مجله مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی دفاع ملی
پیاپی 28 (زمستان 1402)

Turning to the order of Imam Ali (AS) in sermon 27 of the precious book of Nahj al-Balaghah that "no one was humiliated except the one who fought the enemy in his house" and also according to the statements of the Supreme Leader Ayatollah Imam Khamenei (memory of God) "Know the enemy. "One of the dangers that threatens any nation is that it does not recognize its own enemy... Our defense must be such that the enemy is not encouraged to take action and make mistakes." Preceded by the movements of the enemies and the strengthening of the power of intelligence control in accordance with intelligent, stable and powerful security, in accordance with the new Islamic civilization, has appeared. Accordingly, the present study seeks to answer the question that hostility and insight into the future of the enemy in the space age, what are the requirements for the strategic defense power of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The temporary answer to this question is that in the age of space, the planning of defense and intelligence policies in the space layer, on the one hand, prevents strategic surprises by the enemies, and on the other hand causes intelligence domination over the actions and plans of the enemies. The strategic power of the Islamic system and ummah will increase.

In order to enhance defense deterrence and gain a competitive advantage in the production of military products, the level of diversity of research projects, as well as their ability to meet new needs, must be significantly increased. Therefore, environmental knowledge of various defense fields in the world, as well as determining strategies and directing research projects towards emerging projects of surprising knowledge, is a necessity in planning and directing Iran's defense projects. Examining the current and past projects of defense-oriented project organizations and comparing them with defense research projects in developed countries, shows that focusing on environmental knowledge as well as directing research projects towards effective outputs, needs significant improvement. Be. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how the three components of strategic leadership, strategic thinking and strategic planning interact in project-based defense organizations to create a sustainable competitive advantage compared to developed countries.
Research data were collected using a questionnaire. In order to test the statistical hypotheses of interaction between the three components, the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was used. The results showed that the strategic leadership of defense research projects can directly and indirectly and by interacting with the components of strategic planning and thinking, to the extent of 0.855 to create a competitive advantage of defense project-oriented organizations.

The implementation of development plans and the allocation of resources is necessary for the lofty ideals of the Islamic Revolution. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a science and technology roadmap in one of the universities affiliated with defense organizations. The thematic analysis method was used in three stages: (1) primary coding, (2) secondary coding, and (3) final review and confirmation of categories. Thematic analysis was performed based on the four main themes of vision and mission, target areas, research and development, and resources and infrastructure, taking into account three one-year time horizons, between one to three years and more than three years. The initial codes extracted from the upstream documents and interviews were identified based on the main themes. The secondary codes were extracted while removing, summarizing, and aggregating the primary codes, the secondary codes (categories) were extracted. The extracted secondary codes were first placed in the landscape layer based on the time horizon intended for them. Based on the placement for each perspective, each category was placed in other layers, and thus a scientific and technological roadmap was drawn.

Environmental pollution has become one of the most important human concerns. Today, the high volume of industrial waste created by military products, environmental pressures and lack of resources have promoted the manufacturing industries in this field to move towards the implementation of a closed loop supply chain. The main goal of this article is to design a mathematical model to empower the environmental capabilities of the closed loop supply chain. This research is an applied research in terms of purpose and a quantitative research in terms of data and information collection and analysis method. Therefore, a fuzzy mathematical programming model has been designed. The presented model is a 4-objective model, the first objective of which is to minimize emissions, the second objective is to minimize environmental waste, the third objective is to minimize cost, and the fourth objective is to minimize the risk of raw material supply. After designing the model, validation of the model has been done by solving it in small dimensions and then using four algorithms NSGAII, MOPSO, MOACO, MOSA to solve the model in medium and large dimensions and its results have been compared. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis of the model, the response of the model to different parameters has been investigated. The results show that the simultaneous consideration of environmental, economic and risk dimensions in the parameters leads to the improvement of the performance of the closed loop supply chain in terms of empowering the environmental capabilities and profitability.

