نشریه آمایش سیاسی فضا
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 22، بهار 1403)

Introduction:

Attracting the participation of elites to the planning discourse is one of the topics that can lead to specialized contemplation to provide a participatory model and to explain a suitable climate model for the country. In this regard, basic spatial planning against conventional spatial planning is among the frameworks and concepts that always require discursive analysis to evolve into a final model. The purpose of this paper is to propose a discussion through the context of discursive thinking and analysis about the distinctions, differences and similarities of basic planning versus conventional planning. It seems that the discursive analysis, in addition to explaining the different dimensions of basic planning can be more useful.

Main concepts of conventional spatial planning and basic spatial planning:

The earliest concept of spatial planning is related to the classical triangle, whose outline is formed from environment, human and activity. In the classical approach, the most important issue that is considered is the structure or organization of space that depicts how to structure the elements of space in relation to the land area. The second view that can be proposed after the first is the concept of spatial sustainability. In this view, the main goal is to create a balance in the geographic space that provides sustainability, i.e. exploitation or lack of coordination in the relations of habitat, human and activity do not cause the balance in the geographic space. The third view refers to spatial planning, whose main purpose is to create a balance in geographic space, so that balanced development can be formed in the place of geographic space, and that it is not part of development and part of underdevelopment.In contrast, basic spatial  planning is not only based on the same  framework of land use, but also covers national values in the macro approach. The Islamic and Iranian spirit is of particular interest in basic spatial planning. Formation of land justice is one of the important issues that has a fundamental value in basic spatial planning and its overall goal is to distribute the spatial justice facilities in the country that can create spatial equilibrium in the land area. Considering the characteristics of the land has a special role in presenting the planning policies in different scales in basic spatial planning. Differences between conventional versus basic spatial planning The most important distinction between conventional and basic spatial planning is that this model has been changed in terms of capabilities and facilities, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. Therefore, the most important distinction of this pattern is in importing the values of the Islamic ruler on the one hand and the territorial characteristics on the other hand. Thus, the same aspect of differentiation that is considered for the model of progress against the development model is also significant in the model of basic spatial planning against conventional spatial planning. Considering this issue, it is necessary to study Islamic ideas derived from Islamic teachings to extract the viewpoints in land use of human being, activity and space and based on them the basic spatial planning takes practical form. Considering that the views in the Islamic values are very different, using different views in the form of discursive analysis will be very effective that while examining and critiquing different viewpoints, we can achieve the best viewpoint in this regard and consider it in the final model.Spatial planning is an empirical knowledge and a function of the geographical and cultural system of nations, and land as a spatial container is formed based on the value differences of societies and finally spatial identity is one of the most important dimensions of basic spatial planning that is not considered in conventional spatial planning as it should be. In general, the differences between conventional and basic planning can be considered in the following cases: considering human and society in conventional land and basic spatial planning has a great difference. It seems that basic human with Islamic viewpoint seeks to create a monotheistic society based on equality, and for this reason, such a human being in regulating his relationship with the environment will observe various aspects to provide the appropriate and optimal utilization of the facilities at his disposal, the grounds for human evolution and promotion of moral practice. Discursive analysis can also be very useful in this regard, because by examining the concepts extracted from Islamic values and terrestrial features, different conditions can be assessed, and their differences extracted and if necessary, provide conditions that can be presented the best model through consensus.Similarities between conventional versus basic spatial planningIt can be said that in 80% of the cases, these two planning have a methodological and conceptual commonality. This subscription can be proposed in a variety of cases, including: the type of data required by environmental, economic, social and etc.,method of collecting required data, data integration method, developing strategies, monitoring methods.

Basic spatial planning is a new concept that has been proposed and consequently has raised a lot of questions for the scientific community, practitioners and even the general public, which requires settlements. Discursive analysis is an appropriate tool for this subject that can help to clarify the different aspects of the subject. Preparing the context of this discourse is possible in different ways; publishing the basic concepts of fundamental planning in mass media and various social networks is one of the primary solutions in this regard. Holding various specialized conferences and meetings in academic spaces where all thinkers can present their views is also important in this regard.

