فصلنامه چشم انداز مدیریت صنعتی
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 49، بهار 1402)

In Iran, several measures have been taken to increase collaboration between universities and society, particularly industry. However, the lack of a systemic view and existing dynamics have resulted in a lack of proper investigation of the university-society relationship, and many aspects have been overlooked. This study aims to provide a dynamic model of university-society communication using a system dynamics approach to eliminate obstacles and conflicts, taking historical data into account. To achieve this goal, three main variables were considered: essay writing, quality of education, and extracurricular projects. The relationship between these indicators in the research model was established through the faculty member capacity variable, which is a common source for all three main variables. To validate the model, a behavior reproduction test and model sensitivity analysis were used. After validating the model, different policies were investigated, and the best policy was chosen to improve the three main variables according to the faculty member capacity variable. The simulation results showed that the allocation of the university budget to the main indicators of essay writing, quality of education, and extracurricular projects had acceptable results when taking into account the differences in essay writing, quality of education, and extracurricular projects with the targeted amount.

The Internet of Vehicles is a new framework for intelligent transportation systems. One of its goals is to improve safety and increase the quality of road travels. Topology changes in IoV present significant challenges to the safety programs. Due to the variety of traffic conditions, the reliability of current clustering methods faces many risks. In this research, a multi-criteria clustering model called RFCV has been proposed with the aim of increasing the reliability of the Internet of Vehicles. This model is independent of infrastructure and introduces four new criteria: "history of vehicle movement," "conformity of vehicle speed with the harmonic average of nearby vehicles'''' speeds," "number of reliable neighbors," and "performance quality in previous clusters." The weight of moving vehicles is considered, and the one with the best weight is selected as the cluster head, while an alternative cluster head is also determined to improve cluster stability. The stability of the cluster ensures that message exchange is possible in the closest time to real-time. The efficiency of the proposed clustering model has been theoretically proven, and simulations with multiple scenarios in SUMO and NS3 environments demonstrate the superiority of RFCV in increasing "route lifetime and packet delivery rate (PDR)" and decreasing "average delay and control overhead" in both densely populated urban and less-populated highway environments.

Research on the factors affecting entrepreneurial intention has recently attracted surging attention. However, there are limited studies focusing on indirect factors impacting entrepreneurial intention and comparing the findings across a developed and a developing country. Therefore, in this research, based on the theories of planned behaviour and entrepreneurial passion, we discuss the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion in the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention as well as in the relationship between subjective norm and entrepreneurial intention. Quantitative data were collected from 122 and 260 undergraduate students in England and Iran, respectively, and were analysed by structural equation modelling in AMOS. The findings show that, contrary to the predictions of the mentioned theories, entrepreneurial passion also has a direct and positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Also, entrepreneurial passion partially mediates the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention in both countries. However, passion fully mediates the relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention in Iran, and partially in England. Our findings thus illustrate that to strengthen entrepreneurial intention, policymakers should develop policies to enhance entrepreneurial personal attitudes, and subjective norms to encourage entrepreneurial passion and consequently entrepreneurial intention.

The scheduling of parallel machines and preventive maintenance is one of the key issues in the field of production processes, and has always been a topic of interest for researchers. This research aims to design an integrated model for scheduling and preventive maintenance for parallel machines considering the probability of disruption in facilities and uncertainty in parameters of the model. In this regard, a mathematical scheduling model has been proposed with two objective functions of minimizing the weighted completion time of products and maximizing the reliability of the production line. The NP-hard nature of the studied problem from a computational perspective, meta-heuristic algorithms such as NSGA-II and MOPSO were utilized to solve numerical problems in medium and large scales. Therefore, numerical problems were designed in different size and solved by the proposed algorithms. The results showed that the NSGA-II compared to the MOPSO algorithm provide better solutions. However, MOPSO has better efficiency than NSGA-II in term of computation time, this superiority is not considerable and it can not be considered as a definitive basis for comparing two algorithms.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the enablers of Industry 4.0 supply chain sustainability and further attempt to propose a research framework to bridge the theoretical gaps. At first, the enablers that influence the adoption of sustainability capability were identified through the review of domestic and foreign articles using the meta-combination method. After identification, the enablers were compared through a questionnaire and provided to 12 experts in the field of tile manufacturing industries in Yazd province. Using the information obtained from the questionnaire and its analysis through the combined method of DEMATEL-Fuzzy Network Analysis Process, a model was ultimately presented. The research results of the meta-combination section identified 114 open codes, 26 central codes, and finally 7 selective codes. The selected codes include organizational, production system, environmental, product, economic, technological, and social factors, which were analyzed using the combined method of Fuzzy Dematel-ANP. The relations and importance of these enablers were examined, and It was determined that the "technology" dimension is the most influential, the "product" dimension is the most susceptible, and the "economic" dimension is the most important dimension.