Considering the importance of the supply chain in gaining a competitive advantage, it is said that the competition between organizations has been replaced by the competition between their supply chains. Therefore, the effective management of the supply chain is considered a fundamental factor in the success of organizations. The role of emerging approaches in improving deterrence against military threats shows the importance and necessity of using these approaches in defense industry supply chain management. This research has focused on monitoring and prioritizing the most important new approaches of defense supply chains. The research is fundamental in terms of its purpose, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of the nature of the data, and descriptive-survey in terms of the data collection method. In this research, first, the literature and background of the subject were reviewed and the most important emerging approaches in the supply chain were identified. After identifying the approaches using experts' opinions and the technology acceptance model, the technology acceptance criteria in defense organizations were localized and finally, prioritization was done using the Electra decision-making method. Among the most important results of the research, we can mention the determination of electronic, flexible, agile and intelligent supply chain as the most important approaches in defense organizations.

Examining the dimensions of the competence of the legislature in the matter of legislation is an important part of the constitutional rights of any country, and the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, according to the seventy-first to seventy-fourth principles, determines the main framework of these competences and assigns them to the Islamic Council. has done
The experiences gained from more than four decades of legislation show that despite the dominance of different political currents in different periods in the Islamic Council, in none of these periods has the parliament been able to present a defensible and brilliant record in the field of legislation. Because the previous, during and subsequent processes of legislation have challenges and damages that have affected the functioning of the legislature, which is the software for the movement of various institutions of the country and among the guiding pillars of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The improvement, dynamism and agility of the legislative system requires a detailed and well-founded understanding of its harms and challenges and providing suggestions for a way out of the current situation. Therefore, this article seeks to pathologize the existing state of legislation and present its key defects by relying on the constitution and other upstream documents and related laws, to provide suggestions for drawing the ideal state of the legislative system.

The purpose of the article is to explain the necessity and design of a trend titled "Cultural Authority and Security" as one of the possible and necessary educational trends for the field of strategic cultural management. Today, with the development of academic fields that focus on culture with study, policy-making, management and planning approaches, the discussion of the necessity and manageability of this field has not gained much importance, and these approaches are a sufficient indication of such a necessity.
For trend design, there are extensive theoretical and practical backgrounds at three levels: global, national, and intra-organizational (National Defense University and Higher Research Institute). This background is used for exploitation using the content analysis method in the axes that are ultimately and mystically of interest for the design of any university educational direction or field, i.e. educational goals and subjects and headings, analysis and in the expert group consisting of professors of the cultural department of the School of Strategic Cultural Management, professors Guide and consultant of group study and students of the 7th course of cultural strategic management, based on the model of "attractiveness of discussion" and "educational feasibility of topics", prioritized, educational structure in the form of a curriculum consisting of main and specialized courses, systematized and approved Validity was provided to the experts through an expert questionnaire, which confirmed the necessity and correctness of the content and structure of the content.

On Friday, January 3rd, 2020, the American military forces stationed in Iraq killed the commander of the Quds Force and his accompanying team near the Baghdad airport with several drones. The assassination of Lieutenant General Soleimani in the territorial territory of Iraq by the forces of the third government has raised many questions from a legal perspective. The most important questions that can be asked is that this criminal act is in light of the principles and rules of general international law, international humanitarian law, human rights, as well as international documents such as the United Nations Charter, the 2008 SOFA Security Agreement, the 1973 New York Convention, and the Chicago Convention. What is the status of 1944? In this article, the researcher collects the required materials from the relevant sources by using analytical-descriptive method and library studies and with the tool of sampling, and then tries to answer the questions raised about the legal aspects of this incident with thematic analysis method. The findings of the research show that the actions of the Americans in the assassination of Lieutenant General Soleimani and his accompanying team are a clear violation of the principles of the United Nations Charter and violate the most obvious principles and rules of international law, including the principle of non-interference, the principle of respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state. It is the principle of the prohibition of resorting to force, the principle of the immunity of states and their organs, the principle of the prohibition of flying drones over the airspace of other states, and the provisions of the SOFA Security Agreement. In addition, the commanders and perpetrators of this crime cannot avoid the burden of their international responsibility by resorting to the concepts of "targeted killing" or preemptive legitimate defense.

