نشریه پژوهش های مالی و رفتاری در حسابداری
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 8، بهار 1402)

After the global crisis of 2008 and the severe fluctuations of financial markets around the world, the study of investor behavior has received more attention in the field of behavioral finance, and investors' emotions have been one of the key factors determining market movements. Behavioral finance is an evolving field that studies how and what. In this context, it seems important to study the role of emotions such as fear, greed, expectation, as well as the impact of the unconscious mind and beliefs in shaping investment decisions and its impact on market efficiency. This thesis seeks to find an important impact. The most behavioral financial concepts (or cognitive biases) such as overconfidence, stereotypes, familiarity and reliance on individual investors' decisions and market efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange.The primary data for testing the research model was collected by distributing a structured questionnaire among 400 individual investors active in the Tehran Stock Exchange, and the data of 386 investors was used as the basis for processing. Also, structural equation modeling or partial least squares method was used for data analysis.The findings of this research show that there is a positive and significant relationship between overconfidence biases and representation with the perceived efficiency of the market and investors' decisions, as well as a negative and significant relationship between familiarity with market efficiency and investors' decisions. Yes, but the significance of the relationship between these two variables with reliance bias was not confirmed.

Moral characteristics, including narcissism, have a great impact on managers' actions. Studies show that it is possible that the severity of narcissism has different effects on the corporate social activity. Considering the role of institutional investors' perspectives regarding the company's decisions, some of studies have emphasized the impact of ownership of institutional investors on corporate social activity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the linear and non-linear relationship between CEO narcissism and corporate social activity with the moderating role of ownership of institutional investors. In the present research, 60 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange were examined in a period of 7 years. To measure the narcissism of CEO, the results of two criteria (WHR ratio and signature area) have been used. To measure corporate social activity, a checklist including 44 options in six dimensions has been used. The results shows that the CEO narcissism has a negative linear relationship with corporate social activity, and the ownership of institutional investors weakens this negative relationship. Also, there is a significant U-shaped nonlinear relationship between CEO narcissism and corporate social activity, and the ownership of institutional investors widens the curve and weakens the effect of narcissism on corporate social activity at different levels.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the components of ethical programs of companies on reducing the unethical behavior of accountants. Therefore, the impact of the components of punishment, monitoring, internal reporting, code of ethics, ethics support service and ethics training on the unethical behavior of accountants was investigated. The statistical population of this research is accountants and financial employees of manufacturing companies in Isfahan province in 2022, and the data collection tool is questionnaire. Structural equation method with partial least squares approach was used to test research hypotheses and SmartPLS 3 software was used for data analysis. The results show that the components of monitoring, punishment, code of ethics, ethics support service and ethics training have negative and significant effect on reducing the unethical behavior of accountants, and the effect of the internal reporting component on reducing the unethical behavior of accountants is negative but insignificant. Also, the difference between the components of ethical programs of companies on reducing the unethical behavior among subgroups of female and male accountants was investigated, indicating a significant difference in the relationship between ethics support service and unethical behavior between female and male accountants. The results of this research show that in general, companies can reduce unethical behavior in accountants by implementing ethical programs.

Today, having enough knowledge and understanding of investors about the existence of anomalies as well as the type of reaction of industries in the capital market can have a major impact on the economic prosperity of the capital market. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of calendar anomalies on the index returns of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange in the field of automobile industry in the period of 2015-2018. The research was done based on the random dominance analysis method and using the Electra technique, which is a new method in financial research. The findings show that the three main hypotheses that there is a significant difference between the efficiency of the automobile industry index on Saturday to Wednesday, in the first, second, third and fourth weeks of each month and in the months of April to March, all three are rejected. which indicates the inefficiency of automobile industry companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, according to the findings of the research, it was determined that among the days of the week, Saturday and among the weeks of each month, the first week, is the most suitable day and week for investing in the automobile industry. In addition, the best month for investing in the automobile industry is March and the worst month is June.

The main purpose of the current research is the impact of work complexity, auditor's job rating and acceptance of inefficient behavior on audit judgment: the moderating role of independence. The statistical population of this research includes all auditors working in audit institutions and audit organizations in Iran. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 192 people was considered. The data needed to examine and analyze the research hypotheses were collected through a standard questionnaire, and path analysis regression with SmartPLS software was used to examine the relationships between variables.The results of the research showed that the interactive variable of independence* work complexity which has a significance level of 0.036 and less than 0.05, it can be concluded that the independence variable can moderate the relationship between work complexity and audit judgment and work complexity It has a positive and significant effect on audit judgment. Therefore, hypothesis H1 is accepted in this study. The interactive variable of independence* the auditor's job rating, which has a significance level of 0.042 and less than 0.05, it can be concluded that the independence variable can adjust the auditor's job rating with audit judgment, therefore, hypothesis H2 in this research accepted. The interactive variable of independence* acceptance of inefficient behavior which has a significance level of 0.020 and less than 0.05, so it can be concluded that independence can moderate the relationship between acceptance of inefficient behavior and audit judgment, therefore, hypothesis H3 in this The research has been accepted.

The purpose of comparative study of the dark traits of the personality on corporate sustainability with evidence of the Tehran Stock Exchange is an applied study and a descriptive-correlational study method. The statistical population of the study included activists, investors, agents, experts and senior experts of Tehran Stock Exchange companies, who were selected with a simple 240 random sampling strategy. In this study, the standard questionnaire of the Digen (Jonson & Webster, 2010) was used with three subscales of Machiavellism (eliminating all ethics), narcissism and psychosis. Corporate sustainability, including two subscales of environmental preferences and social preferences, was used by Plaster and Salver (2021). Research data analysis was performed with the model of structural equations and Smart PLS software. The results suggest that the dark traits of managers' personality have a negative impact on corporate sustainability; removing ethics has a negative impact on environmental preferences. Narcissism has a positive effect on environmental preferences. Psychosis has a negative impact on environmental preferences; Removing ethics has a negative impact on social preferences. Narcissism has a positive impact on social preferences. Psychosis has a negative impact on social preferences. Managers' dark personality traits have a positive impact on corporate sustainability by modulating managerial authority. The dark personality traits of managers have a negative impact on environmental preferences by modulating managerial authority, but this effect was not significant. Managers' dark personality traits have a negative impact on social preferences by modulating managerial authority.

 Cash is one of the important and vital resources of any economic unit. Controlling risks related to cash or liquidity risk, due to its high importance for the survival of the business unit, should always be considered by the management in financial decisions. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of managers' emotional intelligence on liquidity risk. This research is a correlational descriptive research in terms of its purpose. The research community includes all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2022 and the managers of these companies. In order to analyze the data, first the pre-tests of Jarek Bara, DK Folder unit root, White's test, Durbin-Watson and Pearson's correlation coefficient were performed and then to test the research hypotheses, the multiple regression test was used with the help of Eviuz software. According to the data analysis, the results indicated that managers' emotional intelligence, managers' self-awareness, managers' self-regulation, managers' self-motivation, managers' empathy and managers' social skills have an effect on companies' liquidity risk.