فهرست مطالب

Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran - Volume:33 Issue: 4, Autumn 2022

Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
Volume:33 Issue: 4, Autumn 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/12/16
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Azam Ahmadi Shadmehri, Fahimeh Akbarian, Jamileh Rezazadeh Varaghchi, M. Amin Tabatabaiefar * Pages 305-309

    Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe developmental delay or intellectual disability caused by either disruption of the maternal UBE3A gene or deletion in the maternal 15q11-q13. Diagnosis of AS in two siblings with normal four-generation history was confirmed through a staged genetic evaluation, G-banding karyotype, Fluorescence in situ Hybridization analysis, and methylation pattern in 15q11-q13. Despite detecting impaired methylation patterns in the region of interest, distinguishing the imprinting defects from uniparental disomy (UPD) was not feasible since we did not have access to the parents' sample. However, regarding the low risk of AS recurrence within families with UPD in the literature and the healthy family history, mosaicism of cryptic imprinting center deletion in the mother's germline should be the most probable cause of AS recurrence in our cases.

    Keywords: Angelman syndrome, Germline mosaicism, Molecular diagnosis, Familial recurrence, Mental retardation
  • Hossein Antikchi, Seeyamak Mashhady Rafie *, Negar Panahi, Pejman Mortazavi, Kumarss Amini Pages 311-317

    Antibiotic resistance is among the most concerning issues worldwide. Currently, the use of natural alternatives with improved therapeutic effects and fewer complications than common therapies is considered a novel therapeutic approach to care urinary tract infections (UTI). In this research, we evaluated the prospective activity of Oliveria decumbens vent essential oil (ODEO) in the treatment of Escherichia coli-induced cystitis. The antibacterial properties of ODEO were investigated using standard microdilution assays against E. coli. To induce cystitis, 1.5 ×108  CFU/ml of E. coli (ATCC 700928) was injected into the bladder of Wistar rats, and then they were prescribed ODEO and gentamicin. The histopathological parameters of the bladders were tested at the end of the study. The MIC and MBC of the ODEO against E.coli were 0.54 μl/ml and 1.024 μl/ml respectively. In the infected group with no treatment, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the thickness of bladder tissue were increased notably, however in the groups treated with ODEO, especially at higher doses, the parameters were significantly decreased (p<0.01). The ODEO efficacy was comparable to gentamicin in the reduction of the bacterial count. In addition, after administration of the ODEO, inflammation, fibrosis, and thickness of epithelium also decreased in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). In conclusion, treatment with ODEO which added as drinking supplement or injected subcutaneously resulted to the renal clearance of pathogens in study rats.

    Keywords: Oliveria decumbens, Herbal agent, E. coli, cystitis
  • Mehri Abdollahi Fard, Manijeh Motevalian *, Mohamadreza Manafi, Sayed-Saeid Homami Pages 319-331

    Based on the important interactions of donepezil with cholinesterase receptor, a series of coumarin-based N-benzyl pyridinium derivatives (5a-l) were synthesized and had in-vitro evaluation for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities. It was revealed that compound 5l with plausible IC50 values of 0.247 µM and 1.68 µM on AChE and BuChE, respectively was the most potent anticholinesterase inhibitor compared to other synthesized compounds. The enzyme kinetic assay of compound 5l was conducted on the AChE enzyme and the compound 5l was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor of the AChE (Ki= 0.356). In addition, the compound 5l remarkably protected PC12 neurons against H2O2-induced cell death. The docking study of compound 5l revealed that the inhibitor occupied both CAS and PAS binding sites of the AChE enzyme. we have synthesized 12 products in two steps reactions and high to moderate yields. The first step involves the nucleophilic substitution reaction between 4-hydroxycoumarin and pyridyl chloride (3-pyridinium and 4-pyridinium) derivatives, which produces an intermediate of 3. Following the reaction of this intermediate with benzyl chloride derivatives, led to the synthesis of final products 5. The results were compared with donepezil and tacrine as standard drugs for AChE and BuChE inhibitory assays. Based on the IC50 values, the tendency to inhibit synthetic compounds in final products for AChE is better than BuChE. Among the products in AChE inhibitory assay, the 3-pyridinium series showed more effectiveness than the 4-pyridinium series. Docking studies and product interactions with cholinesterase receptor active sites clearly show the role of 3-pyridinium derivatives in receptor binding.

    Keywords: Coumarin, N-benzyl pyridinium, donepezil, Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase
  • Maryam Zurmand, Ahmad Ahmadi Khalaji *, Kamal Noori Khankahdani, Zahra Tahmasbi Pages 331-344

    Lateritized ultrabasic units are located in the south of Bavanat in the northeast of Fars province in the east of Koopan village. The current study has used Landsat 8 images for RS processing. This study indicated that the RGB=532 color composite in Landsat 8 image has the best contrast for enhancing and detecting peridotite and serpentinite units. Also, based on the band ratio technique, RGB=(b2/b1), (b5/b1), and (b6/b7) color composite has the best contrast for peridotite and serpentinite units. The Principal Component Analysis technique with the standard method followed the best difference to detect and identify the ultrabasics. Principal Component Analysis method shows that RGB=PC6, PC2, and PC5 for Landsat 8 data have the best contrast for enhancement and detection of peridotite and serpentinite units. Finally, different methods of supervised classification, such as Spectral Angle Mapper, Spectral Information Divergence, and Support Vector Machine, were reviewed. Among these methods, the Spectral Information Divergence technique has the best layout for Landsat 8 images. This important layout as a basic geological map can be useful in additional exploration studies on the Bavanat peridotites.

    Keywords: Lateritized ultrabasic, Koopan, Principal component analysis, Supervised classification, high Zagros
  • Zeynab Kiamehr *, Zohreh Kiamehr Pages 345-351

    In this paper, a quantum plasma system was considered to study a nonlinear turbulence model. The properties of nonlinear propagation of the solitary potential wave in two-dimensional heterogeneous quantum magnetoplasma were investigated using the quantum hydrodynamic model. It was assumed that in addition to the heterogeneity in this system, there is a magnetic field. If the collision frequency between the heavy particles (ions and neutral particles) is negligible, a nonlinear equation in two dimensions (2D), as well as the solutions of the plasma electrostatic potential, are obtained. For this purpose, the method of indeterminate coefficients, dimensionless conversion, travel wave conversion, etc. were used. A series of corresponding physical quantity properties was described by solving the individual solution of wave obtained for a quantum plasma system with a nonlinear model. The effects of the quantum Bohm potential on the single wave structure of the electrostatic potential are shown numerically in Figures 1 and 2. It was found that increasing the numerical density and amplitude of this wave decreases. The present study may play a significant role in understanding the properties of potential wave propagation in dense astrophysical plasma where quantum effects are useful.

    Keywords: Inhomogeneous quantum magnetoplasma system, Nonlinear dynamic disturbed, Traveling wave transformation, Nonlinear partial differential equations