نشریه تحقیقات تمثیلی در زبان و ادب فارسی
پیاپی 58 (زمستان 1402)

The target of research has been written by library method and analytical-comparative method and its aim is to study the symbolic And allegorical concepts of cow in epic, lyrical and mystical works (based on Ferdowsi'sShahnameh, Nezami’s Khamseh (The Quintuplet) and Rumi's Masnavi) and wants to answer these questions: What is the attitude towards cows in Avesta and Pahlavi texts? In what symbolic and allegorical terms is cow used in each of the studied works? Is there a correspondence between the symbolic and allegorical concept of cow in the studied works? Which concept has an epic theme, which one has a lyrical theme and which one has a mystical theme

Allegorical metaphor, which is considered as one of allegorical types , is one of the main topics of rhetoric and controversial topic that has always turned the minds of rhetoricans to conduct research in this area, so today the research process in this area has became more active and extensive and the research shows that the allegorical metaphor, as one of the most expressive type of metaphors considered to be compound imagery, is mixed with other literary subjects , so in some rhetorical books, allegorical metaphor and allegory , which means assimilation and comparison one thing with another as one thing because the allegory is an extended metaphor . Allegorical metaphor , which is one of the most useful rhetorical tools in Saadi's poetry , has been used on different occasions and in different ways to convey the message. In this research, while defining and explaining allegory and allegorical metaphor , we have selected verses from Saadi's Sonnets and analyzed them , which shows that Saadi used allegory and its types in this poetry, but the use of allegorical metaphor is less frequent than other types of allegory.

Saadi in Bostan, which is one of the most influential didactic-moral masnavis of the Persian language, has beautifully used the tool of allegory to express his educational goals.
In this research, analytical-descriptive method and the method of library studies, reveal the importance of allegory and how this literary array is used in Bostan; all kinds of allegorical characters were investigated in the first chapter in order to answer the question that The idea of transferring moral teachings by Saadi was mostly written for which class of society in his Boostan?
The results showed that most of the allegorical characters of the first chapter are from the upper class and their descendants, including kings, rulers, and governers, and Saadi correctly has chosen the name of this chapter "At Justice and Resourcefulness and Thought" in order to give advice to a certain audience through the allegory of bitter truths, to mingle and teach them the sweet nectar of tales.
Saadi's use of allegorical characters and stories has not only added to the literary taste, but also made them last longer in the minds and language of the readers.

In this article with the title of the functions of allegory in Kalileh and Demeneh, this topic is explained focusing on the constructive role of allegory in the text of Kalileh and Demeneh. Kalileh and Demaneh is a perfect example of technical prose; Allegory is one of the imagination tools in this book. This research was done with the aim of highlighting and specifying the functions of similes in the book of Kalileh and Demaneh, and its importance lies in the fact that similes, in terms of frequency of use, are also dominant and have different functions and different roles in the direction of development and expansion. Meaning plays a useful tool in the service of expressing aesthetic concepts in this book. Allegorical simile, in its main Kurdish work, deals with the expression of mysterious, abstract and mental matters and concepts and their discovery by tangible, objective things; In allegory, because the unknown is always compared to the known, it makes it stand out. After checking and taking slips from the first-hand sources and coding the slips, the researcher analyzed the data. This research was done in a descriptive and analytical way.

The main problem of the current research is the comparison of the function of animal allegory in three educational works; Kalila and Demneh, Marzbannameh and Sandbadnameh are used to explain how each of the three works in question have used the allegory of animals in line with their specific goals. The value of this research is due to the literary importance of allegory and also the valuable literary position of the three works in question in the field of educational literature. The most important questions in front of it are; In the three considered works, which functions are considered for animal allegory? What are the similarities and differences between these functions? This research was written with library tools and in a descriptive-analytical method, and it was provided by examining examples of stories with allegory of animals from all three mentioned books. The research findings show that; The authors of all three mentioned books have revealed complex meanings and expressed moral virtues and vices by using the allegory of animals. The function of allegory in Kalileh and Demneh relies more on the balance of power and is often political, social and moral, but the function of allegory in Marzbannameh is more moral, social and political, and in Sandbadnameh, by using allegory based on the beliefs of that time, it deals with the tricks of women. It is moral, social and cultural.

his point of view, the appearance of the stories is not very important, but what is important the results and his impressions of the stories. Most of the imaginary images used in Molvi's poems are allegories. Each of Molavi's stories and allegories can be looked at from a special and different point of view, and one can see a wonderful and amazing sight as much as one's understanding and vision. Molavi's poems are not ordinary words in the field of literature, but rather authoritative and scholarly anecdotes and parables. He has brought the moral principles and diversity of opinions and experiences in the anecd Abstract In his works, Maulavi has used anecdotes and verses as parables to achieve new results. From otes. Maulavi's approach in allegorical stories is usually based on mystical teachings in order to explain and scientifically interpret the subjects. The author has tried to discuss the expertise and mastery of Rumi Mullah in stories and allegories in order to make clear and visible the degree of possession and initiative of Rumi in the design of stories and allegories. The method of compiling the article is library and using various sources and .analytical and descriptive method