فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگ - ارتباطات
پیاپی 66 (تابستان 1403)

This study explores the intricate relationship between official sports media and the prevalence of corruption within Iran's football industry. Despite football's immense popularity and the resulting extensive media coverage, the sport faces significant challenges. The intertwining of football with broader societal issues and managerial vulnerabilities creates loopholes that enable corruption. Reports from Iranian oversight bodies suggest the involvement of some official sports media outlets in perpetuating this corruption. This research investigates the mechanisms by which official sports media (encompassing newspapers, radio, television, news agencies, and news websites) contribute to corruption within the Iranian football industry. The primary objective is to elucidate the nature of media involvement in fostering corruption and identify the specific media outlets that act as facilitators. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study utilizes in-depth semi-structured interviews with 24 participants, including 12 from the football community and 12 from sports media professionals. Thematic analysis media outlets become tools for the football community of the data reveals three key avenues through which official sports media fosters corruption in Iranian football. First Sports media being guided by football people second remaining silent in the face of corruption. third, the media actively influences decision-making within clubs by interfering in transfers and overhyping players and coaches. Additionally, the research identified two themes regarding the media's role in facilitating corruption: 1) media-centric corruption, dominated by television and print media, and 2) individual-centric corruption, where sports media professionals exhibit low levels of direct involvement.

In the present article, cultural resistance signifies strategies that communities or individuals make in order to preserve and strengthen their culture in the face of hegemonic culture. In this regard, specific novels–Almanac of the Dead, The Round House, Ceremony, and Tracks–from Native American authors are selected and analyzed. The characters of these novels resist the dominant culture, using counter-discourses to dismantle the hegemonic discourse. Instead of simply accepting the dominant discourse, the inferior culture tries to articulate new meanings and stabilize them around the nodal point of their culture. The characters, analyzed in this study, remember the residual elements that question and negate the dominant discourse and use them to create faultlines that ultimately deconstruct the nodal points of the hegemonic discourse. Accordingly, the current research aims to develop and apply a specific strategy for resistance, using analytical-descriptive method and discourse construction theory. Moreover, the findings of the research indicate that the studied novels follow a specific pattern for resistance that can be used by other cultures under the pressure of the hegemonic discourse.

The Sacred is defined in the tradition world, and examining its representation in narrative cinema as a modern phenomenon is a significant issue. Traditionalists believe that sacred matters can take on a form of art known as sacred art; however, they lack a clear and comprehensive perspective regarding its representation in cinema as a modern phenomenon, with which they are in conflict. The importance of this research lies in finding a mode of representing sacred matters in cinema based on the views of traditionalists. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore and elucidate how sacred matters are represented in cinema from the perspective of traditionalism. This research employs qualitative and library-based research methods to investigate and examine the views of traditionalists on this matter. To achieve this, the foundational concepts of traditionalist thought related to this research, such as the concepts of tradition, sacred matters, and sacred art, as well as the allegorical style as a style close to sacred art in cinema, have been explicated. The findings of this research indicate that, just as traditionalists seek sacred art in a specific form characterized by qualities and characteristics corresponding to the divine world, these features can be found in the allegorical style. The allegorical style, in terms of representing sacred matters, functions similarly to sacred art, using specific elements to portray sacred matters. Thus, the use of the allegorical style in representing sacred matters in cinema, based on the views of traditionalists, holds promise and borders on something called sacred cinema. In the current research, 6 films, The Emigrant, Faraway so Close, The Song of Sparrows, The Foothhold, A Piece of Bread, and Paradise, have been examined, and the results indicate the function of transcendental style in the representation of the sacred.

The purpose of this research is to know the discursive components of fake news in the events of the fall of 1401. For this purpose, the fake news published through X accounts of BBC Persian and Iran International were analyzed using the discourse analysis method with Norman Fairclough's approach, based on the investigated indicators, the findings showed that both X-accounts, ten actions "drawing a negative atmosphere for the audience", "increasing the gap between the government and the protesters with the authority of international institutions", "bipolarization of society", "creating semantic rationality", "inducing conspiracy theories", "prominent Creating dimensions of human rights and western democracy", "Using methods of rhetoric", "Production of pseudo-science", "Repetition of ideological words" and "Trying to create belief in the audience to pass through the Islamic Republic" have been used in fake news. Also, Both of the investigated news channels do not have an action for the metaphor index. The sameness of the discourse components in the two investigated media shows that they follow somewhat similar ideologies.

