مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 38 (بهار 1402)

Since new evidence shows the anti-inflammatory effects of selenium, the aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial articles on the effect of selenium on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pregnant women.

In this study, Clinicaltrials.gov, ISI web of science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched until April 2024, and all randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of selenium on serum CRP levels in pregnant women were selected. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to calculate the overall effect size and heterogeneity. Cochran’s Q-test and I-squared tests were also used to assess statistical heterogeneity between studies.

The results of the meta-analysis conducted on the clinical trial studies showed that selenium supplementation reduced the serum CRP level by 3.99 mg/L, which was statistically significant (confidence interval (CI): -2.30, -5.6; 0.001˂P), and the heterogeneity between studies was also significant (0.001˂P).

The results showed that selenium supplementation can significantly reduce serum CRP levels in pregnant women. However, it seems that more studies in different parts of the world are still needed to confirm the beneficial effects or side effects of selenium supplementation on CRP levels among pregnant women due to the significant heterogeneity among studies.

Phages can be used as biological control agents to reduce microbial loads in food and extend its shelf life. The stability of phages against pH and temperature plays a crucial role in their application in the food industry. This study focused on the reduction of microbial load in meat contaminated with Escherichia coli at two temperatures (4°C and 25°C) and evaluated their resistance to pH and heat.

The thermal and pH stabilities of the bacteriophage PhE19 were assessed, and its activity range was evaluated across different hosts. To examine the antimicrobial activity of PhE19, 100 µL of a bacterial suspension along with 100 µL of phage extract were added to meat samples and were monitored for four days at 4°C and 25°C.

Electron microscopy revealed that the isolated phage had a polyhedral head and a contractile tail. The latent period was 20 min. The evaluation of PhE19 against pH showed that it remained active within the range of 4–12, but its activity dropped below the detection limit at pH ≥ 13 and pH ≤ 3. It remained stable at temperatures between 30°C and 60°C for 30 min. The studied phages reduced the microbial load in meat at 4°C.

Understanding the stability of phages at various pH levels and temperatures can enhance their application in the food industry.

Considering the importance of improving maternal and fetus health during pregnancy, the role of training programs is undeniable. This study aimed to examine the effect of education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on the promotion of urinary tract infection-preventing behaviors in pregnant women.

The Aquasi-experiment was conducted on 200 Pregnant women (intervention 100 and control 100) referred to Torbat Heydariyeh city health centers by random cluster sampling method in 2017. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the HMB model and demographic variables, for which the validity and reliability were reviewed and confirmed. The next step This questionnaire was completed in two stages: before and two months after training. The study hypotheses were tested using the chi-square and independent t-tests, paired t-tests, regression, and Pearson’s tests at a significance level of 0.05.

The average age of the participants was 27 ± 6.17. There was no significant difference in terms of demographic variables and different dimensions of the HBM between the two study groups in the pre-intervention stage. However, after receiving training from the experimental group, a significant difference was observed in the mean and standard deviation (SD) of education knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, cues to action, efficacy, and behavior in the intervention group (P < 0.001).

The results of this study showed that HBM-based educational intervention could improve preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection; therefore, we suggest that the Theory could be used as a suitable framework to enhance preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in pregnant women.

Teamwork is a crucial component of responsibility and the role of nursing in patient care and treatment. It is also one of the valuable abilities and is emphasized today in the professional field of nursing. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the amount of teamwork and related factors related to nurses’ teamwork.

this study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 1398 selected hospitals in West Isfahan Province. One hundred eighty-one nurses were selected using Cochran’s formula using a convenient sampling method. In addition to ethical considerations, data were collected using the standard Hoegl and Gemuenden Team Work Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistical tests with SPSS 24 software.

The mean score of nurses' teamwork was 141.67± 16.22. There was no significant relationship between teamwork and the age of the nurses(p>0.05), and the mean number of nurses based on work experience (p<0.05) showed a significant difference. Nevertheless, the mean of the teamwork was not significantly different in terms of gender, marital status, education level, and type of nurse shift and department (p>0.05).

