نشریه تعاون و کشاورزی
سال یازدهم شماره 44 (زمستان 1401)

Today, entrepreneurship as a driving force of economic development plays a significant role in the development of traditional organizations and companies; In a way that by promoting entrepreneurship in organizations, we can see an increase in creativity, innovation and prosperity and increase their resistance to changes and challenges. In this regard, the present study investigates the role of entrepreneurial management components in organizational entrepreneurship development among agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah Township. The statistical population of the study included all managers of agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah Township (N= 176), Using sampling table of Bartlett (2001), 110 of them by stratified random sampling with appropriate assignment for Studies were selected. The research measurement tool was a standard questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a group of experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to analyze the data in two sections of descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis), SPS sof tware was used. The results showed that the components of entrepreneurial management (growth strategy, strategic orientation, resource orientation, growth culture, reward philosophy and management structure) had a positive and significant effect on organizational entrepreneurship in agricultural cooperatives. Therefore, by improving entrepreneurial management, we can take action to develop organizational entrepreneurship in agricultural cooperatives. In this regard, managers and policy makers of agricultural cooperatives are advised to rethink entrepreneurial strategies, values and beliefs, reward methods and the structure and management style of the organization in an entrepreneurial manner.

 Competition could have succeeded in performance and profitability through competitive advantages formerly, due to product/service performance, but today the competitive advantage has become a necessity and businesses are using of the collaboration network as an advantage. Therefore, the research seeks to investigate collaboration networks at the level of SME's companies located in Ahvaz.

The social network analysis method is used. Cooperation data of companies, organizations and research centers is collected through conducting semi-structured interviews with 41 CEO. Cooperation analysis has done in detailed at distribution, marketing, R&D, production, and finance level to understand network opportunities better than usual.

The results show that despite the need to pay attention to cooperation between SME's, does not have a favorable situation. Collaboration network members are dependent on prominent actors who influence how firms interact. This situation threatens businesses weather in the short term or in the medium term. Therefore, it is better to examine and study scenarios and strategies to reduce dependence according to the dimensions of the collaboration network.

Despite the importance of Social Network Analysis (SNA) method, studies conducted with this method are not significant. There is some studies which assessed the factors affecting collaboration network development. Therefore, the study seeks to expand its scope to the business level using this approach.

Social capital is one of the influential components in the performance and success of cooperatives, including rural cooperatives, which is considered by experts. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social capital in the success of the rural cooperative in Dana women. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and a questionnaire technique is used to collect information. The statistical population is 600 members of the rural women's rural cooperative in Dena County, according to Bartlett's table, 100 were identified. The questionnaire was the most important tool for collecting data. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using Spss software. To test the hypothesis, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. In order to investigate the role of social capital in the success of rural women's cooperatives in Dena, indicators such as social capital, social trust, and social participation were measured. Based on the results obtained from the indicators of social capital research, social trust index the impact on the success of the DENA Women's Co-operative.

Cooperative organization is one of the most rational socio-economic tools ever designed by mankind, the sustainability of businesses created in the current state of the world economy, is important and necessary for any developing country like our dear country Iran. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of ranking the strategies and consequences of business sustainability with the approach of entrepreneurship development in the successful cooperative sector of Hamedan province.

This research is qualitative in terms of practical-developmental purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical sample of the current research was selected by the number of 12 managers of successful cooperatives in Hamedan province and expert professors in the field of business using the snowball method based on theoretical saturation.

The results of the research indicate that reducing costs and financing, trying to survive, innovation in providing products and services, appropriate marketing strategies, appropriate production strategies, interaction with government organizations and appropriate interaction with human resources as concepts of strategies and strategies were known and likewise survival, despair, reproduction of defective culture and failure of production and cooperative sector were identified as concepts of consequences.

Previous studies have mostly focused on business sustainability in cooperatives or strategies and consequences of business sustainability in organizations; meanwhile, the current study has a special focus on the strategies and consequences of business sustainability with the approach of entrepreneurship development in the successful cooperative sector of Hamedan province.

Along with the expansion of environmental challenges, the demand for green products has increased significantly, and the companies that produce these products need a deeper understanding of green marketing components. Based on this, the current study seeks to identify and analyze green marketing components in dairy industries.

The current study identified the components of green marketing using the inductive content analysis approach. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants included experts in the field of food industry and dairy industry owners. They were selected using purposeful sampling.

The findings indicate that green marketing consists of 11 components and 51 sub-components (sub-categories). These components include green marketing strategy, corporate social responsibility, green product, green production, environmental laws and standards, consumers' intention to purchase dairy products, green marketing orientation, green promotion, green distribution, green price, and green innovation and change management.

Despite the importance of environmental challenges and the tendency of consumers to buy green products, previous studies have mainly focused on analyzing the intention and behavior of consumers of green products, and so far, a comprehensive analysis of green marketing components in the country's food industry has not been carried out. Based on this, the current research is an attempt to fill this research gap and provide a useful framework for green marketing in this industry.

The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of green entrepreneurship orientation on the consumer's perspective and the improvement of sustainable competitive advantage.

The statistical population included 150 agricultural production cooperative companies in Khuzestan province. Based on the sampling method using Morgan's table, 111 companies were selected as a statistical sample. The data was collected using a questionnaire containing 30 questions. The structural equation model was established to explain the relationship between green entrepreneurship orientation, sustainable competitive advantage, and consumer perspective. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares method and Smart-PLS3 software. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using Cronbach's alpha method and composite reliability coefficient. The value of both coefficients was more than 0.9 for research structures. 

Findings and conclusions:

The results indicate that green entrepreneurship orientation has a positive and significant influence on both consumer's perspective and sustainable competitive advantage. The findings confirmed the effect of green entrepreneurship orientation on consumer's perspective and sustainable competitive advantage with a path coefficient of 0.707 and 0.823, and a significance coefficient of 17.43, and 13, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated a positive and significant effect of the consumer's perspective on sustainable competitive advantage with the influence of green entrepreneurship orientation with a significance coefficient of 2.086.

According to the findings of this study, agricultural cooperative companies can improve the economic and social performance of the company and reduce harmful environmental consequences using green entrepreneurial orientation and green innovation.

The current research conducted with the aim of identifying the effective structures on the success of nomadic cooperatives in Fars province. This research used a quantitative approach, which conducted using a survey method. The data obtained via a questionnaire from 380 nomadic cooperatives members in Fars province, who selected using Krejcie and Morgan table with proportional assignment. The results showed that the relationships between internal factors such as relationship between socio-cultural, economic and management structures as well as external factors i.e. socio-cultural, economic, policy and educational structures with the success of nomadic cooperatives was positive and significant at 1% level. In addition, the results of multiple regression in a step-by-step method showed that internal factors such as economic, socio-cultural, educational and managerial structures as well as external economic, political and socio-cultural structures totaled 79.1% of the changes in the dependent variable. Therefore, internal and external factors are effective and have a role in the activities of cooperative companies, which directly and indirectly influence the way cooperatives operate. According to the results, for nomadic cooperatives to be more successful, holding empowerment meetings and workshops related to the principles and goals of the cooperative and the duties of the members and the board of directors recommended. Moreover, providing suitable and easily accessible banking facilities and communicating with other cooperatives by holding meetings to introduce the best cooperatives in the field of production, marketing, and performance, high profitability and waste reduction are also recommended.