serious complications due to the difficulty of accessing and damaging infectious disease agents. By utilizing nanotechnology, vaccines delivered via lipid nanoparticles and viral-vectored vaccines are developed to improve the safety profile and the immune response of the vaccination. Besides prevention, nanotechnology also has been used in the drug delivery system and therapeutic drugs for infectious diseases. A nanoparticle-based drug delivery system can enhance the treatment outcome from various aspects such as the biocompatibility of the drug, the stability of the drug, and the capability of the drug in different drug delivery systems.

    Keywords: Nanotechnology, Drug delivery system, infectious diseases, Therapeutic Drugs
  • Roberto Marani, Anna Gina Perri * Pages 9-19
    This paper presents a procedure, based on Thevenin equivalent method, to analyse the noise effects in analog circuits based on CNTFET and MOS devices. To achieve this goal, we use a semi-empirical compact CNTFET model, already proposed by us, including noise source contributions, and the BSIM4 model for MOS device. After a brief review of these models, as example of analog circuit, the proposed procedure is applied to study a basic current mirror and the simulation results allow to determine easily the different noise contribution of every single source. The software used is Advanced Design System (ADS) which is compatible with the Verilog-A programming language.
    Keywords: CNTFET, MOSFET, Modelling, Noise Effects, Analog circuits, Advanced Design System
  • Aditya Trias Pradana, Garnpimol C. Ritthidej * Pages 21-33
    Combination of Asiatic acid (AA) and palm oil (PO) is promising to be developed. However, both have low solubility, low absorption, rapid metabolism, low bioavailability, and high oxidation which need to be improved in order to provide good activity. Thus, nanoemulsion formulation followed by spray drying were optimized to enhance the physical and chemical characteristics of the products. Lecithin (L), poloxamer188 (P), span80 (S), tween80 (T) were used as surfactants to form nanoemulsion and maltodextrin (M) was used as spray dried matrix component. Different amounts of maltodextrin were optimized at low (M1), medium (M2), and high (M3) levels. Characterization and evaluation were carried out on products, including particle size, morphology, product recovery (yield), drug content, solubility, and dissolution rate. The characterization results showed that nanoemulsion was successfully prepared and spray dried microparticles with a good physical form were obtained. The microparticles could be rapidly redispersed to form size of 149.0 – 271.1 nm with the zeta potential value lower than -30mV. Both physical and chemical stability of the microparticles showed no significant difference after 6-month storage. Lecithin-Tween-medium Maltodextrin (LTM2) formula showed the most optimum results with good physical characteristics and a high dissolution rate. In vitro release profile of LTM2 showed area under the curve (AUC) and dissolution efficiency at 180min values of 14725.10 ± 480.60 and 81.81 ± 2.67%, respectively. It could be concluded that spray dried microparticles of AA-PO nanoemulsion formulation improved the physical and chemical characteristics of both compounds presumably suitable good bioavailability and activity.
    Keywords: Asiatic acid, Palm oil, spray dry, Nanoemulsion, maltodextrin
  • Putra Satria *, Mahasri Gunanti, Suprapto Hari Pages 35-42
    According to data from the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries (2010) the value of koi fish exports reached 200 billion in 2009. Koi fish farming is inseparable from the presence of disease. One of the diseases that attack the koi fish is Myxobolusis caused by Myxobolus spores. Disease infection in koi fish can be categorized as a stressor that causes the occurrence of stressful conditions that cause increased blood sugar levels of koi fish. Increased blood sugar levels are secondary effects of stress and greatly affect the health of fish. This study aims to determine the effect of long treatment of Myxobolus spores infection orally on blood sugar levels of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio L). This study was an experimental study with Completely Randomized Design (RAL) using 7 treatments and 4 replications respectively. The dosage used for Myxobolus spore infection is 120 spores / fish. The main parameters observed were the amount of blood sugar in the blood of koi fish infected with Myxobolus while for supporting parameters including water quality, among others temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were measured daily, in the morning and afternoon. The examination data are blood sugar value of koi fish with ANOVA test followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the blood sugar content of koi fish before infected was 35.25 mg / dl. The results of data analysis of blood sugar calculations analyzed with Anova can be seen that there is a significant difference (p <0.05) for long treatment of Myxobolus spores infection. Based on the Duncan test, it is known that the highest blood sugar of koi fish obtained at 96 hours of treatment is 85 mg / dl and the lowest blood glucose on the 24 hours treatment time is 35,25 mg / dl.
    Keywords: Blood sugar, koi fish (Cyprinus carpio), Myxobolus, Blood
  • Farzad Arjomandi Rad *, Jila Talat Mehrabad Pages 43-50

    This work aims to study the structure and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles co-doped with Ag and Mg. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to study the influence of Ag and Mg doping on the geometry, electronic structure, and photophysical properties of TiO2. The calculated band gap of TiO2 doped with AgMg is 2.955 eV, which is in good agreement with the experiment. In addition, an almost good correlation was found between the calculated optical properties (such as the band structure) and the experimental UV absorption. The results of this comparative study can be used to develop TiO2-based photocatalysts and analyze microscopic information about the electronic structure of activated TiO2 nanoparticles.

    Keywords: TiO2, Band structure, UV absorption, photocatalyst
  • K. Gayathri, Perumal Andal * Pages 51-64

    Bulky nanocomposite materials in many miscellaneous technical domains, hybrid films, patterned structures, and core-shell particles are emerging as fascinating functional materials with features that go beyond the current state of the art. This section of Nanomaterials covers all aspects of nanocomposites, including design, synthesis, characterization, and application for a wide range of applications. Because of its poisonous nature, Methylene Blue (MB) dye, which is widely used in a variety of sectors, poses a hazard to the environment. Before being out into the location, wastewater from an assortment of businesses must be treated. As an adsorbent, we created a Zn-Cu-GO nanocomposite using a one-pot hydrothermal technique. The effect was related to Zn-Graphene Oxide and Cu-Graphene Oxide nanocomposites for the elimination of Methylene Blue colouring. The adsorption capacity of the Cu-GO, Zn-GO and Cu-Zn-GO nanocomposite were measured to be 308 mg g−1 and 392 mg g−1 and 544 mg g−1, respectively. The removal efficiency of Cu-GO, Zn-GO and Cu-Zn-GO nanocomposite were recorded to be 72%, 82.3%, and 95%, respectively. The functional groups in the nanocomposite were also validated by the functional groups in the nanocomposite after the hexagonal Zinc nanoparticles and cubic Copper nanoparticles were examined using X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a method. Both the flakes type Copper nanoparticle and the flakes type Zinc nanoparticle share a similar morphology. Granular copper nanoparticles were found on GO sheets and characterised by transmission electron microscopy.

    Keywords: Langmuir Isotherm (KL), Freundlich Isotherm (Kf ), Temkin Isotherm (KT), Copper (Cu), Zinc (zn), Graphene Oxide (GO), Methylene Blue (MB)