International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Mar 2016

 The aim of this study was the evaluation of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium of reactive blue 19 dyes from textile synthetic wastewater by pomegranate seed powder. 

 This study is an experimental research, which was performed in laboratory scale. In this study, the parameters such as adsorbent dose, pH and retention time, initial concentration of dye and agitation rate have been investigated. After washing and boiling of pomegranate seeds for 2 h, they dried, milled and finally pulverized by standard ASTM sieves (40-100 mesh). Maximum adsorption wave length (λmax ) by spectrophotometer ultra violet/visible (model SP-3000 Plus) 592 nm was determined. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models and the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were analyzed. 

 According to results, the removal efficiency with adsorbent dose, retention time and agitation rate has a direct relation. Maximum adsorption occurred in the first 60 min. The removal efficiency with initial concentration of dye and pH of solution has indirect relation. The Freundlich isotherm fits the experimental data better than the other isotherms. It was recognized that the adsorption followed by pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.99). 

 Based on the results, pomegranate seeds as a new natural sorbent can be used in removal of dye and other environmental pollutants with desirable absorption capacity.

 The objective of this research was an evaluation of hand-held tools vibration acceleration such as circular saw and drill transmitted to operator's and also to determine the role of glove in vibration reduction of those tools. 

 In this study, Bruel and Kjaer Vibration meter with a model of 2231 and its analyzer, 2522, along three types of gloves have been used. Accelerometer transducer installed according to International Standard Organization (ISO) 5349:1-2 standards in the case of the operator handles the hand-held tool. In next step, the transducer was placed inside the glove. 

 The results show the most accelerated vibration in axis Y for circular saw while working on Plexiglas. All of the used gloves show a reduction of vibration transmission from tools to hands. Glove of C grouped had a reduction of vibration less than two other groups. 

 Based on ISO 5349-1, 10% of workers who are working with circular saw and drill without using glove will be affiliated to white finger after about 7-12 years. As a whole, the results showed that the anti-vibration gloves should be tested in real conditions before using them.

 In this study, distilled water and dimethylformamid (DMF), an organic solvent, have been compared in different characteristics to be used as the best solvent during EPD. 

 Electrical conductivity (EC) of both solutions was compared by dissolving electrolyte and measuring the EC. Ability of dispersion was determined after sonication in different times. Distilled water, DMF and two mixtures of them were utilized in EPD process and in deposition time of 1-5 min. The electrode weight was measured before and after the EPD and the deposit rate was estimated. 

 Among the used solvents, DMF caused a better yield (0.4 mg/cm 2 ) at the optimum deposition time of 4 min. Though it did not have the ability of dissolving electrolyte and could not make an electrical field during EPD; it did not cause the electrode's oxidation. Distilled water and mixtures with water resulted in electrode oxidation with no deposition. Their yield was zero or less which indicated the electrodes oxidation. € According to the results, for having a good and stable dispersion through sonication, making an electrode with a homogeneous deposition via EPD process, preventing of electrode's oxidation, and better temperature control DMF is recommended.

 The present study reports the antibacterial efficiency of starch-stabilized nano scale zero-valent iron (S-NZVI) particles on Escherichia coli. 

 NZVI was synthesized using NaBH 4 and FeSO 4 .7H 2 O, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction. The effects of concentration, contact time, dissolved oxygen, and stabilization were tested. E. coli was determined by the pour plate method. 

 The results revealed that the complete inactivation (100%) of E. coli was occurred at using 100 mg/l of NZVI after 30 min under anaerobic condition. The inactivation efficiency was decreased in an aerobic condition. When NZVI concentration increased to 500 and 1000 mg/L, complete inactivation was achieved under both anaerobic and aerobic condition. In general, E. coli inactivation efficiency using NZVI was strongly dependent on the contact time and the concentration of NZVI particles with its maximum efficiency at 500 mg/L within 120 min. Stabilization-NZVI by starch did not improve its bactericidal activity and the inactivation of E. coli by stabilized nanoparticles required higher concentration compared to that by nonstabilized nanoparticles. 

 The present study showed that nonstabilized Fe 0 nanoparticles have higher bactericidal efficiency than that of S-NZVI. This investigation also suggests that NZVI can be used as an effective and strong agent for antimicrobial applications.

 In this study, which was done in Persian Gulf Mining and Metal Industries Special Economic Zone, the efficiency of "theory of planned behavior" in training the correct principles of manual material handling was investigated. 

 To perform this semi-experimental study, based on the theory of planned behavior and method of manual material handling required questionnaires were prepared. After preliminary studies and determining the reliability and validity of questionnaires, the appropriate study population was selected from the workers, and the questionnaires were filled up through interviews. 

 The results showed that subjective norms (safety factor = 0.51, P < 0.001) are the predictors of behavior intention (performing manual material handling correctly) and behavioral control, as well as behavioral intention, are appropriate predictors for behavior change. 

 This study confirms the efficiency of the theory of planned behavior in modifying the workers' manual material handling behavior. But since all constructs of the theory of planned behavior could not predict the behavioral intention for correct manual material handling, it can be concluded that for changing the behavioral intention, other theories also should be taken into consideration.