نشریه مهارت های روانشناسی تربیتی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1390)

The aim of this study was the investigation and the comparison of the third-grade athletic and non-athletic high school students’ mental hygiene and educational performance in Marvdasht city. The research method was descriptive (ex-post facto).The population of the study included all athletic and non-athletic male and female third-grade high school students of Marvdasht city out of which 100 athletic and 100 non-athletic were selected as the sample, using the stratified sampling strategy. The data of this study was collected through two instruments: educational performance test (Fam & Taylor) as well as Goldberg & Hilliermental hygiene questionnaire. The data of the study were analyzed via applying both descriptive statistical methods (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical procedures (independent T-test and Analysis of Variance). The results of the study showed a meaningful difference between educational performance and mental hygiene in the athletic and non-athletic participants of the study. Further, there was no difference between the educational performance level of athletic and non-athletic students. Meanwhile, there was no difference between the mental hygiene levels of athletic and non-athletic students. Thus, it was concluded that ‘sport’ as an important variable could have a positive effect on the educational performance and mental hygiene of students, and that physical education curricula should be considered with greater emphasis.

This study aimed to conduct a comparative study of tuition and official teachers’ performance in Guilan province education. The method used in this descriptive study was causal-comparative. The population of the study consisted of 2763 tuition teachers and 19075 official teachers who empleyd in the city schools and in the department of education of guilan in the academic year of 88-89. Random and cluster sampling methods were selected in the study using Morgan formula: the number of tuition teachers was 121 and the number of official teachers was 257. To collect the data, presumptive researcher questionnare with 58 questions in spectrum of 6 degrees of Likert was used. The reliability of the instrument was estimated using the Cronbakh alpha as to be 0.82. At the level of significance of 0.05, the results showed that there was a significant difference regarding the first hypothesis (educatioal affairs), the second (classroom technique) , the seventh (collaboration with performance tesm of school) and the eighth hypothesis (cooperation in meetings) between tuition teachers and official teachers. However, about the third (education affairs), the fourth (examination of educational status), the fifth (exams) and the sixth (body-mental hygiene of students) hypotheses, there was no meaningful differnce between tuition teachers and official teachers. Also based on nineth hypothesis that there is difference in average grades between tuition and official teachers. Thus, students with official teachers had better grades that students with tution teachers.

This study was accomplished with the goal of considering the effect of self-control training on improving social skills and AD/HD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) students’ educational performance. This study followed a quasi-experimental design (pretest/posttest with a control group). The population of the study consisted of all first-grade elementary male students of Tabadkan region in Mashhad (1386-1387) from which the selected sample consisted of 60 male students. The 60 participants with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) were selected randomly; and were then divided into control and experimental groups (30 in each group, N=30). The Independent-Sample T-test was used for analyzing the data of the study. The results were indicative of a significant influence of the self-control method learning on the improvement of social progressing in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (not a progressing educational performance).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity dimensions and attachment style with a tendency towards drug abuse. The research method of this study was the ex post facto. In this study, the population of all high school students in the west province included 9504 participants out of whom, 384 were selected through cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure the Identity Dimensions (AIQ-IV) Chick et al, Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) Collins & Reid and tendency of drug abuse test (Golparvar). The validity of Identity Dimensions Questionnaire in terms of personal identity was 0.80 to 0.83, relation identity from 0.82 to 0.90, social identity from 0.80 to 0.82 and collective identity from 0.67 to 0.77. The attachment style validity in three sub-scales the social credit; dependence and anxiety were respectively 0.68, 0.71, and 0.52. The questionnaire distinguished three attachment styles: security, anxiety and avoidance. The validity test of the inclination towards drug abuse was estimated to be 0.89. In order to interpret the results, ‘multivariate regression’ test was used. The results showed that there was a relationship (P<0.05) between the social identity and the communication identity on the one hand, and drug abuse on the other. Also, among the subscales of attachment style, there was a relationship between drug abuse and dependence (P<0.05).

The purpose of this study was to survey the expectations and the factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculty members in the Islamic Azad University branches in Mazandaran province. The method of the study was descriptive. The population of the study included all full-time faculty members (N=1518) of the Islamic Azad University branches in Mazandaran province during the academic year (1389-1390). Of these, 300 were selected as the sample of the study. The instrumentation included a questionnaire whose validity was determined by a number of teachers and related professionals. The reliability was determined using the Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient as to be 0.87 (r = 0.87). The data of the study were analyzed via using the SPSS software including descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that, respectively, supplementary insurance benefits, encouragement and appreciation mechanisms received from the faculty, facilities and loans and finally, allocating the members special opportunities for continuing their education were of the highest average. Also, university management and supervision methods, job security, relationships between colleagues in the workplace, and finally, salaries and rises had the highest average among factors that affected job satisfaction.

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between personality characteristics and happiness among students in the Azadshahr branch of the Islamic Azad University. The study used a correlation-descriptive method. The population of the study included all students of Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr Branch in the academic year 1388-1389 (N=3800). A sample of 170 students was selected from among the total number of 3800 students through cluster random sampling. To determine the sample size, the Determination Table Indicator (Morgan and Kerjecy) was used. The data were collected by the ‘Five Personality Factors Questionnaire (NEO)’ and the ‘Oxford Happiness Questionnaire’, and were analyzed by using Regression, T-test for independent group and Pearson correlation. The results showed that there was a meaningful relationship between happiness and extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness as well as openness to experience.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of using audio texts as a classroom activity in teaching English speaking skill on Iranian EFL learners’ speaking ability. The questions this study tried to answer were 1) whether using audio texts might enhance a more acceptable speaking performance in Iranian learners of English at university level, and 2) whether there was a difference between the means of the experimental (treated) group and the control (placebo) group of the study. To answer the questions, 60 junior undergraduate translator trainees participated in the experiment of the study. They were randomly selected from among a population of translator trainees via an OPT test score of at least one standard deviation below the mean. They were then divided into two groups of 30 and were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. A pretest of English speaking was administered to both groups, then, they were taught speaking for 10 sessions but with different methodologies: the experimental group received a treatment of audio texts while the control group received a placebo. A posttest of speaking was then administered to both groups. The data of the study were analysed using the t-test to indicate the groups mean difference, and the degree of progress from the pretest to the posttest of the study in the experimental group was indicated by calculating the ANCOVA coefficient. The results indicated that the Iranian EFL learners in the experimental group received higher speaking score after being treated with 10 sessions of audio texts.

The purpose of this study was to identify different typologies of perfectionism and their effects on students’ attitude toward entrepreneurship. The study used descriptive method with the survey research type. The population (N=909) of this study included undergraduate students in the fields of Economics, Accounting and Management, from the Islamic Azad University-Abadan Branch in the second semester of the 1388-89 academic year. Using Cochran's formula a sample of 234 students (116 females and 118 males) was selected by multistage cluster sampling. The brief version of Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale was used for measuring perfectionism, and the entrepreneurial attitude scale was made by the researchers. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were estimated by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha with the acceptable results. The data were analyzed using the Two-Way ANOVA and cluster analysis. The Two Way ANOVA results indicated that the typology of perfectionism (healthy perfectionism, unhealthy perfectionism and normal perfectionism) had a significant effect, and gender had no significant effect on the attitude toward entrepreneurship. The results of Tukey test also showed that healthy perfectionism students had a better attitude toward entrepreneurship than other students. The results of this study can be used in teaching entrepreneurship and academic counseling.