In today's competitive world, companies need to effectively manage their supply chains in changing market conditions, and they are also obliged to compensate for their environmental damages. In this research, a two-echelon multi-product multi-period supply chain network with production and distribution centers has been modeled with three objectives minimizing logistic costs, delivery time, and CO2 emission costs. Customer demand parameters, available levels of human and machinery resources are uncertain and considered as fuzzy numbers. Additionally, the possibility of using subcontracting services for production and transportation operations at a higher cost exists. The main innovation of this research is modeling the possibility of using different transportation systems and considering their pollution, and using a novel fuzzy multi-criteria goal programming method (proposed in 2018) for solving the problem. Real data from "Daya Technology" company has also been used for case study and model evaluation.

Supply chains that are meant to survive must be able to cope with disruptions. The COVID-19 pandemic was one of the most important disruptions that could cause a ripple effect in the supply chain. A ripple effect refers to a disruption that affects other parts of the supply chain like a domino effect, and while the probability of its occurrence is low, its impact is high. This study aims to identify the key success factors for coping with the ripple effect in Iran's machine-made carpet supply chain. In this research, the critical success factors were identified based on in-depth interviews. Then, using the fuzzy cognitive map approach, a model of the critical success factors was created. The statistical population of this research consists of experts in the machine-made carpet industry. The findings showed that there are 23 critical success factors to cope with the ripple effect in the machine-made carpet supply chain. Among them, "supply chain digitization", "capable and efficient managers", and "supply chain collaboration" were identified as the most essential influencing factors, while "supply chain collaboration", "proper planning", and "flexibility in production" were identified as the most important central factors that require special attention. Therefore, policymakers are recommended to focus on enhancing these areas by promoting business intelligence and supply chain management, making universities more mission-oriented, organizing empowerment workshops for managers, and removing supply chain behavioral barriers.

Free innovation is a concept that refers to the voluntary contribution of ideas by individuals for problem-solving purposes without any financial transaction. The question arises as to how innovators are motivated to participate in this process. Previous studies have shown that free innovation is directly related to human interests and values, and encompasses issues such as benefits, participation, entertainment, education, creativity, philanthropy, and other important topics related to "human development and progress." This study aimed to address the question of free innovation and investigate the free innovation ecosystems in Iran. The effective motivations for the formation of free innovation were identified and ranked. By reviewing the literature on free innovation, using expert evaluation and the Delphi method, the effective motivations were identified. Then, using Dimtel, the impact of the final eight motivations with the opinions of research experts was examined. These motivations included philanthropy, personal reward, social acceptance, social responsibility, increase in fame and dignity, helping, feeling satisfied with dignity, and the joy of learning. The value of this research lies in enriching the theoretical foundations of free innovation in Persian language, and providing policy recommendations that lay the groundwork for leveraging the implementation of free innovation in Iranian society.

This study, in a pharmaceutical industrial zone, including relationships between suppliers, manufacturers and customers, are optimized using the concept of supply hub under 3PL management. In this regard, a new model for the supply chain of this industrial zone has been proposed in a sustainable approach, in which the economic, social and environmental axes are considered and then carefully solved by GAMS software. The goal is to minimize the costs imposed on the system, comprising the operating cost of the supply hub, the cost of transporting raw materials and products, the cost of ordering, the cost of storing raw materials and finished products, the cost of shortage of finished products considered as back-ordered, the cost of hiring and firing as well as the cost of destroying the waste of these pharmaceutical factories. An efficient heuristic relaxation-based approach is proposed in this paper. Then, a series of sample instances inspired by the case study have been implemented. The results obtained by GAMS and the proposed heuristic method are compared. Finally, to understand the sensitivity of different axes of the sustainability approach, several sensitivity analyses have been conducted and useful managerial and operational insights are presented for top management of such industries.