فصلنامه رویکردهای نوین در مهندسی عمران
سال هفتم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

Determining of discharge and the height of the run-off are considered to be the most basic hydrological elements of a basin in relation to the flooding of the basin, so that whenever the intensity of rainfall is greater than the capacity of water infiltration into the soil, the surface runoff flows over the basin and considering that The physiographic features of the basin are relatively stable, a direct relationship can be established between precipitation and runoff. Therefore, in this research, using physiographic and precipitation data, the amount of runoff in the central the Alborz sub-basins is investigated using the methods of Justin, Ikar, Ketain, England, Vermuel and Khozala. The results show that it is possible to determine the difference between Run-off by Justin's method and other mentioned methods gave a power relationship and a linear relationship between precipitation and runoff in different methods, that the estimation of runoff using Ikar's method has RMSE=0.0506, which is very close to Justin's method.

Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that have entered the field of surveying engineering with the rapid development of science and technology. The important factor in the development of UAVs is that they have the advantages of miniaturization, high maneuverability, and the ability to perform difficult tasks compared to manned aircraft. By improving the knowledge related to sensors and equipping drones with modern sensors, the process of remote sensing by these efficient drones has been gradually operationalized. UAVs are equipped with three infrastructures, air, ground and advanced information collection system to send location information remotely. The ability to fly at a low altitude allows drones to be successful in sending high resolution images and the data received from them is very accurate. Also, the use of drones provides the necessary ground for using several sensors simultaneously, which is effective in increasing the speed of accurate measurement of a geographical area. Since the country of Iran has a wide area and is very diverse in terms of geographical features (forests, pastures, deserts, seas, etc.), it is necessary to use new drone technologies for mapping and obtaining data. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the new technologies of smart drones for accurately receiving spatial information and remote sensing, and to explain to the audience how to optimally use this spatial information.

The construction industry is known to be one of the most dangerous industries in terms of work-related fatalities, injury rates, and workers' compensation. Therefore, safety risk assessment is a key and fundamental step that must be done in the management of large construction projects. Small and medium-sized construction companies that usually do small projects do not have a great desire to manage risk in this kind of projects, and they also do not have the necessary knowledge and information in this regard. One of the reasons for this reluctance can be seen in the fact that companies are forced to provide lower amounts for the project due to the intense competitive environment; Therefore, they cannot spend more on risk management. This descriptive-analytical research has been written in order to identify the risk management process in the construction of small projects. In this research, using previous research studies and gathering and important activities to identify risks and assess safety risks in the construction of projects in this research were evaluated and analyzed.

Steel slit damper is a replaceable and repairable tool that is made of a standard section with a number of slits in its core. The mechanism of this type of damper is such that before the bracing member buckles, the slit damper yields and the buckling instability of the brace is removed from the frame. In this study, the cyclic performance of the seesaw energy dissipation system with a slit damper with fixed and ellipse cavity in ABAQUS software has been investigated. The fundamental concept of the seesaw system is the quasi-linear motion mechanism, which enables the bracing members to remain in tension during vibration. In The following, the assessing and comparing the stiffness, the final strength and the amount of energy absorption of the samples are conducted. The results showed that by reducing the distance between the cavities of damper, the position of maximum stress occurs in the web plate of damper between slits and close to the sides and part of it near the flange plates. Further increase in the curvature of the holes reduced the amount and yield range of the damper so that the yielding range tended to the boundary of the slit walls. Also, by increasing the thickness by 40%, a similar result was obtained with the increase in the curvature of the holes, so that the entire distance is yielded between the cavities of damper on the sides.

Quality management is a part of comprehensive management that defines the quality policy, its goals and tasks and applies them in the areas of planning, control, assurance, and quality improvement within the system. In construction projects, one of the main phases of the project is the construction phase, which can achieve the desired goals by defining and applying the quality management system and construction quality control planning. This article examines the evolution of automation systems for the construction of high-rise buildings in Japan, the background and necessity of their formation, and searches for quality management approaches. One of the most efficient methods is computer-assisted quality management. This method in the evolutionary process of similar construction methods as a part of a construction method in recent decades has led to favorable results, including cost reduction, time reduction, and stabilization and improvement of quality in various dimensions.