The purpose of this paper is "Discourse Analysis of Cultural and Political Messages of Tehran Municipality" based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory, published on the billboards of Tehran from 2006 to 2016, in order to answer these questions: How the Tehran municipality articulates discourse due to its nodal points and floating signifiers? Has it considered antagonizing and rejection of rival discourse components? The researcher achieved a theoretical saturation by the targeted selection of 25 graphic designs and exploring the semantic implications and discourse structure of each according to the concepts and components of discourse theory. The findings of the research show: The nodal point and the “guardianship-centeredness (velayatmadari) “is on the focus of the municipality, the “jihadi management”, “clericalism”, “cultural invasion” are articulated around this focal point which has conformity with the discourse of “principals”. The chain of equivalence with the critical political and social activists of the government was not formed.

The proper politicization of mass media leads to the increase of political participation by creating competition between classes, parties and groups. In today's world, the motivation, interest and intensity of citizens' desire for political activity (election participation) is influenced by media policy, the type and method of using media agents. The main purpose of this research is to study the effect of media factors on the level of political participation. The research method is quantitative meta-analysis (CMA2), the unit of analysis is articles from the scientific sources of Normagz and Mag Iran in the period 2005-2023. 40 scientific documents were collected as a statistical population and 26 scientific documents (sample size) were collected by deliberate-non-probability method according to the evaluation of the article according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the results were analyzed with Cohen's d and Fisher's f tests. The results show that media factors have a significant effect on the political participation of citizens and the value of its influence coefficient is equal to 0.220 (positive and direct relationship). Also, the amount of use of domestic media (0.234), consumption of mass media (0.167) and media literacy (0.211) have a positive effect, and the amount of use of foreign media (-0.258), membership in virtual space (215/) -0) and membership in social networks (-0.147) had a negative effect on political participation.

The “selectiveness” and “being free” characteristic of leisure makes it the most important platform for the manifestation of lifestyle. Different generational group have different leisure patterns. Due to various reasons, there was a variation among “generations” in the confronting with the Corona epidemic and the extent of lifestyle changes its consequences. The main objective of present article is to investigate the changes before and during pandemic in leisure activities as an indicator of lifestyle among 3 generation of youth, middle age, and elderly. Survey method applied in this study. Tehran citizen were the sample for the survey and 390 people contain the universe according to Cochran formula. Three leisure patterns among the youth, middle age and aged generation identified, which are traditional, religion and modern leisure patterns. The traditional leisure pattern has decreased in all the generations with different intensity and the modern leisure pattern has increase in all the generations with different density. Among aged generation, the most decreased were occur in the traditional leisure during the pandemic and in young generation, we see an increase in the modern leisure pattern at this time. The religion leisure pattern has a limited increased among young and middle-age generations but among the elderly, this leisure has decreased to a limited extent. Corona pandemic increased the intensity of the existing process of individualization and facilitated it. Consequences related to leisure changes affected by Corona pandemic, are the habit of being alone and the loneliness of the Iranian family and individual, especially the aged, weakening the platforms for transferring and internalizing intergenerational values, and more desire for individual and screen leisure

The purpose of this article is to study the lived experience of the journalists’ interpersonal and social communication quality. Due to the implementation of preventive measures during the outbreak of Corona, the special characteristics of human life affected the individuals’ communication in different ways and created novel experiences through new changes in the daily life and human interactions. The journalists with the highest level of human communication were selected as the statistical population. This article uses the interpretive phenomenology and the semi-structured interview method in order to understand the deep meaning of these experiences. The study field of the research includes the journalists in Tehran, and the sample selection continued until the theoretical saturation of the data with 21 journalists. Finally, the open, central and selective coding was done based on analyzing the interviews to identify the related categories and concepts to the role of preventive measures in the journalists’ interpersonal and social communications; two categories were counted in interpersonal communications including “challenge in personal and family relationships” and “mental and psychological changes” and three categories were realized in social communications including “challenge in social interactions and distance from society”, “challenge in mutual social understanding” and “reduction in social cohesion”. The findings indicate that there has been a “reverse turn” in the journalists’ interpersonal and social communications compared to the normal condition and has actually generated serious challenges for the journalists in terms of interpersonal and social relations.