Regional planning as an interesting and very important topic in the planning system of many countries around the world, is in the middle position of the planning hierarchy; It may sometimes be placed in a wrong position, which is often created under the pressure of powerful national and local elements of the planning system. In this way, its position is sometimes declining and sometimes growing. But what has drawn attention over time is the enduring nature and existential nature of this issue, which, like many other issues require this level of intervention. Therefore, it is believed that due to the increasing problems and challenges of today's society, there is a greater need for regional planning. Based on the studies done, balanced and sustainable development has been one of the main goals of the country for a long time. So that, with fluctuations, attention has been given to the category of "regional development" in the policies and development planning before and after the Islamic revolution, and in a sense, they have been among the components that the analysis of their effects on the face of the national system is very important at the level of micro-lawyers.

The research method is descriptive-analytic, and library resources such as first-class sources, case-oriented articles and researches, and documents and documents available in the program and budget organization are used; Specifically, inferential methodology should be used to understand and explain the place of "regional planning and development" in the development programs before and after the revolution, and the possibility of comparison between them should be provided.

What has attracted attention over time is the enduring nature and existential nature of this issue, which, like many other issues, requires this level of intervention. Therefore, it is believed that due to the increasing problems and challenges of today's society, there is a greater need for regional planning. Also, based on the field of regional perspective in development plans, it can be said that with regard to the general missions of land development and regional development in providing spatial justice in regions and creating equal and fair opportunities, access to resources, services and development achievements for all and in line with the implementation of the general policies of resistance economy and in order to creating a balance and benefiting the regions and provinces from facilities and improving their ability and flexibility against all kinds of environmental and external threats, competitive advantages must be created in the provinces and their relative advantages should be used optimally. Since, industrial investment in less developed areas should be promoted, the links between the border territories with the interior of the country should be strengthened, and in line with the national and trans-national role determined for the regions and provinces of the country, the role of medium and small cities should be strengthened, and also the metropolises should maintain their role, but decentralizing their national policy making is vital.

It can be seen that regional planning is a matter of interest and very important in the planning system of many countries around the world, since it is in the middle position in the planning hierarchy; It may sometimes be placed in a wrong position, which is often created under the pressure of powerful national and local elements of the planning system. In this way, its position is sometimes declining and sometimes growing. But what has drawn attention over time is the enduring nature and existential nature of this issue, which like many other issues require this level of intervention. Therefore, it is believed that due to the increasing problems and challenges of today's society, there is a greater need for regional planning. As can the current research findings shows, the failure of regional development planning and the division of spatial work with intensity and weaknesses in the programs before and after the revolution, causes the increase and widening of the areas of inequality between different regions. In general, fluctuations in the concept and function of regional planning in Iran is rooted in the country's structural obstacles both before and after the revolution. The ever-increasing centralization structure and the dominance of the planning procedure from top to bottom, departmental approach in planning, ambiguity in the legal status and executive guarantee of regional planning, lack of belief in planning and lack of planning culture and planability at different levels. The country's management, the lack of necessary and desirable platforms in order to attract the participation of the people and the private sector, the lack of organization in the regional Echelon, the non-compliance of plans with the existing realities, the non-compliance of upstream documents, the dominance of the abstract aspect on the plans and the like are among the main obstacles in the way of the development of regional planning in Iran

