نشریه تازه های پژوهشی روان تنی
پیاپی 2 (زمستان 1401)

 Palliative care has been introduced as a strategy to improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients with incurable diseases and their families. One of the crucial points in palliative care is respect for human dignity. Therefore, this study aims to review the dignity of patients under palliative care along with its impact on patients.

In the current narrative review, Persian studies were searched in Persian language databases, such as SID and Magiran, with the keywords, patient dignity, and palliative care from April 2012 to May 2022. To search for studies in English, the keywords of patient dignity and palliative care were used in PubMed and Cochrane databases from June 2010 to May 2022. Meanwhile, the search was conducted in the Google Scholar database in Persian and English along with a manual search in Google. After searching the databases, 106 articles were selected and by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicates, 8 articles were examined.

The results of the study showed that out of 8 articles, 1 article was in Iran and 5 articles were qualitative studies. Individual, care, and communication factors are effective in maintaining patients’ dignity.

Maintaining human dignity is one of the critical needs of a person under palliative care. Hence, the healthcare staff should consider treatments based on human dignity and perform their professional tasks deservedly according to the factors affecting the creation of dignity.

As future nurses of society, nursing students will play a vital role in ethical decisions in the treatment process. The present study was conducted to review factors associated with professional values in nursing students.

In the current narrative review, by searching the databases of Science Direct, Magiran, SID, Iran Medex, Google Scholar, Web of Sciences, and PubMed, and using the keywords “professional values” and “nursing students” (and their Persian translated words to search articles in Persian) 208 articles were included in the study. The inclusion criteria included English and Persian papers from January 2010 to May 2022. By applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicates, the researchers examined 25 articles.

The findings showed that the most crucial components from the student’s point of view were keeping the patient’s confidentiality (care dimension) and maintaining competence in the clinical environment (trust dimension), and the least crucial were the activism and professionalism dimensions. In addition, the personal and educational factors of students influence moral values. It should be noted that increasing professional experience decreases the significance of professional values. 

Although, according to the students’ views, professional values are highly valued, understanding the importance of all dimensions of professional values requires more support. Therefore, appropriate educational planning is suggested for empowerment in all dimensions of professional values.

The perception of illness can affect a person’s mental health and ability to cope with illnesses. Meanwhile, personality traits can affect an individual’s lifestyle and quality of life (QoL). This study aims to investigate the role of illness perception as a mediator between personality variables and QoL in patients with a heart attack.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 193 patients with a heart attack at least 6 to 12 months before the study. The patients were selected via the available sampling method from the cardiovascular clinics of Shahid Chamran, Al-Zahra, and Khurshid hospitals in Isfahan City, Iran. The participants were evaluated using the scale of disease perception, the QoL questionnaire, and the 5-factor personality questionnaire. The data were analyzed by the path analysis method.

In this study, 128(66.32%) participants were male and 66(33.68%) were female, with an mean age of 61.4±10.7 years. In the personality dimensions, a significant relationship was observed between neuroticism and disease perception (RW=0.561, P=0.002); however, other personality dimensions had no significant relationship with disease perception. Disease perception had a significant and negative relationship with the quality of life (RW=-0.219, P=0.010). Two dimensions of extraversion (RW=0.755, P=0.000) and agreement (RW=-0.516, P=0.015) had a significant relationship with QoL.

 The results showed that personality variables independently affect the QoL, and only the features of anger, hostility, and worry in the form of neurotic dimensions have a negative effect on the QoL with a strong effect on the perception of the disease.

 The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened global health and increased the possibility of anxiety symptoms. The present study aims to investigate the frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after the outbreak of COVID-19 in patients referred to the Mazandaran Welfare Organization in Mazandaran Province, Iran, in 2020.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 255 people enrolled. All participants were evaluated based on calls or in-person visits to the Mazandaran Welfare Counseling Center in Mazandaran Province, Iran, using the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL-5) with a cut-off point of 33 to diagnose PTSD. Also, the quality of sleep was measured based on the Pittsburg questionnaire. The P<0.05 was considered significant.

 The prevalence of PTSD in the high-risk population of welfare referees was 40.4% (CI 95%: 34.4 -46.4). The prevalence of PTSD had a significant relationship with the level of education (P=0.03). There was a positive and significant correlation of 30.2% between sleep quality scores and PCL-5 scores (P< 0.001).

 Considering the high prevalence of PTSD in people who are referred to welfare centers, as well as the availability of most of these individuals, it is possible to reduce the damage to this group by identifying factors related to PTSD and health planning.

