فصلنامه انتظام اجتماعی
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

Work and family life should have a mutual effect and a complementary role on each other. By working, the needs of the family are met, and the support of the family provides the mental and physical strength of the employees to successfully do things, and this is realized when there is a balance between work and life. In this regard, the aim of this research is to provide work-life balance solutions for Greater Tehran Metropolitan Women Police.

In order to provide solutions for improving work-life balance, the qualitative method of theme analysis and semi-structured interview technique were used with experts who had sufficient knowledge of the mission, structure and programs of police women. The sample size was 13 people who were selected in a non-random and purposeful way. For the validity of qualitative research, interviews can be recoded.

The solutions of the interviewees regarding providing services for work-life balance were categorized into six main categories, 25 subcategories and 28 categories. For the actions of the organization in this field, six main categories, 27 subcategories and 30 code categories were obtained. The strategies for better performance of the role of mother in five main categories, 12 sub-categories and 13 categories and the suggestions of the interviewees for a better work-life balance of police women were categorized in five main categories, 25 sub-categories and 28 categories (solutions).

In the field of practical solutions of organizations in the direction of work-life balance, such as "the possibility of keeping and caring for children, paying attention to women when they are sent to missions, preventing injuries caused by their jobs, reforming the organizational structure to promote women's careers and non-discrimination between women and the men" was presented and in the field of practical solutions for families to balance work and life, three solutions were proposed.

The experience of being victimized during childhood and adolescence is one of the factors that can have such an impact on the victimized child and adolescent that can be considered the reason for turning to delinquency in adulthood. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effective factors in preventing the victimization of children and adolescents in cyberspace.

In terms of its objectives, this study is of an applied research type and in terms of research method, it is a survey study. The statistical population was the parents of children who were victimized in cyberspace, school administrators and teachers who had the experience of encountering children and adolescents who were victimized in cyberspace; 384 people formed the statistical sample. The sampling method has been done as a snowball. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha of 0.94. The face validity of the questionnaire was checked by professors, specialists, and experts, and it was confirmed after content corrections were applied. The data was analyzed using the one-sample t-test and regression analysis and SPSS software.

The findings of the research have shown that the mean scores of the two variables of "the role of family and school" in preventing child and adolescent victimization were higher than the mean. Using the equation of the regression line, the role of family and school in preventing the victimization of children and adolescents in cyberspace was compared. The correlation coefficient between growth-oriented prevention and the role of school and family in prevention was 0.898, which shows a very strong and direct correlation between the variables. Due to the directness of the relationship, with the increase in the amount of family and school prevention, the amount of developmental prevention increases.

The results indicate that the role of the family is greater than the role of the school in preventing the victimization of children and adolescents in cyberspace through attention and supervision of children's activities.

Security is considered one of the necessities of human life, so that since the beginning of history, the most time and money have been spent in different societies to establish security. The current research has been carried out with an emphasis on identifying unsafe points and providing local solutions in order to improve the sense of security among women living in the 19th district of Tehran Municipality.

In this study, qualitative research method and mixed content analysis strategy was used. The target community was women in the 19 districts of Tehran and the samples were selected by targeted sampling. In the data collection phase, the semi-structural and non-participatory observation tools were used and theoretical saturation was obtained after the 27th</sup> interview. The analysis of the qualitative data was done using the MAXDA 2020 software with the directive coding method.

The findings show that the most important causes of insecurity among women are the lack of visibility of place, light and lighting, and visual pollution, emphasizing the presence of homeless and addicts in public spaces, especially "neighborhood gardens". The next case, which is of great importance in creating insecurity in the region, was mentioned under the index of insecure and defenseless urban spaces, the two elements of "Kholazir" and "Kooreha". Due to its fully masculine activities and staff and brick kilns because of its activities and tutorials, they have played an important role in creating a sense of insecurity in the region.

To minimize the sense of insecurity in the region and its negative consequences, projects need to be planned to "create and strengthen local social oversight" with a community-based approach and, on the other hand, brick kilns and the market of kholazir should be organized. Social oversight can be established and strengthened both by official organizations, including law enforcement, and by local community through neighborhood-based social facilitation and promotion plans.

The environment is surrounded by many factors affecting human actions and behavior. The fraud, which is an environmental phenomenon, is affected by destructive environmental factors. Therefore, the increasing development of technology has led to new ways that the offenders use. So criminalization also requires a specific dynamics to make its methods of continuous change. Investigating the context of the formation of internet fraud mass plays an important role in this change and dynamics. This study sought to understand the strategic organizational environment in the criminalization of Internet fraud (with a law enforcement-social approach).

