نشریه مطالعات کارآفرینی و توسعه پایدار کشاورزی
سال دهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 37، بهار 1402)

The purpose of this research was to analyze the challenges of sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem in Kurdistan province. In terms of approach, the present research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of sequential-exploratory type, and in terms of purpose, it is part of career research and has been carried out using descriptive-analytical method. The study population (statistics) of the current research included all experts in the field of the subject studied at the level of Kurdistan province. In the qualitative phase, the challenges were identified using the qualitative content analysis method, and then in the quantitative phase, they were prioritized using the hierarchical analysis (AHP). To collect data in the qualitative stage, semi-structured interview tools, group discussion, document review and field note-taking were used, and in the quantitative stage, researcher-made questionnaires for paired comparisons were used. According to the findings of the research, the challenges of the sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem of Kurdistan province in order of relative weight are: financial and economic capital 0.169, human capital 0.164, infrastructure 0.153, market 0.149, support challenge 0.119, political challenge 0.115, cultural-social challenge 0.072 and psychological challenge 0.058. Based on the findings, the improvement and development of financial systems to provide the necessary and efficient capital, as well as the development of human capital, is necessary and necessary to improve the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Kurdistan province.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of enterprise model components on the success of enterprises in the agricultural sector of Cherdavel Township in Ilam province. The methodology of this research is descriptive and among the descriptive methods, the correlation method has been used. The statistical population was 361 agricultural enterprisees managers, and the sample size was estimated to be 186 enterprisees using Cochran's formula, which were selected and studied using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool was a structured researcher's questionnaire that was developed by examining the background of the research. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using the opinions of five university professors and five people involved in agricultural businesses, and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.83). The dependent variable of the research was business success and the independent variables were the components of the business model derived from the model of Strovaldera (2013). Multiple regression analysis showed that the three variables of income streams, deliverable values and target customers explained 51.2% of the changes in the dependent variable of enterprise success. It is suggested; In order to increase the success rate of their enterprises, managers should seek to find innovative values and new offers for their customers and try to make their enterprises values more distinct from other common values in the market that are offered to customers by other similar enterprises

The health of humans is some way related to the quality of food consumed by them; therefore, at present, the production of organic agricultural products is a necessity of the agricultural sector. In this regard, the behavior of farmers in the use of organic farming is very important. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of greenhouse owners in organic cultivation of strawberries and the analyze determinants of cleaner production in strawberry greenhouses. Statistical population of the study were strawberry growers in Alborz province (N=159). Sample size determined via Krejcie and Morgan’s table(n=114). Sampling method was Stratified random sampling. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by a panel of experts. Also, To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, a pilot test was conducted and then Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated (between 0.71 - 0.9). The results of the regression analysis showed that three variables of financial and skill, attitude and intellectual / knowledge power in about 47 percent of the changes related to organic agricultural behavior were explained in the form of planned behavior model. Also, according to the Extended Model of Planned Behavior, four variables of social factors, financial and skill ability, intellectual ability/knowledge and attitude explained about 70% of the changes related to organic agricultural behavior.

Correct communication between organizations and production centers leads to increased career opportunities production, performance and the loss of wastes resulting from rework. So, this research was paid to identify the organization involved in this process and their duties. The main organizations studied included the Agricultural Jihad, the Agricultural Research Center and credit institutions. The main paradigm of research was mixed. In order to measure the level of communication and the importance of communication between livestock farmers and each of the investigated organizations was considered a score from 1 to 10. Value chain performance was compiled by economic, social, environmental and technical performance indicators by reviewing the literature and examining the views of experts, indexing and ranking weighting. In the qualitative section, 43 experts and ranchers were selected and analyzed in a targeted and snowball way, and in the quantitative section, 382 ranchers were selected and examined by cluster method. The results showed that more than half of farmers (50.9%) had weak and middle connections with organizations involved in the value chain. While the effective communication of these organizations had a positive and significant effect on the performance of sheep value chain. The role and importance of intermediator communication did not have significant impact on value chain performance. On the other hand, according to the results of the Mann-Whitney U test, farmers were related directly with credit institutions, mutual of livestock production improvement, veterinary office and intermediator, they have performed differently than those who were indirectly associated with these organizations.

Employment of human resources, especially university graduates, is one of the most important and basic goals of economic-social planning of any society. Based on this, the present study examined and analyzed the causes of unemployment among the graduates of Kermanshah province. An explanatory sequential mixed method was used to achieving the research goal. The statistical population in the qualitative phase was included of experts who were selected using special cases sampling method until reaching theoretical saturation (n=28). Data were collected using the in-depth interview method and analyzed using the three-level coding technique. In the quantitative phase, to determine the most important influencing factors on the graduate's unemployment, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The validity and reliability of the research tool in different phases were confirmed using triangulation, interviews with experts and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α≥ 0.86). The findings showed that solving socio-cultural, economic, governance and academic problems related to the unemployment of graduates (such as weakness in entrepreneurial culture, desire for government employment, the prevalence of degree orientation, excessive inflation, failure to attract investors to the province, inconsistency between market needs and university outputs) can significantly contribute to reducing the graduates unemployment rate.

