نشریه پژوهش های نقد ادبی و سبک شناسی
پیاپی 52 (تابستان 1402)

Colloquial language in Shams' articles The words, terms, interpretations, allusions, proverbs and phrases that are popular among the people of the street and market are called colloquial language .Colloquial language has a wide reflection in Persian literary texts. This issue has a high frequency in mystical texts, especially in the words of Shams Tabrizi, because he, like other mystics, thought about the effect of his speech on the soul and psyche of the audience. Therefore, it is one of the most suitable tools. It means that colloquial language is used for fluency, simplicity and catchiness of speech. On the other hand, the peak of inner turmoil, in a maniacal mystic like Shams, breaks the structure of official language and any other framework; therefore market terms, folk tales, common beliefs, allusions, proverbs, and folk pronunciations, even evil and obscene nicknames and so on. It is abundantly seen in the words of Shams Tabrizi. .

Poetry is an incident in language. Poets create innovative constructions by seizing the normal language. In this research, Rumi's linguistic changes in Shams lyrical poems have been analyzed. For this purpose, Shams Tabrizi Sonnets with Kadkani introduction and selection, were selected as the statistical sample of the research and were studied to identify the instances of linguistic changes which were then classified to two categories: lexical and syntactic changes. Subsequently, the lexical changes were categorized to three classes: structural, phonetic, and semantic. The results show that Rumi has violated the phonetic, morphological, and syntactic rules of the language and has created a novel work. This involvement of Rumi in language has led to: expanding and highlighting the language, and strengthening the musical side of his speech. The abundance of some of these changes is so high that it can be considered a stylistic feature of Rumi's sonnet.

Analyzing and understanding literary works is a scientific and methodical approach in stylistics, and it is very important to know and examine the special way that the poet used to express the concepts in his work. Tuhfa Al-Ahbab is a mystical poem written by Sheikh Obaidullah Nahri (1310-1247 AH), a Kurdish poet and mystic during the Qajar period, which was written in the form of a Masnavi and in the introduction of the Naqshbandi sect, their thoughts, teachings and behavior. The gift of loved ones can be examined from many aspects; But what is discussed in this research is the mystical analysis of the book, and with all its importance, there has not been any systematic and specific research in its introduction. In order to achieve this goal, the authors have used a descriptive-analytical research method and have reached the conclusion that the poet had a place in following the Sufi style of masnavis of classical and didactic poetry and was able to explore the themes of Sufism, especially Naqshbandi, with a new perspective. Captivating and charming, mystical and literary allusions, smooth and rhythmic language in Masnavi, give this literary and mystical work a special personality. Nazem has a special style in introducing mystics and flag bearers, and in writing the book, he has a structured approach to Mawlawi's Masnavi.

The style and type of writing judicial judgments Judicial judgment indicate that they do not fit into any of the important writing styles, including explanatory, descriptive, narrative, and persuasive (positive). In terms of application, it is not comparable to any of the scientific, literary, and administrative prose. The rereading of this situation has not been written sufficiently and clearly whether it is really independent and right and should add its style and type to all types of styles and types of writings or should not remove this situation and correct it with recommendations and requirements in aim Returning it to the family of styles and types of familiar writing. The present article, with the method of description and analysis, and relying on examples of judicial judgment, proves the first claim, i.e. the independent status of the style and type of writing opinions, and answers the second question, i.e. evaluating the authenticity and identity of the said situation.

The four sides of common satires in the Timurid era are made up of four methods, three of which are only fancy work and funny. Those four sides are: First Verbal jokes in literary circles, the second compilation of the stories of past tribes by Ali Safi and Jami.The third is food and clothing satires by Boshak Atameh and Mahmoud Qari al-Baseh, whose literary works of many poets, including Ahli Shirazi, Sibak Neishabouri, Ibn Hossam Khosfi and others, can also be placed in the ranks of those types of commitments due to their extremes and exaggeration. The fourth, extensive falsification and distortion of historical, literary, mystical, and religious facts, and replacing them with authentic facts in Tazkirat al-Shoara, Rowzat al-Shohada, and Majalis al-Oshaq. All these four methods of satire share four characteristics in terms of nature: the aspect of organizing parties and having fun and being free from protesting and fighting; Inability to motivate thought and create intellectual improvement in the audience; lack of innovation in artistic fields and attention to the implementation of common and famous constructions and methods; Focusing all efforts on the artificial promotion of linguistic and literary fields and completely disregarding the nature and contents, and staying in the axioms.

The story can play an influential role in conveying various political, social, cultural, economic concepts. Contemplation in stories and accuracy in the sequence of events in it helps the audience to better understand its concepts. Examining the narrative structure of the short story will reveal the hidden relationships in its infrastructure and reveal the structure and form of the story better. One of the prominent methods of examining fictional texts is the analysis of the structure of stories from the morphological point of view of Vladimir Propp - a famous Russian anthropologist and linguist. Although Propp has defined certain functions for fairy tales, this model can be adapted to other types of stories. What, Propp's systematic mind was constantly seeking to structure the stories and put them in a certain framework. The current research aims to evaluate and analyze and explain the short story.