نشریه آموزش و مدیریت کارآفرینی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 3، تابستان 1402)

Digital entrepreneurship is an emerging approach of innovation, so it is necessary to conduct more studies on this issue. For this purpose, the current research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between the source of control and the intention of digital entrepreneurship with the moderating role of entrepreneurship education based on the theory of planned behavior. The statistical population of the current study consisted of all students of management, information technology and computer fields of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, of which 380 people were selected by stratified random sampling. The data collection tool in this research was questionnaires and the validity and reliability of these questionnaires were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. The data was analyzed using the partial least squares method and with the help of SmartPLS software. The findings of the research showed that the source of internal control has a positive and significant relationship with the attitudes and behavioral control of digital entrepreneurship but it does not have a significant relationship with relational mental norms. In addition, entrepreneurship education plays a positive moderating role in the relationships between source of control, planning and digital entrepreneurship intention. At the end of this research, it was suggested that the trainers should pay more attention to the attitude and perceived behaviors of the learners in entrepreneurship training and that these trainings should be related to the source of internal control and planning behaviors (attitude and perceived behaviors) of the learners.

Undoubtedly, cinema can play a key role in teaching entrepreneurial qualities, especially in childhood and adolescence. For this purpose, the qualitative content analysis of selected movies in the genre of children and teenagers was done in the years 1981-2022. The upcoming research is one of the descriptive-analytical (interpretive) researches. It is based on the qualitative research paradigm and directional content analysis technique is used. The content of the film script and dialogues of the actors were used as the unit of recording themes and meaningful sentences related to the topic were identified. The purposeful sampling method was used to select the films. Accordingly, one film from each decade and a total of 4 films were examined. In order to code the themes, measuring entrepreneurial personality traits Kurd-naij et al including the dimensions of achievement seeking, internal focus of control, risk-taking, ambiguity tolerance, intellectual fluency, fantasizing, pragmatism and challenge seeking are used as the main topics in the questionnaire. The findings of this research show that the share of concepts related to entrepreneurial personality traits in the 4 selected children and adolescent movies is nearly 20% and there is no significant difference between the selected films in the use of entrepreneurial concepts. There is also a significant difference between the shares of 8 entrepreneurial personality traits in the selected films. Among them, risk-taking feature with the number of 174 sentences has the largest share and pragmatism feature with 58 sentences has the least share in the selected children and adolescent movies in the last 4 decades. Due to the increase in the tendency of children and young people towards theatrical content, movies can be an important source for modeling roles and accepting entrepreneurial personality traits and thus promoting and teaching entrepreneurial skills. Based on the results, it is recommended to institutionalize the entrepreneurial culture through the development of movies with an entrepreneurial approach, especially in the genre of children and teenagers.

The purpose of this research is to use the qualitative paradigm and Strauss Grounded Theory (SGT) method to examine and analyze the barriers facing rural women entrepreneurs in Kermanshah province. To this end, 18 rural women entrepreneurs in Kermanshah province were selected using purposeful and theoretical sampling methods; the sampling continued to reach the data saturation. The techniques used for data collection were in-depth individual interviews and note-taking. According to the findings, causal conditions (lack of sufficient financial capital and savings, inability of risk-taking due to lack of financial resources, lack of access to primary resources, etc.), context conditions (inappropriate educational, managerial, social and communication-information structures), intervening conditions (political-legal barriers and supportive barriers), strategies used by the studied population (self-esteem decrease, abandoning the business, etc.), and consequences (lack of entrepreneurial atmosphere in the village, dependence on the household head) were the results of the following study. Moreover, the results showed that the rural women are facing different barriers in entrepreneurial undertakings and this has decreased their amount of entrepreneurial behaviors and undertakings and ultimately increased their dependency level on the household head in Kermanshah Province. Based on the results, offering proper facilities, holding educational classes, informing rural women’s individual and social rights, and introducing supportive organizations to them are recommended.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of entrepreneurship profile on entrepreneurship intention considering the moderating role of university environment. This applied research is in correlational type in terms of method. The statistical population consisted of all 130 students of Entrepreneurship Department in the University of Sistan and Baluchestan. A sample of 95 people was selected using simple random sampling and Morgan table. The data gathering tool was questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined by two features of combined reliability and factor loading coefficients and was confirmed by using convergent and divergent validity. Partial least squares method in Smart PLS 3 software was used to investigate measurement and structural models as well as research hypothesis. The research findings did not confirm the moderating role of university environment toward the relationship between entrepreneurship profile and students' entrepreneurship intention but the relatively strong positive impact of the entrepreneurship profile on the students' entrepreneurship intention was confirmed. In other words, by strengthening the four variables of self-efficacy, risk-taking, innovation and sociability, which are considered as entrepreneurial profiles in this research, the entrepreneurial intention of the studied people can be increased. Also, the relationship between university environment and entrepreneurial intention was rejected; This means respondents believe that university environment does not play a role in creating entrepreneurial intention. According to the results, holding several and varied educational workshops in order to create an enchanting and stimulating environment and also inviting successful and top entrepreneurs as role models in teaching entrepreneurship is recommended.

In recent years, the topic of entrepreneurship education has received a lot of attention. The main reason for this is that the increase in the number of entrepreneurs in the society reduces problems such as unemployment, poverty and improper distribution of wealth, and it also leads to the improvement of living standards and regional development. The aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention with regard to the mediating role of entrepreneurial mindset. The statistical population of the present study includes the students in the entrepreneurship classes of the Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch in the fall of 1401, who were a total of 247 people, and among them, 150 people were selected as the statistical sample of the study using Cochran's formula. In the current research, the data collection tool was questionnaire. The data analysis of the present research was done using SPSS version 26 and Smart-PLS version 3 software at two descriptive and inferential levels. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that entrepreneurship education has an indirect and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention through the intermediary variable of entrepreneurial mindset, and entrepreneurship education indirectly explains 35% of the changes in the entrepreneurial intention variable. Moreover, the entrepreneurship education variable did not have a significant effect directly on entrepreneurial intention. The results of the study show that entrepreneurship education can pave the way for the development of entrepreneurial undertakings. The present study has practical recommendations for politicians and planners in this field.

Social entrepreneurship means innovative social value creation activities. Researchers have confirmed that this phenomenon leads to sustainable social and economic development. For the development of the contextual nature of social entrepreneurship in any specific field, its specific processes and mechanisms must be known first. Therefore, this research seeks to answer the question of how social entrepreneurship initiatives are formed in a developing country like Iran. For this purpose, a qualitative research method has been used in the way of Grounded theory. In-depth interviews were conducted with 9 social entrepreneurs who have experienced the studied process. The analysis of the structure of values and interactions of social entrepreneurs with others from childhood to the moment of creating their social initiative led to the formation of the grounded theory. The pattern obtained from this research shows that the main category that leads to the creation of social entrepreneurial initiatives is the individual's tendency towards socially responsible activities, which makes the creation of social initiatives desirable. If such a person finds it possible to create a social initiative under the influence of mediating and special environmental conditions, they take special strategies that will result in the formation of a new social entrepreneurial initiative. Based on the study results, strengthening the individuals’ social responsibility feelings through increased awareness is recommended.