Although the strategy is an essential element to achieve organizational goals, this concept is not considered as a unified whole in nature. It can be said that the reason is referring to the definitions that appear to be very diverse and refer to the multi-faceted prism of knowing about the nature of this phenomenon which inevitably leads to misinterpretations and lack of consensus among experts in this field. But the existence of different natures of this concept is inevitable. It is worth noting, while active thinkers in the field of strategic management, sometimes neglect the achievements of interdisciplinary studies including philosophical sciences, they have become accustomed to reproducing static theories, this research is trying to explore the dynamic nature of strategy with an analytical-fundamental method and using the scientific way of thinking. Therefore, the first step begins with the analysis of definitions, and the second step attempts to understand the concepts behind their appearances by clarifying their origins. The achievement of these two steps is establishing a link between the analysis with the causes and the underlying layers of thought and the basic assumptions of the theories that form them and obtaining the three natures (science, experience, and craft) of the strategy. But this research goes beyond mere exploration, and by taking the third step in synthesizing existing natures based on Kant's philosophical foundations and the real foundations of human nature as creative, innovative, non-teleological, and imaginative, a new idea about the nature of strategy will provide.

The spillover of defense technologies in commercial businesses has an effective role in the development of technology, production, employment and economic growth of the country. The main purpose of this study is to design a model to evaluate and forecasting of defence technologies spillover to civillian with ANFIS. The research statistical population includes experts in the field of defence and civillian. The research is applied research in terms of method and according to the use of fuzzy inference system for modeling, it is of mathematical modeling type. The difference between the output values of ANFIS and the input data to an acceptable level of 6.6252*10-7 (the average error calculated in the model training stage) indicates the approximate compliance of the real data with the predicted data and implies It is designed on the lack of over-fitting phenomenon in ANFIS. In other words, the obtained model has a high power of prediction and we see a positive effect on the modeling ability to generalize. policies and laws with a weight criterion of 28.82% have the highest impact on the research model and it is necessary to consider the necessary policies and laws to make optimal use of the technological capabilities of the defense sector in the civilian sector. Also, communication factors, technological capability, environmental factors, socio-cultural factors, economic-financial factors and technological characteristics affect the model, respectively.

The purpose of this study is to study the evaluation of high performance human resource management in the police force of Guilan province. To this end, conducting a research with a quantitative approach was on the agenda. The statistical population of the study included all heads, managers and deputies of the police force of Guilan province in the number of 160 people, of which 113 people were selected as a statistical sample using Krejcie and Morgan table. In order to analyze the data, first the model taken from the literature and research background was validated and finalized using fuzzy Delphi technique using the opinions of 10 experts. The finalized model had 3 dimensions, 16 components and 65 indicators. Then, the proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling technique in three stages including: measurement model fit, structural model fit and general model fit and using PLS software in Guilan police. According to the results, the rank of each of the dimensions, components and indicators in the model was determined in the police force of Guilan province and the results were reported. Police managers can use the results of this study to improve high-performance human resource management in the Gilan police force.

The purpose of the current research is to provide a model for Neurocognitive training and development of human resources. Using the multi-grounded theory (MGT) method, a systematic review of the background of the research was carried out in a meta-composite way and interviews with 21 experts were conducted using purposeful and snowball sampling methods and having specific criteria. A Neurocognitive approaches in human resource development, including 73 concepts and 18 subcategories in 6 main-categories, was presented. In this research, the causes and drivers of neurocognitive use in human resource development were examined in micro and macro. The central category was conceptualized as neurocognitive talent management and individual development, and the intervening factors were identified as ethical, human, instrumental, environmental and organizational challenges. According to the opinion of the experts, strategies were set at three individual, organizational and national levels, and it was predicted that the model of training and development of neuroscience of human resources would lead to consequences in theorizing, neurological self-awareness and organizational Neurocognitive development. Finally, taking into account the rapid evolution of organizational technologies, future trends were categorized into three categories: convergence of technologies, interdisciplinary studies, and paradigm shift. The experts emphasized that the gradual use of neurocognitive tools by human resource development experts and consultants, the allocation of funds at the organizational and national level to conduct and support interdisciplinary research, and to create awareness and knowledge to conduct research professionally and repeat it before generalizing are the most important duties in HR Neurocognitive L&D programs