نشریه مطالعات نقد ادبی
پیاپی 40 (پاییز 1394)

Palestine problem is a global problem which has had a special manifestation in the contemporary poetry and people suffering pain of the bitter colonization and occupation around the world, have paid special attention to it. Libertarians and freedom fighters from different countries and with different languages have spoken about the oppression and persecution of the usurpers of the olive land and have protested against it. Algerian poets, who have tasted the bitterness of colonialism themselves, have paid special attention to Palestine in their poems. Izz al-Din Mahyoubi is one of these poets whom various aspects of Palestine Issue could be observed in his poems. He has considered critically the Palestinian children martyrdom is. He considers Qods as his own homeland and has always considered the children sling martyrs alive. Using descriptive-analytical approach, this paper attempt to explain and analyze the poems of this Algerian poet on Palestine and his commitment on it by reviewing Court "Gharabin Lilmilad Al-Fajr"  .

Childishness is one of the most significant levels in human growth process that plays important role in creation of man's personality. Therefore, educational specialists, psychologists, sociologists and belletrists have paid special attention to this issue. Abdulkarim Karmi as one of the great Palestinian poets from the first generation focuses on the subject of Palestinian kid and his related issues as one of his poem concerns. That’s why the poet has appropriated a part of his poem works to childish poems in order to achieve his educative and aesthetic aims. The poet's childish poems are investigated in the present article and the quality of suffer and favorites of Palestinian children are discussed in his poems. As the result, considering the Palestinian child is one of the most emotional themes of AbdulkarimKarami's poem. The poet's attention to Palestinian kids and their related issues is as sign of his high hope to bright future of Palestine and its freedom by the hands of these children.

Mohammad Ali Jamal Zadeh and yahya haghe in Arabic and Persian literature, especially short stories are My Rvnd of Pshgaman Dastan Nvysy. Although not among the authors linked, but at the same time between the two has led Dastan Hayshan content is somewhat closer together. The central issue in Dastan "Persian sugar" from Jmal Zadh and "I Hashim Qandil" Hazrat Zainab Yahya chandelier right in the eye-eat, Msylh Y confrontation of East and West. In fact, the authors intend to cultural By Hvyty readers and suggest the abandonment of Eastern Snt Hay and replace them with Jlvh Hay to criticize the West. Although the authors at the end of the reconciliation of East and West Rsydh And but early fascination with respect to the appearances of material civilization and the people of East Frngy Maby well Kshydh And image. This article is an important symbol of the confrontation between East and West Jlvh Hay story and decrypts the show. In addition, the outstanding elements of fiction such as personality, viewpoint, setting and theme Dastan Ha Drvn Mayh and the main axes of the pains. Religion, sex, language, dress and symbols of the main topics discussed in this article.

Concept of migration as a political and social phenomenon has presence in immigrants’ cultural creative process, people who have left their home country forcibly or voluntarily. Marginalized conditions, geographical separation and cultural interaction with the host country are reflected in migration novels as kind of literature with marginalized voice, opposing existing situation in the country and present totalitarian realities which is critical mirroring of country’s political, social and cultural circumstances. Geographical separation of migration society content from home country’s realities content has caused the cultural phenomenon of migration literature’s critical declaration of autonomy, consequently with temporary engagement between migrant society content and the host country’ s, fundamental structure appears in integral content which comes in its whole form in novels of this literature genre. So the “field” of dominant realities of country of origin society, complication and fraction between migrant society and the host society is stated in migrant society wandering isolated bodies literature quest, in fictional narrative of the ones pushed out of their homeland struggling with identity crisis, not only as source of inspiration but also as subject of migrant thought process, be examined in characters interactions and  areas of narrative time and place is occurrence in  the world of text . This research will attempt to study success of migration literature genre in introduction of Afghanistan society through, comprehension of position of the genre in Afghan literature, study of evolution process of writing novels among migrant authors, and also with resorting to critical study of sociology of literature and “field’’ theory of Developmental structuralist school ,paid  To reflected the temporary situation of immigration categories at the narrative time and location  of The novel Afghan refugees.

Sayed Mortadha Alamolhoda was a Theologian, jurist, commentator, thinker on Islamic issues, literary man and a critic. He wrote various books about mentioned fields but he has not been studied from the prospective of literature as well as his other specialties. The only works done about his literary works are a few books and articles. In this article, the author aimed to consider meta-criticism in his works by studying his literary and critical works. The issue of meta-criticism is one of those arguments which is expressed in the critical society just recently. by studying the collection of his works, we could come to understanding that  Sayed Mortadha had written most of his literary critical notions in his three works of 'Amali', 'al-shahab', teyfol- khial'. He had promoted his knowledge by clarifying the critical notions, prevalent in his era, and also by means of theories of  critical and literary theorists such as, "Jahiz", Ibn Qotaybah" "Amidi" and … . He also had proceeded to criticize some theories and critical notions of his time by using his other specialties; in other words he had used criticism of criticism or "meta-criticism" on those critical theories such as, vocab and conception, figures of speech, equilibrium and … and he had used his specific techniques in analyzing, studying and  interpreting  literary works. He had also sometimes theorized about critical issues and suggested a new style of criticism in criticizing literary works.

The words of BOOD and NABOOD are two opposites words that they are root in eastern literatureand the most it`s sign popular wordswere BOOD and NABOOD. This is showed that first old stories of the East structured on the story elements and permeate into west fiction, the second concept of antagonism in this two opposites words was dialectically philosophy to help story elements and move to formation of unification that the meaning of story. This concept was regardless of formed visionof author and its meaning. This dialectically function was studied in many elements as angle vision, space, character and …… .Some of the this function have antagonism and some when was interpreted change concept.  Sometimes this antagonism existed between one element as antibiosis and also This study could be one angle an element and other element for example antagonism between character and space.