After the three eras of agriculture, industry and information, the sky of the virtual age over the heads of humans has covered the vast umbrella of human geography in every corner of the boundless earth. The fourth technological revolution is a reality that has and will affect all city and urban structures in the world. In this regard, "crypto cities" and "metaverse cities" are two technological phenomena affected by this revolution and based on technologies such as blockchain, cryptocurrency, etc., which have attracted attention in the advanced world, and even in this direction, measures have been initiated. According to the twenty-year vision of Iran's development, which aims to gain the first place in the region for the country, and in line with the country's development laws, which includes the urban economy and the development of technologies required for urban management along with the knowledge economy this axis is emphasized in Iran. Also, based on the horizon of the document of the Iranian Islamic model of progress as an upstream document, in 1450 AH, Iran should be among the five leading countries in the world in the production of thought and technology, and from a knowledge-based and self-based economy based on rationality, justice and Islamic spirituality and one of the ten largest economic powers in the world; Therefore, logically- by designing such a vision- one cannot ignore the phenomenon of the fourth technological wave and its manifestations, i.e. crypto cities and metaverse cities that are rising. But the problem of this research is that until now, due to the importance of metaverse cities in the future of the country, this phenomenon has not been addressed from different points of views. Therefore, it is clear that there is a significant gap in the research done inside the country. This research, due to the importance of the topic, aimed to answer the following questions: what are the consequences of moving towards the metaverse cities for Iran? what issues should be taken into consideration in the planning of the future metaverse cities of Iran? what are the causal conditions that justify the establishment of Metaverse cities in Iran? what strategies and solutions (measures) are necessary for the purpose of guiding and measures for the future metaverse cities of the country?Also, the document of the Iranian Islamic model of progress is considered as an upstream document; Therefore, as a rule and logically, it has a very high influence in the future metaverse cities of the country. Therefore, other question is that: what points can be obtained from the document of the Iranian Islamic model of progress in relation to the measures for the proper management of the future metaverse cities of the country?

Methology:

This article is fundamental. It is question-oriented and it is done in document and library method. Also, it is qualitative research, which is exploratory through the qualitative content analysis method, and it is done in the framework of the grounded theory method. The statistical sample of the research includes a range of documents and scientific studies related to the central topic of the research which used the available sampling method.

Based on research findings, metaverse cities will have consequences for the country. In this connection, in the case of proper management and appropriate measures, this wave will have more positive consequences than negative consequences. Also, in terms of intervening conditions, culture and cultural policies, especially in the field of virtual space, the culture of Technology acceptance, the dominant philosophy of Technology policy (technorealism, neoladism, and techno-utopianism), the state of establishment of the fourth technological wave paradigm, and the state of establishment of the participation-oriented paradigm, sustainable development, knowledge-based development and strengthening the city's integrity are considered non-technical intervention conditions. In relation to technical categories, the state of information and communication Technology components including infrastructure (computers, transmission networks, internet, etc.), application software, manpower and Technology management in the framework of indicators such as processing, bandwidth, user experience, connectivity, e-commerce, programming languages, network and computer architecture and storage resources, based on research findings, as intervening conditions in the establishment of metaverse cities in Iran are discussed. Background conditions are special conditions that affect strategies and solutions. These are a combination of technical conditions, jurisprudential bases, legal bases and monetary policies. In connection with the technical conditions, we can refer to the 8 enablers of metaverse Technology including: network, edge/cloud, artificial intelligence, computer vision, blockchain, internet of things and robotics, user interaction and augmented reality and 6 pillars of the metaverse ecosystem including: avatar, content production , virtual economy, social acceptance, security and privacy, and trust and responsibility centered on the 4 basic components of blockchain metaverse cities, virtual currency, exchangeable token and social interactions (social networks). Besides these conditions, jurisprudential bases, legal bases and monetary and currency policies of the country - based on research findings - are the background conditions that should be considered in strategies and solutions. Causal conditions also specify the categories that are related to the conditions for creating the central category. Based on research findings, integration in policy making, legislation, planning, implementation and monitoring, in other words integrated management and measures are the most important causal conditions in this field. According to the contextual, intervening categories, as well as the consequences and disadvantages of metaverse cities (in case of inappropriate management and measures) were raised. Strategies and solutions in line with appropriate management and measures of metaverse cities can be divided into two categories: technical and non-technical.

