فصلنامه برنامه ریزی فضایی (جغرافیا)
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 52، بهار 1403)

 Today, active participation and empowerment of rural communities are essential for achieving environmental sustainability. Empowering local people will lead to their active involvement in environmental protection. ‎

 This research aimed to elucidate the concept of environmental empowerment strategy in rural communities, identify effective indicators, and present strategies in South Mirbeg District. It is a part of basic research with an exploratory approach due to its purpose and descriptive-analytical methodology. After identifying and defining the effective components of environmental empowerment through literature review and expert opinions, a specialized questionnaire was designed to collect information from 365 households and 5 villages.‎

Research Innovation:

 The innovative aspect of this research lay in the thematic combination of empowerment and environmental strategies.‎

 The components of new environmental technologies (A4) with a weighting factor of 0.094, financial incentives (A8) with a weighting factor of 0.094, and environmental investments (A11) with a weighting factor of 0.086 had the greatest effects on the process of environmental empowerment in the territory. Among the selected indicators, the effect coefficient of managers and decision-makers (A14) with a weighted value of 0.014 and the index of extrapolated plans and programs (A15) with a weighted value of 0.019 had the lowest effects on the process of environmental empowerment of residents in the territory. ‎

This study aimed to assess the suitability of land for constructing an outdoor sports stadium in Ardebil Province, focusing on the climate.

Weather variables, such as mean temperature, snowfall, and rainfall, along with environmental factors, were considered. The evaluation utilized a combination of Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM), Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP), and Geographic Information System (GIS). A separate layer was created for each variable and after determining their weights, overlaying the layers with fuzzing was used to identify optimal lands for sports facilities in Ardebil Province.

The findings indicated that snowy days and average temperature were the most significant factors influencing the selection of land for sports stadium construction in Ardebil Province with fuzzy degrees of 0.241 and 0.163, respectively. Among the environmental criteria, land slope and elevation were the most important factors for selecting land for sports stadium construction in Ardebil Province with fuzzy degrees of 0.294 and 0.166, respectively. The land suitability results revealed that areas in the northern half of Ardebil Province, particularly Moghan Plain, Garmi, Aslandoz, and Beile-Savar, were highly suitable for constructing a sports stadium.

Establishing tourism eco-camps is a key strategy for sustainable tourism development, particularly in religious tourism destinations, as it enhances their appeal and economic value while preserving spiritual and historical sites. Weis Al-Qarn, a popular tourist destination in Kermanshah Province, attracts a significant number of visitors annually. Introducing a tourism eco-camp in this area can be a crucial step towards achieving sustainable religious tourism objectives. Hence, this quantitative and applied research aimed to identify an appropriate location for a tourism eco-camp in the tourist area of Weis Al-Qarn in Kermanshah Province. To accomplish this objective, 12 criteria, including elevation, slope, annual solar radiation angle, geology, proximity to landslide areas, distance from the river, distance from roads, land use, vegetation differentiation index, distance from cemeteries, distance from the court of Weis Al-Qarn, and proximity to paragliding sites, were employed. The data analysis involved using the overlay method and the Weighted Sum tool in ArcGIS software. The research findings revealed that out of the total investigated area of 219.39 ha for the tourism eco-camp construction, approximately 32.2 ha were classified as highly suitable, 55.03 ha as suitable, 60.76 ha as moderately suitable, 45.73 ha as unsuitable, and 25.66 ha as highly unsuitable. The highly suitable area was predominantly located in the southern and southeastern parts of the study area with a limited portion in the western section.

Problem Statement: 

The location and architectural design of administrative sites play a crucial role in achieving passive defense goals and facilitating decision-making at various strategic levels. Office spaces are a key consideration for urban planners and designers. 

 This applied research, utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, aimed to identify and design administrative sites in the 4th district of Tabriz City. 

 The study employed documentary methods and questionnaires to gather information. The research population consisted of 30 individuals with 28 ones selected as the statistical sample by using Cochran's formula. The IHWP model's positioning was analyzed using GIS software and the AHP method in Expert Choice software was utilized to assess the impact of architectural design indicators on office spaces within the sample. 

Innovation: 

The research findings revealed that from among the 4 regions of Tabriz municipality, 3% exhibited very low desirability, 15.9% had low desirability, 43.40% demonstrated moderate desirability, 28.74% displayed high desirability, and 8.96% possessed very high desirability. Notably, desirability tended to decrease from north to south. Furthermore, the study examined 47 architectural indicators for office building design, highlighting the necessity of incorporating secure underground spaces for emergency shelter and safeguarding sensitive areas within office buildings to enhance resilience against potential threats. Ultimately, the research presented the placement and design requirements for office buildings.

When implementing urban plans, it is crucial to consider socio-cultural dimensions alongside physical aspects. While restoration and enhancement of historical contexts often prioritize physical intervention, social and cultural aspects are sometimes overlooked. Research indicates that prior to any physical intervention, it is essential to address and evaluate social and cultural dimensions. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the cultural-social and historical contexts of Baba Qasim and propose a series of social intervention measures in the neighborhoods of Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbulistan. The research methodology employed in this study was descriptive-analytical, utilizing both library and field methods for data collection. Furthermore, in line with the research approach, endeavors were made to conduct people-centered and participatory planning through the use of questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population comprised the residents of the neighborhoods of Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbulistan in Isfahan Region 3. To determine the statistical sample, Cochran's formula was utilized, resulting in the selection and study of 320 residents of Babaghasem Neighborhood. Additionally, interviews were conducted with 100 residents and key figures from Shahshan, Dardasht, and Sanbalistan neighborhoods. Data analysis in this research was conducted in two distinct stages. Initially, the SPSS version 24 software was employed to analyze the collected information. Subsequently, the content analysis method was utilized to extract, interpret, and systematically report the concepts and themes present in the data. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the residents' sense of belonging to their living environment, social trust, social cohesion among residents, level of participation, and residents' willingness to engage in renovation efforts. Consequently, as these indicators increased, there was a greater inclination towards renovation and a reduction in deterioration. Therefore, it was concluded that by bolstering social capital in the neighborhood of Baba Qasim, further degradation of this valuable neighborhood of the city could be averted.

 Literary tourism plays a crucial role in generating wealth and creating jobs worldwide, particularly in Iran and other developing countries. It serves as a fundamental pillar of tourism, offering societies a new path for knowledge, progress, and long-term sustainability. 

 This study aimed to identify the key factors driving the advancement of literary tourism in Iran.

 To achieve this objective, the study adopted an applied approach with an interpretive and analytical focus. Methodologically, it fell within the realm of qualitative and quantitative research. The analysis utilized grand theory, Delphi, and the Structural Self-Interaction Matrix (SSIM) model. The research population consisted of experts and elites in the broader field of tourism with a specific emphasis on literary tourism. Targeted sampling methods were employed to select a sample size of 30 individuals for data collection. 

 The study identified several categories for enhancing the development of literary tourism in Iran. These categories included improving managerial and institutional practices, increasing investment in literary tourism and related initiatives, enhancing competitiveness through effective advertising, considering legal aspects, and constructing a localized model. Such factors as discourse narratives, educational initiatives, specialized activity development, and literary route creation were determined through a two-stage Delphi method research and confirmed to be significant by expert consensus. The subsequent analysis using the SSIM Matrix revealed that improvements in managerial and institutional measures exerted influence over other factors. Additionally, formulation of a local literary tourism model, encompassing discourse narratives, education, specialized activity development, and literary route creation emerged as a crucial factor in attracting literary tourists, influencing other factors while also being influenced by them in return.