Universities are one of the main actors for realizing the Iranian Islamic model of progress. It is important that universities, taking into account the considerations arising from this model, build a plan for excellence and reflect the coordinates of Iranian Islamic progress in this plan. New approaches in planning are based on building the future through identifying and realizing desirable scenarios with a forward-looking approach. Therefore, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources based on the experience and achievements of strategic planning (1400-1395) and the compilation of the Entrepreneurial University document, with the intellectual synergy of faculty members, scientific assistants, technologists and entrepreneurs, managers and experts, students, graduates, and researchers in the field of higher education took action to compile the first future mapping of the excellence of the university in the perspective of 1425. This document is not a certain destination or a set of deterministic pre-determined goals, but draw a connected and chained set of values, strategic orientations and corresponding executive mechanisms based on a systemic understanding of the state of the university, not as an institution, but as an ecosystem of innovation. Moreover this document provides a framework for developing operational plans, monitoring and revising strategic orientations in the path of excellence. Any reformation and seeking for excellence requires its own assumptions and requirements, whether at the university level, or at a higher level, in the whole governance system of higher education, the most important of which have been mentioned in this document.

The purpose of this study is the explanation of concept of knowledge management with the approach of research and development and innovation based on the grounded theory method in the country's cement industry. In order to collect data in the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were used which the interviewees were experts in the field of cement in the country and were purposefully selected. In order to model, Strauss and Corbin's version of Grounded Theory has been used. In this process, 53 concepts and 24 categories have been created and grouped in the form of 6 axises of grounded Theory. To select a statistical sample, 90 managers and experts in the field of cement were selected by the available sampling method. In the quantitative part of the model, the structural equation modeling method was approved using Smart PLS software. Based on these analyses, the effect of causal conditions on the main phenomenon is equal to 0.704, the effect of the main phenomenon on the strategy is equal to 0.813, the effect of background conditions on the strategy is equal to 0.747, the effect of intervening conditions on the strategy is equal to 0.559 And the effect of strategy on the outcome is equal to 0.753

In a world where businesses are moving towards personal relationships and building trust, personal branding has become more and more a priority. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to present a personal branding model in the development of small and medium enterprises. The research method is mixed). In the first stage, the grounded theory method was used, and in the second stage, a questionnaire survey was used. The target population in the qualitative section includes all experts and academic experts in the field of brand management, business management and entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs from two scientific and executive fields in Iran and in the quantitative section managers and entrepreneurs of small and medium enterprises and graduate students from business management. The information extracted from the interviews was analyzed in a multi-step coding method. The findings were compiled in the framework of the paradigm model. These include causal conditions, mediating conditions (types of legal infrastructure, competitive environment of the domestic market and favorable international conditions), contextual conditions (individual and management competence, and the existence of required infrastructure including networking and social and cultural factors), strategies (types of trust-building strategies, creating differentiation, brand analysis and evaluation strategies) and consequences (business development, social acceptance, increasing incomes and money circulation). The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that the path coefficient for all the components of the research and the defined paths between the variables and constructs of the model are positive and significant and the model has a good fit.

The success of rural production cooperatives plays an important role in the modern agricultural system, the empowerment and development of rural communities. The performance of these cooperative companies is formed by various factors and depends on it. In this regard, the present research has investigated the recognition and analysis of the effective structures on the success of rural production cooperatives in Golestan province. The current research is a descriptive-survey type, the statistical population of this research consists of 19,612 people from 48 active rural production cooperatives, and the sample number was 377 people obtained through the Kargesi Morgan table. Sampling was done in a random stratified manner. The researcher-made questionnaire was a research measurement tool, whose content validity was confirmed using experts' opinions. The values obtained from the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) showed the convergent validity and adequate reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS23 software and Smart PLS3 software was used to model structural equations. The results obtained from the model showed that increasing group cohesion and solidarity with a coefficient of 0.933 and increasing productivity, performance and effectiveness with a coefficient of 0.903 at the 99% confidence level were the most important structures affecting the success of rural production cooperatives. The results showed that the success of rural production cooperatives has a significant difference in the groups of the type of membership in the cooperative, education, receiving facilities from the cooperative and participating in training courses.

In order to start a business in the sports industry, it is necessary to strengthen the empowerment of students. On the other hand, in the way of empowering students, there are many obstacles that have not been paid much attention in previous researches. This research, focusing on physical education students, seeks to identify and analyze the driving and inhibiting factors of empowering physical education students in sports entrepreneurship. This research was done in two stages. In the first stage, based on conducting qualitative interviews, a list of related factors was extracted. The second stage, based on a questionnaire survey and by collecting information from 384 physical education students, evaluated the list identified in the first stage. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that three types of factors include, scientific and technological facilities, the presence of motivated students and access to facilities and infrastructure as driving factors and four factors include, the weakness of the educational system, administrative and legal barriers, financial limitations and the weakness of legal support has been summarized as the inhibiting factors. The results of this model indicated that 59.72% of the total percentage of variance explanation is related to the inhibiting factors and 40.28% is related to the driving factors. The results of the comparative tests showed that there is a significant difference between the driving factors in terms of the degree of interest in the field of study, having expertise and skills, as well as the employment status among the students.