This study compared children's eating behaviors, body mass index, and parents' feeding practices between typically developing (TD) children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

In this descriptive study, 95 children with ADHD and 95 TD children aged 6 to 11 years were studied. The Conner's parents rating scale, the comprehensive feeding practice questionnaire, and the child eating behavior questionnaire were completed for both groups. In addition, both groups' weight and body mass index were measured and calculated. Clinical interviews and the Kiddie Schedule were held for both groups. The obtained data were analyzed by the independent t test and the Chi-square test in SPSS software, version 19.0, at a significance level of less than 0.05.

The two groups showed no significant differences in demographic characteristics and feeding practices. The parents in the two groups were similar in all study variables except for emotional control and monitoring over feeding practice. The correlation between body mass index and child eating behavior scores showed significant relationships with food disorder (r=-0.281, P=0.006), enjoyment of food (r=0.295, P=0.004), and food responsiveness/emotional binge (r=0.288, P=0.005).According to the stepwise regression, the predictors of body mass index were weight restraints and food disorder in the ADHD group and health restraints in the control group. 

This study found no significant differences between TD children and ADHD children regarding weight, body mass index, eating behavior, or parental feeding practice. Further research is needed to evaluate related variables, such as physical activity and birth weight.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, irritating skin disease that causes psychiatric disorders. It is necessary to know the effective factors that deteriorate this complication. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the severity of depression in patients with atopic dermatitis.

This descriptive-correlational study was performed in 2019 on 76 patients with atopic dermatitis using the convenience sampling method. The research tools were a demographic questionnaire and the Hamilton depression questionnaire. The Chi-square and the Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis.

The findings of this study showed that 22.4% of patients with atopic dermatitis had mild depression, 13.2% had moderate depression, and 2.6% had severe depression. Additionally, depression was significantly associated with age, gender, and higher education. 

Considering mild, moderate, or severe depression in patients with atopic dermatitis along with the effective factors in exacerbating their condition, patients with atopic dermatitis at higher risks should be properly screened and psychological counseling, appropriate training, and standard treatment should be provided to them.

Refusing or delaying the injection of the COVID-19 vaccine can be the result of a lack of knowledge and awareness of the people regarding the safety of the vaccination process or not having enough motivation to receive the vaccine; therefore, this study aims to improve vaccination coverage using a best-evidence implementation project.

This evidence implementation project has used the Joanna Briggs Institute practical application of the clinical evidence system, along with the research audit and getting research in practice tool. Three stages of the activity were implemented as follows: creating a team for the project and conducting a baseline audit based on the provided evidence-based criteria; reflecting the results of the baseline audit and designing and implementing strategies to investigate non-conformance; audit follow-up after the implementation of the change strategy.

Compliance with the best evidence improved dramatically. The result of this project improved the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination in the selected rural area; accordingly, out of 110 people who were resistant to a vaccine injection, 33 people (30%) of the interviewed subjects agreed to the vaccine injection at the end of the first session. A total of 48 people (43.66%) agreed to receive the vaccine after the end of the second session. Meanwhile, 16 people (14.5%) agreed to receive the vaccine after the third session.

The best evidence implementation project in this study improved vaccination coverage by 88%. The findings of this study can be used to empower healthcare providers to improve service delivery in the covered centers.

Prenatal education provides information about pregnancy, the birth process, and the promotion of parenthood and is a positive approach to preparing the mother for childbirth. This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal education on the quality of life (QoL) of nulliparous women referred to Amini Langroudi Hospital.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 93 pregnant women who were referred to Amini Langroudi Hospital from 2013 to 2015. The samples were selected via the convenience sampling method and then divided into an intervention group (n=48) and a control group (n=45). The data was collected by a two-part questionnaire, including personal and obstetrics information, along with the QoL questionnaire (36-item short-form survey). The questionnaires were completed by mothers in their 20th week of pregnancy and at the end of care. Pregnant women in the intervention group were trained in 8 sessions by midwives. The data were analyzed using the independent t-test, the paired t-test, and the Chi-square test. 

The results of the independent t-test showed no significant difference between the dimensions of life quality before the intervention in nulliparous women in both groups. A significant difference was observed in the functional limitation due to physical problems between the scores of dimensions of QoL after intervention in nulliparous women in the intervention group (P=0.00) and the control group (P=0.04). Meanwhile, no statistically significant difference was detected in other dimensions in the intervention group (independent t-test).

This study showed that after training classes, the participants’ mental health was better in the intervention group compared to the control group, although there was no significant difference.