Based on the results of the research, considering the conditions mentioned in the research, including integration in policy making, legislation, planning, implementation and monitoring, it is possible to achieve metaverse cities in the country with social, economic, cultural and environmental low consequences. Also, in the Iranian Islamic Model of Progress document, three paragraphs in the measures section are dedicated to virtual space; In total, the following points, based on the results of the research, were used in order to take advantage of the measures in order to achieve the worthy leadership of the country's future in addition to the above-mentioned points: 1) accepted metaverse city; It is a healthy, useful, safe and ethical space based on Iranian Islamic values, culture and identity, and is a fair space in which justice has been observed in exploiting the virtual opportunity;2) The future metaverse cities of the country should be in line with promoting local knowledge, developing the country, providing security and increasing the resilience of infrastructure; this matter will be done with public participation and international cooperation;3) Metaverse city can be a platform for promoting creative and cultural industries in accordance with the national and local capabilities of Iran in which norming, promotion and expansion of Islamic culture and values ​​of Iran has been done considering the demand of the regional and global audience.

The settlement pattern of the population and settlements is the spatial outcome of the natural environment and the economic, socio-cultural and political conditions, and certainly with the change of these conditions over time, the settlement pattern also changes and transforms. Knowing these developments, the causes and effective factors in the occurrence and emergence of these developments, as well as the effects and consequences of these developments in different fields is a geographical subject and has a special theoretical and scientific (applied) importance. From a theoretical point of view, recognizing, analyzing and explaining the establishment pattern and its developments and investigating the contribution and role of various factors, including the natural, economic, socio-cultural and political environment in its formation and developments, and discovering the general laws governing the establishment pattern, along with understanding the works and its economic-social and spatial-physical consequences are very important and can be effective in expanding the boundaries of knowledge in the field of geography. Also, from a practical and practical point of view, since the achievement of the optimal model system of population settlement requires the knowledge of trends and trends in this field, the results of such studies can be effective in organizing coastal areas, especially the optimal distribution of population settlement. In this research, it is tried to investigate how the population settles in the coastal areas. Then, a suitable model for attracting the population in these areas is suggested. The pattern of population spatial settlement in both national and local arenas has an irregular distribution. Most of the population and cities are located in the northern and western regions of the country. In the meantime, the provinces and coastal areas in the south of the country, in addition to having a low population density, also suffer from the irregular distribution of the population in the city centers. In this paper, population settlement and spatial arrangement of cities in coastal regions, population settlement and spatial arrangement of cities in coastal provinces of the country are investigated. Unlike the previous researches, this research studies the mentioned provinces not individually, but collectively as the coastal provinces of the country in the form of a region.

The present research is a small part of the patterns of population settlement in Iran, which focuses on the coastal areas and examines it from the perspective of analysis. In other words, this research seeks to provide appropriate answers to the patterns of population settlement between the southern and northern coasts of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and data gathering procedure is based on library method.