The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population of the research was 85 commanders, managers and professors of the police, and the sample size was specified by 70 people using the Morgan table. The method of data collection was a library and field, and the collection tool was a note-taking (both physical and internet) and a researcher-made questionnaire whose content and face validity were confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient test (0.87 ). The data analysis was performed using Friedman's ranking test.

In the component of organizational opportunities, the indicators of the existence of national, regional and international databases; the existence of legal, legal capacities, upstream opportunistic documents; and the existence of resources and secretaries to help collect information to accelerate the reduction of Internet fraud are ranked first to third. In the component of organizational threats, the increasing development indicators of internet fraud in real and virtual space; the existence of an economic, social and cultural context and many motivations to commit the crime of internet fraud; the lack of experienced judges and specialized prosecutions for Internet fraud crimes came first to third.

Considering organizational opportunities and threats (such as the use of artificial intelligence capabilities, providing interactive training between judicial and law enforcement, establishing a comprehensive information system and adopting legal approach), the success of the police in the crime of internet fraud will increase.

Divorce is a social issue and includes the legal dissolution of marriage, and as a social injury, it affects the increase of other social injuries. In the meantime, the police can have a social impact on reducing the phenomenon of divorce, while raising the level of awareness of the people in the community and also eliminating the social contexts of crime, provide reasons for creating security, especially in the social dimension. Therefore, the aim of this research was to identify the impact of social prevention on the phenomenon of divorce.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of method it is a descriptive-survey type. The method of collecting data was a mixture of library and field studies. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and artificial data and the mean equivalent were used in this research. The statistical population included 100 police officers working in the police station and outposts of Roodsar city. Data analysis was done using SPSS software and linear and multivariate regression tests.

Four techniques of 1) requirements management, 2) individual and social empowerment, 3) strengthening social and cultural interventions, and 4) raising awareness and reforming religious beliefs, respectively, have had the greatest impact in preventing the phenomenon of divorce. In other words, "needs management" had the most impact and "awareness and reform of religious beliefs" had the least impact.

The police, in cooperation with the executive bodies, in implementing the divorce prevention document, by strengthening interactions and wide participation and developing counseling and social work centers, will be able to prevent the phenomenon of divorce, which is rooted in the emergence of some other crimes, such as addiction, theft, etc.

One of the most important measures that successful organizations take to improve their effectiveness is correct and timely diagnosis. According to the importance of this category, in the present study, the pathology of the quality and excellence model of I.R.I. Police was investigated in line with the transformation and organizational development plan in the police stations of Kurdistan province.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of the nature of the data it is quantitative and of a survey type. The tool for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this research was the commanders, middle managers and knowledgeable employees in the field of Makna project in the police command of Kurdistan province and the clients of the police stations who were selected by simple random sampling method. The sample size was determined according to the accessibility and the availability based on the scientific method and according to Morgan's table. Finally, 150 questionnaires (80 clients and 70 employees) were distributed in different departments considering proportionate allocation. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the opinion of the professors and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.952. The SPSS software was used for data analysis.

The findings of the research show that among the damage dimensions of the Makna plan in the police command of Kurdistan province, the most damage is related to "organizational damage in the police station environment" and "group damage in the field of competitive atmosphere" and the lowest amount of damage is related to "individual damage in the field of patterns" "behavioral" and "organizational damages in the field of processes" according to the clients and employees of the police station. The rank average of the damage dimensions of the Makna project in police stations has a difference, and according to the results of the chi-square test (10.936) and the obtained significance level (Sig.: 0.012), it can be said that the difference between these averages is significant.

The results showed that the existing situation of organizational, group and individual injuries of the police stations of the Makna plan in the police command of Kurdistan province is not suitable and has a significant difference from the desired situation.

Considering the importance of social capital and its effect in achieving organizational goals, investigating the role of public assistance in attracting social capital of special police command units was considered as the main goal of this research.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of method it is a correlational type. The statistical population included the citizens of the 11th district of Tehran metropolitan (1000 individuals), and the statistical sample of 277 people was selected by simple random method. Data collection method was descriptive and the research tool was questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS regression software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Cronbach's alpha test was used to evaluate the reliability of questionnaire questions.

The Pearson correlation coefficient of the two variables of public assistance and attracting social capital of the special units of the police command is 0.644, which is significant at the 5% level, and there was a direct and positive relationship between the two variables at a high level. Therefore, the hypothesis of the research based on the relationship between "public assistance and attracting social capitals of special police command units" was confirmed.

With the role it plays in natural crises such as floods, earthquakes and riots in the society, as well as the activities it carries out during the Arbaeen procession, the special unit has improved its position and won the trust of the public. This way helps to attract social capital.