International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
Volume:11 Issue: 3, Summer 2023

Important genes that may be expressed in women candidates for mastectomy due to breast cancer are important; The expression of these genes in these women can play an important role in the treatment of these patients; The aim of this study was investigating the level of expression of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase genes in mastectomies women.

Procedure: 

After cell culture, the cell suspension was planted in 96-well microplates and treated for 24 hours in a CO2 incubator at 37°C. In order to synthesize cDNA, extracted RNA molecules were used with the help of Fermentaz Revert Aid TM kit, produced in the United States.

The concentration of 500 micrograms of nanoparticles caused the death of more than 60% of MCF 7 cells (P< 0.001) while there was no significant difference in all concentrations of nanoparticles on the normal HEK293 cell line .

The anti-tumor effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles were shown in increasing the expression of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line of mastectomy candidates.

Diabetes is a common disease affecting majority of populations worldwide. Diabetes is characterized by high levels of circulating glucose and leads to most microvascular and macro vascular complications. Bone marrow vascular disruption and increased adiposity are also linked to various complications in type II diabetes mellitus. In addition to these complications, type 2 diabetic patients also have fragile bones caused by faulty mineralization. Diabetic osteopathy is one of the diabetes mellitus complications. N-acetyl cysteine as an antioxidant can improve the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts in a high glucose medium. Human adipose-derived stem cells were cultured in different glucose concentrations, and MTT checked their proliferation and survival. Osteogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells was analyzed by examining the expression of RUNX2 and osterix genes by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The alkaline phosphatase expression was analyzed after 14 days of differentiation of these cells. N-acetyl cysteine antioxidant was added to the differentiation medium, and its effect was studied on the Adipose stem cells differentiation into osteoblasts. the finding of the study show N acetyl cysteine has antioxidant effect on the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of adipose stem cells into osteoblasts in a high glucose medium significantly. N-acetyl cysteine improved osteogenic parameters as RUNX2, Osterix, alkaline phosphatase in high glucose culture condition. Generally, the results of the present study show the protective effects of N-acetyl cysteine on the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of adipose derived stem cells into osteoblasts in a high glucose medium and can be used as an antidiabetic drug in the treatment of osteopathy caused by diabetes.

The objective of the present study was to assess the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Pediocin, a bacteriocin extracted from cheese, versus a subset of bacteria linked to foodborne diseases. The agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Pediocin. The results showed that Pediocin had a potent bactericidal effect against all the tested bacterial strains. The crystal violet staining method was used to assess Pediocin's antibiofilm efficacy, and the results showed that Pediocin significantly inhibited the development of biofilms by the tested bacterial strains. Investigating the effects of temperature, pH, and medium make-up improved Pediocin output. It was discovered that a temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 6.5, and a medium made up of tryptone, yeast extract, and glucose were the ideal conditions for the creation of pediocin. Pediocin demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains, with the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Helicobacter pylori. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Pediocin against the tested bacterial strains varied from 0.5 to 32 µg/mL. Among them, the lowest MIC was observed against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae. Similarly, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged from 2 to 64 µg/mL, with the lowest MBC observed against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae. The large-scale manufacture of Pediocin, which may be utilized as a natural food preservative to stop the growth of pathogenic bacteria and lower the frequency of foodborne diseases will be made easier by the optimized production circumstances. The potential of Pediocin for food preservation and the security of its use require more research.

Azivash (Corchorus olitorius L.) is an edible and medicinal plant that can be cooked either fresh or dried. It is cultivated in different regions including Asia and Africa. In the cultivation of wild okra, the possibility of obtaining herbage yield for fresh leaf consumption without negative consequence on seed yield can provide an alternative economic return. In addition, selecting a suitable sowing date to achieve the highest seed yield, can help seed producers maximize their yield per unit of land area during seed production.

To determine the effect of repeated cutting and sowing date on herbage and seed yield of Azivash (Corchorus olitorius L.), an experiment was conducted using a split-plot design based on a randomized complete block design with three sowing dates as the main plots, and three cutting treatments as sub-plots.

The sowing date and repeated cutting had a significant effect on herbage yield, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, pod length, pod dry weight, and seed yield. In general, the treatment of not cutting (Control) on June 9th sowing date produced the highest seed yield (2,895 kg/ha). Conversely, the treatment of cutting twice on July 9th sowing date had the lowest seed yield (290 kg/ha).

Based on the results, it appears that the most suitable sowing date for achieving a seed yield of 2895 kg/ha is June 9th. However, if producers aim for higher income from agricultural land through dual-purpose herbage and seed production, sowing on June 9th with once cutting would result in a herbage yield of 33,467 kg/ha and a seed yield of 2,630 kg/ha in Gorgan region.

Moringa originally belongs to India and later on it is taken up to different parts of the world. Moringa oleifera is well known ethnobotanical plant belongs to Moringaceae family of plants which is highly significant in Indian food. The immature pods, leaves are eaten as nutritious plant parts. Nowadays, this plant is of high importance in Indian market because of its medicinal and economical importance. Moringa is cultivated on large scale not only in India, but also all over the globe especially in warm countries. In this study, it was found that this plant contains secondary metabolites which are present in all parts of the plants. The analysis of secondary metabolites has been done on shade dried leaves using soxhlet method with chloroform and water as the solvent of extraction. In the qualitative estimations of these extracts, we observed presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrate, cardiac glycosides, phenols, protein, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins, resins, terpenoids, coumarins, and quinons. During the quantitative estimation, we observed that plant contains optimum concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in leaves. The higher amount of secondary metabolites indicates that this plant has anti-oxidative activity around 86.62 % with absorbance 0.13. The plant Moringa contains numerous necessary components for the growth of human being such as nutrients, vitamins, and necessary elements. It can be a desired component of human diet.

Crocus sativus (saffron) is used since ancient times as a medicine and spice. Various studies have demonstrated its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammation properties. In folkloric Iranian medicine, saffron is known as an abortifacient agent and some investigations announced it as a teratogen. The current study aimed to investigate the C. sativus extract effect on the fetal brain. The NMRI female mice were randomly divided into the control group and three saffron aquatic extract treated groups (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg of saffron aquatic extract). The fetuses were treated during 7-12 days post coitum (dpc). The fetuses were morphologically evaluated. Fetal brain tissues were investigated by histology and real-time PCR for Foxg1, Foxa2, Wif1, and Fgf8 expression. We found that three treatments reduced the number of fetuses. Fetuses of 25 mg/kg treated were significantly heavier (P<0.001) and had shorter tails (P<0.001) than controls. No difference was observed among treated and control groups in histological prospect. Foxa2 and Wif1 expressions dose-dependently increased (P<0.0001), while Foxg1 mRNA level increased in 25 mg/kg treatment (P<0.0001). Fgf8 expression decreased significantly in 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg treatments (P<0.0001 and P<0.001, respectively). These findings suggested that although no difference was observed in the histology of the fetal brain, the alteration of mentioned genes could affect the cellular biochemistry, molecular structures, and cell types in the developing brain.