After examining and comparing the parameters of relative density, coastal density and coastal grade (the ratio of coastline to area) as well as the percentage of population growth in coastal areas, important results are as follows:1- Coastal cities being the center of the province is one of the factors that increase the population, while the amount of having a coastline has much less impact on this feature. This issue shows the concentration of facilities and development in the centers of the provinces, which requires distribution of the facilities to other areas.2- Considering the area which is available to the coastal cities, despite the high population in some southern regions, the northern coastal cities of the country have a higher relative density and coastal density. Therefore, it can be said that the northern coastal areas of the country are more developed. Although important factors such as weather have played a role in this difference in distribution, but considering the type of beaches and access to open waters and on the other hand the wider coastline, it can be said that the development in the southern coastal areas of the country remains blocked, which requires more attention.3- In the northern provinces, it was observed that there are areas with a limited coastline (low coastal grade), but they have a very high coastal density, but in the southern provinces of the country, although the coasts are much more scattered, the coastal density is at a lower level. And this shows the insufficient use of the potential of the beaches of these areas.4- In the southern coastal areas, the cities with more coastlines have been associated with a greater population growth during these ten years, but the cities of Khuzestan province were exempted from this. This issue also expresses the fact that population growth and development naturally takes place in areas with more potential; But it should be noted that in comparison with high-density areas in the north, this growth should be accompanied by a higher speed.
According to the aforementioned explanations and analyzes, the relative population density according to the census of 2015 in the northern coasts of the country is relatively higher than the southern coastal cities of the country, for example, in the city ofRasht, the relative population density is more than 70 people per square kilometer, Fereydoun Kanar with more than There are 500 people per square kilometer, but in the southern coastal cities of the country, Bushehr is the only southern coastal city that has the highest density among the southern coastal cities with a population density of 200 people per square kilometer. But on the other hand, the southern cities have more coastal strip than the coastal strip in the north of the country, and this population density in the north of the country is higher than in the south of the country due to low and flat coastal areas, and these flat coastal areas attract more people to the beaches. Therefore, in the north of the country, the predominant activity of the coastal cities is agriculture, and in the southern coastal cities of the country, the predominant activity is industrial.Coastal height and ruggedness play an important role in the exploitation of maritime potential by maritime countries. Countries that have smooth coastal areas and suitable coastal cuts, deploy human structures in coastal areas with less financial cost. Onthe other hand, high coastal heights and rocks lack the necessary potential to attract the population, and the establishment of marine structures, including ports, is accompanied by the problem of providing a suitable and smooth place. Coastal plains have an important effect on the establishment of human settlements, marine structures and activities, marine tourism, the concentration of financial-production resources, etc. The advantage of low and flat coastal elevations is influenced by the climate of the coastal region and the connection of coastal regions with internal communication networks.Therefore, in order to create an economic flow in the country, it is possible to use the coastal cities in the south and north of the country. There are 23 coastal cities in the coastal strip of the southern region of the country, which are in direct contact with the land and the sea. The coastal cities of the southern provinces of the country account for about 85% of the province's population. Also, it is possible to use the advantages and favorable economic positions of the coastal cities located in the south of the country to help the economic flow in the southern provinces of the country and the settlement of the population in them. The economic prosperity and the existence of job opportunities in these beaches attract a large population from the country and even neighboring countries. In the following, the pattern of economic flow in these areas is presented.Straits, natural passages, islands and coasts are fixed geopolitical factors that have a significant impact on the national power, foreign policy and sea and land strategies of countries. In fact, their geopolitical and geostrategic roles coincide. There is a direct relationship between the use of islands and the power of the coastal government, and the relevant government can play a more active role at the local, regional and global levels. One of the important regions with economic and security strategy in the Middle East is the Persian Gulf region. There are dozens of islands in the Persian Gulf, some of which belong to Iran and are located in the geographical boundaries of the three provinces of Hormozgan, Bushehr and Khuzestan. Some of these islands play a political, economic and military role to defend the southern coasts of Iran. Therefore, according to the pattern of the economic flow and the role of each settlement on the coasts of the country, it is possible to attract and settle the population in these areas.The banks of Makran from Goatar, East Jask and Sirik are not only the least developed coasts of Iran, but based on development indicators, this axis is considered among the most backward areas of Iran. The Caspian coast from Astara to Kiashahr is the most densely populated coast and is close to the stage of population saturation. What is seen more than any other phenomenon in this coastal strip is the all-round confusion and disorganization in this area.In this paper, according to the situation of the population settlement in the coasts of the country, the capacities and roles of each of the settlement points have been extracted according to the document of land preparation and the strategic document of sustainable development of the southern islands of the country. In this case, all settlements and islands play a role according to the division of national work between them and contribute to the development process in the coasts and as a result of the whole country. One of the basic emphases in the land preparation document is to use the capacities of these areas in promoting political, economic, social and cultural ties and relations with the countries of the region and the world, and in this regard, a heavy duty has been assigned to the border and coastal areas of the country.

