Safinah al-nejat
Volume:8 Issue: 29, Winter 2023

The book “Religion in the Progress of Perfection” has been authored by Mr. Hossein Modarresi Tabatabai based on two aims 1 –Introduction of the history of the Shia sect as an ideological incident in Islam to the Western and non-Muslim readers. 2 – Recognition of thegradual progress and perfection of the Shiite school in the first three Islamic centuries. The first section captioned “Rights and responsibilities” includes a brief glance at the Shiite history till the beginning of the minor occultation, in which a great portion of criticism and analysis has taken place. Traditions relied upon in the book “Religion in the Progress of Perfection”about Imamate, occultation of Imam Mahdi (a.t.f.s.), etc. have been taken from Shiite sources like al-Mahaasin of Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Khalid al-Barqi (r.a.), al-Kafi of Shaikh al-Kulaini (r.a.), al-Ghaibah of Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim al-Nomani (r.a.), Ikhteyaar-o-Marefat al-Rejaal of Shaikh Toosi (r.a.), etc. which have been analysed in this article.

What has been discussed so far are the questions that Corona and evil pose to religious teachings. But some of the problems that Corona creates for religious beliefs go back to some philosophical foundations. The next two discussions deal with these topics: In the discussion of supplication, as well as Qadha and Qadar, as well as the knowledge and power of the infallible, we explained that God and the infallibles can destroy Corona and can do so in two ways, one using natural causes, and the other through violations of natural causality, and miracles.Now the question arises that if natural causation is a part of the principle of causality and the principle of causality cannot be violated, how can God and the infallibles intervene in the world and eliminate evil through miracles, thus violating natural causality?

This article aims at clarifying this point that from the root (v-l-y: ی-ل-و (only two meanings can be inferred: first, "closeness " or being continuous and behind each other. Second, “guardianship” , being allowed to manage one’s life, and being a commanding officer and so on . After these two meanings have been proven regarding the root of vali, we express (vali) in the form of فعیول has only been heard in the second meaning, and therefore, this word has no meaning other than guardianship and one allowed to manage. Other meanings of this word have been justified in the following and we believe that the other meanings that have been mentioned for it are either examples of the meaning of guardian or the requirements of it. The result that can be obtained from this article directly plays a role in the use of Shia texts on the Imamate of Hazrat Ali, such as the verse of vilayat and Hadith Ghadir; because if the word vali ولوی and Mulla مووال mean only one thing, there will be no doubt about the meaning of these texts .

Some of the words of the Quran are used in a way that refers to our goal, that is, indicating the situations in relation to humans that they have to realize. The review of these words specify that their fields do not match in terms of width and narrowness.