Introduction:

The importance of the role and maritime position of Iran and the use of the facilities of Iran's coasts provide the basis for their use in order to economic and social development and growth through sea-based developments. This article tries to prepare the ground in order to realize the goals of sea-based development, considering the appropriate capabilities of Iran's economic, commercial and maritime trade facilities. This article proposes that one of the most important points to follow up the sea-based development is the application of consistent management and its acceptable efficiency. At the beginning of the article, the importance of Iran's position and maritime capabilities in the process of development and growth is examined. This article examines the historical background of Iran's maritime areas, and then the importance of economic and commercial communications at the national, regional, and global levels is pointed out from the perspective of the development of sea-based programs. In relation to these factors, the theoretical texts are reviewed and the importance of knowledge-based management for the realization of the goals is enumerated and then, the areas of realization of the planed programs are taken into consideration. This case, in a categorized form, brings up the role of management in organizing and directing coastal development programs and emphasizes the need to use it in order to achieve the goals and the need for comprehensive management. 

This article is applied in nature and is descriptive-analytic, and it is done using library resources and inductive inference method. The research purpose is to identify and expound the requirements of sea-based development management in connection with the use of Iran's marine areas.

The most important management plans in the realization of goals and objectives related to the sea-based development can be stated as follows:Providing the highest level of efficiency in management fields in order to achieve goals and as an important factor in all programs related to plans and actions; knowing Iran's naval capabilities and potentials and its connection with the surrounding areas and the world; Management of appropriate port locations in coastal areas in order to achieve industrial, agricultural, livestock, commercial and trade and service programs and their use in order to establish proper economic relations in the development programs of the country; Access to suitable port capacities in line with the specialized concepts related to them; Access to the required public and infrastructure facilities based on their efficiency;The possibility of having coastal and post-coastal transportation facilities in terms of their connection with the internal regions of the country, along with the connection of these facilities with intercontinental transportation and major shipping routes;Obtaining the required port services in terms of understanding the demands and land and sea transports;Acceptability of achieving the desired and required portworkflow,including container services and all types of cargo and passengers;Obtaining the required marine services such as guiding and towing ships, rescue fleets and coastal dredging equipment; Access to port support services, such as shore supports for ships and container repairs, storage, waste and water and sewage collection, communication facilities, and banking and commercial services;Fulfillment of executive needs including marketing,human resource development and training, technical equipment, information and statistical system resources;Clarity of financial implementation plans such as self-governing plans and profitable financial workflow, removing or solving the problems of unprofitable services and preparing the grounds for profitable investments according to market conditions and at the domestic, regional and global levels;The efficiency of ports and, if necessary, the use of new ports in order to realize economic plans;The ability to have sea-based development programs based on national laws and regulations and the hierarchy of national training and physical programs;Having a favorable and acceptable and advanced organization and management, in a way that it is comprehensive, dynamic, diligent and opinionated in achieving the required goals;Paying attention to the issues brought up by globalization, such as membership in international economic institutions, having criteria and indicators, and division of labor in the global market;Environmental protection based on national, regional and globalstandards;The establishment of competitive economic activities such as access to the private sector, port activities, stock market, regional and global competitions, based on the safety, health of activities and in the shadow of advanced anagement;Meeting social and economic needs in terms of employment, expertise, human development resources, health and recreation and transportation services;Setting landscape plans, scheduling, budgeting and providing them in line with economic, social and physical developments;The permanent establishment of training in various specialized service, technical and management fields;Continuous attention to research programs related to development research related to sea-based developments;Paying attention to the increase in the investments related to the prosperity of the country's economic market, through the expansion of sea-based economic and social exchanges;Complete coordination with environmental structures in connection with all types of constructions according to natural, human, physical, technical, temporal and spatial conditions.

In the current situation, Iran's maritime trade facilities and services, despite their relative efficiency, need to be expanded. The infrastructure of port services in the sea areas needs a complete transformation, regarding that the proposed sea-based development programs requires extensive programs. Iran's coasts have had various functions throughout history, which have continued until today and have had ups and downs. In order to expand sea-based activities and realize sea-based civilization, it is necessary to plan and manage extensively in order to achieve the goals. It is appropriate to make use of these facilities and Iran's convenient position in the Middle East and the world, and Iran's access to different parts of the world, including lands that play an important role in terms of trade, commerce, population, and technology. In this article, the need for effective management methods was briefly investigated as a guarantee to achieve the advanced sea-based goals.

Introduction:

Since about a century ago, Iranians have been careful in facing the social developments of other nations and the implementation of the "development" paradigm in Iran and third world countries. And gradually their thinking has reached a degree of maturity to start an official effort to replace this paradigm.A review of Iran's social history from 100 years ago until now, clearly indicates that Iranians have continuously observed the social developments of other nations and with the coming of the Pahlavi period, they witnessed profound spatial changes in Iran.These developments took an organized form especially during the second Pahlavi period, and many programs were prepared in the field of administrative organizations, buying satellites, establishing a nuclear power plant, building big dams, creating amodern army, etc. The implementation of these programs in several decades was followed by a national review of what had happened. The general understanding of the society based on the emotional wisdom of what had happened can be summarized in a few basic points.What has happened is pushing Iran towards a country with mass consumption and leading to dependence on foreigners. The class gap and the population of the poor have increased drastically every day. Nomadism and muralism are in danger of extinctionEnvironmental vulnerability has become a serious problemIran's cultural and historical identity has been exposed to destruction and its major change has manifested as a fundamental attack )Crossing identity, history and security(.

This article followed a comparative logic and mostly analyzed the differences between the development and progress paradigms. Also to run the progress paradigm it is tried to benefit from the executive structures of the development paradigm

In order to achieve the goals of this research, at first, the bases and foundations of the development paradigm (Rusto in America), the land use paradigm (the French and the Germans) and the regional foresight paradigm (the European Union) in terms of epistemology are investigated, and according to the definition of paradigm according to Cohen, the semantic variables of each paradigm are indexed. The semantic variables defined for each paradigm were: The Hometown  of paradigm. The Doctrine of paradigm.The goals of paradigm.The final destination of paradigm.The executive subsystems of paradigm.The ideological contexts of paradigm .After recognizing each of the semantic indicators of the paradigms, the recognition of these semantic indicators was discussed in the paradigm of progress. This work was done based on the latest version of the Paradigm of Progress document at the Iranian Islamic Pattern Center. In the next step, to compare these paradigms with each other, “Nich method” was used to calculate their spatial distance. The degree of difference of each in the field of Hometown, Doctrine, and Goals was determined. This comparison has followed “Jeanette's method” of analysis.

Investigations showed that the four paradigms in spatial planning have sometimes fundamental differences in terms of Hometown, Doctrine, and Goals. These differences in their Hometowns, Doctrines, and Goals are different from what is discussed in the progress paradigm of Iranian society, and therefore, a review of the theoretical foundations of social and spatial evolution in Iran requires a serious revision.

For the implementation of any paradigm, three systems (scientific-philosophical, governance and cultural) are necessary Which can generally be summarized in the following cases:Borrowing the executive organization of the "development" paradigm is one of the valuable experiences, the use of which can reduce the fifty-year period of the progress paradigm to one or two decades.Certainly, the implementation of the progress paradigm cannot be implemented without having three systems of "governance", "scientific" and "cultural", and this is the most important achievement of the development review and international experiences of several decades in the development paradigm.In the field of philosophical and scientific system, although the combination of the field knowledge and the university is a suitable combination, but the change in the content is necessary both in the field of knowledge and in the university. Iranian scientistsand researchers in both areas should define indicators that can continuously and intelligently evaluate the paradigm elements and the extent to which they have been achieved.In the realm of culture, the tricks and techniques of the evangelists are very rich and only updating them and their form of presentation should be adapted and updated according to the taste of today's societies. In this matter, the main axes of the norms of the progress paradigm should be placed in the agenda of the cultural trustees and help in all processes that can transform these norms into social behavior at various scales.

Since the mid-1960s and following the implementation of three development programs and the economic transformations that have taken place in the country and led to the concentration of investments in Tehran, the issue of redistribution of growth and wealth production across different regions of the country and control of the population increase in Tehran has been raised. Until today, the topic of strategic spatial planning and its optimal utilization has been discussed at various time intervals. Sometimes, actions have been taken under the title of strategic spatial planning or other related terms. However, for different reasons, attention to the concept of strategic spatial planning within planning system and development management of the country has not been addressed. Also, the economic planning system has never allowed serious expression of the existence and serious presentation of a strategic spatial planning approach.In fact, despite about half a century since the emergence of the need for strategic spatial planning which required depopulation of Tehran and balanced distribution of population and activities across the country and maximum and balanced utilization of the diverse capabilities of various regions and areas of the country, why this issue is still not settled? are the chosen strategic spatial planning approach correct and consistent with the requirements of the Iranian territory? Or there is a failure to properly integrate economic development policies with strategic spatial planning policies? During the implementation phase, are the programs deviated, and in reality, are the existing problems related to execution and implementers, or are they related to the programs and approaches themselves? Or have the unexpected events such as the eight-year imposed war and other factors like prolonged drought, regional and international political changes, and sanctions played a role? What role has the country’s political management system and administrative system played in this regard? To what extent have public culture and subcultures contributed to this situation? How can Strategic spatial planning effectively contribute to optimal and equitable utilization of the land and the well-being of all members of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the umbrella of the Islamic-Iranian model of progress?

The present research is applied and considers the importance of the strategic spatial planning approach in the progress of the country and aims to identify the effective factors in the non-implementation of this approach in the planning and management system of Iran. It also provides necessary strategies that can serve as useful guidance for planners and decision-makers. In terms of method and nature, this research is descriptive-analytic, and the data collection method is based on library sources.

Why strategic spatial planning has not become a discourse? In this regard, we can refer to two general categories of factors including general factors: public indifference to long-term issues and focus on short-term concerns, lack of a stable strategic planning system, lack of foresight and future-oriented thinking,  conflict between long-term Strategic spatial planning and short-term management, neglect of justice in the management and planning system and specific factors: theoretical ambiguity (lack of clarity in the approach), temporal gap, lack of clear and enforceable laws and regulations, absence of a strong educational and research foundation, conceptual dispersion and varying interpretations among experts (managers, academics, specialists), failure to transform into a public demand, lack of representation of peripheral regions in the central management circle, absence of an effective and continuous monitoring and oversight system with a focus on balanced development.

Based on the findings, the following strategies are proposed to change the current situation and transform the concept of strategic spatial planning into a discourse: discourse Formation at the elite level (including executive, academic, and specialized elites), promoting and reflecting the Islamic-Iranian model as an operational translator of the progress paradigm and a fundamental document for strategic spatial planning, ensuring justice in the fabric of the country’s management and planning system, establishment of a National Institution for Progress focusing on stability, foresight, and efficiency in the country’s management system, encouraging participation at all levels of planning and implementation, unified Planning and strategic spatial planning System: designing and implementing an efficient system for national planning and management, Effective Monitoring and Continuous Observation: establishing a national institution with legal authority and necessary resources for guiding and directing strategic spatial planning, designing and implementing an efficient monitoring and continuous observation system for the country’s spatial organization.