According to the results of this study, the mean teamwork of the nurses was desirable.  Given the role of teamwork in improving and enhancing the quality of care, the principles of teamwork should be emphasized in clinical settings.

Hospital employees are exposed to occupational stress due to the nature of their job. Stress can affect people's nutritional behavior. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of snacking in reducing occupational stress among employees of teaching hospitals of Shushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1400 in Al-Hadi and Khatam al-Anbia hospitals in Shushtar. A total of 130 medical and administrative staff participated in this study voluntarily. In order to collect information, occupational stress questionnaire and nutritional frequency checklist were used. Data analysis was done using version 22 software with a significance level of 5%.

The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between the type of snacks consumed, such as creamy biscuits and cappuccino, with the occupational stress index. To the extent that the occupational stress index was lower among the people who ate the mentioned snacks. Also, a significant relationship between job stress and the type of personnel shift was observed (p-value < 0.05).

due to the increase in occupational stress in hospital staff, especially female staff working in hospital treatment departments and the role of healthy nutrition in improving healthy lifestyle, it is necessary to simultaneously teach nutrition and health in the form of frequent and intermittent workshops in Hospitals should be held

Considering the importance of improving maternal and fetus health during pregnancy, the role of training programs is undeniable. This study aimed to examine the effect of education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on the promotion of urinary tract infection-preventing behaviors in pregnant women.

The Aquasi-experiment was conducted on 200 Pregnant women (intervention 100 and control 100) referred to Torbat Heydariyeh city health centers by random cluster sampling method in 2017. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the HMB model and demographic variables, for which the validity and reliability were reviewed and confirmed. The next step This questionnaire was completed in two stages: before and two months after training. The study hypotheses were tested using the chi-square and independent t-tests, paired t-tests, regression, and Pearson’s tests at a significance level of 0.05.

The average age of the participants was 27 ± 6.17. There was no significant difference in terms of demographic variables and different dimensions of the HBM between the two study groups in the pre-intervention stage. However, after receiving training from the experimental group, a significant difference was observed in the mean and standard deviation (SD) of education knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, cues to action, efficacy, and behavior in the intervention group (P < 0.001).

The results of this study showed that HBM-based educational intervention could improve preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection; therefore, we suggest that the Theory could be used as a suitable framework to enhance preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in pregnant women.

Identifying and assessing risks is a critical requirement to prevent accidents and protect human health in the workplace. The failure mode and failure effects method (FMEA) is a widely used tool to identify and evaluate risks in a system. Due to some shortcomings, researchers have recently focused on improving the analytical capabilities of this method. This study presents an approach that uses a multi-criteria decision model, the Fuzzy Best-Worst Model (FBWM), to overcome the limitations of the FMEA method.

The first step was to identify all failures and risks.  Then, in the second step, the FBWM technique was incorporated into the FMEA to weight the risk parameters. Finally, the fuzzy numbers for each risk parameter were combined, and the fuzzy risk priority number was calculated. The proposed method was applied to analyze the failures and risks of steam boilers.

The most significant risks were mechanical safety valve failure, electrical safety valve failure, and fitting failure. The results demonstrate that, unlike the traditional FMEA method, the proposed approach can provide a distinct risk priority for each identified risk.

The proposed FMEA method results in a detailed risk prioritization, ensuring that the relative importance of all relevant failure modes and risks is considered.

Since new evidence shows the anti-inflammatory effects of selenium, the aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial articles on the effect of selenium on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pregnant women.

In this study, Clinicaltrials.gov, ISI web of science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched until April 2024, and all randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of selenium on serum CRP levels in pregnant women were selected. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to calculate the overall effect size and heterogeneity. Cochran’s Q-test and I-squared tests were also used to assess statistical heterogeneity between studies.

The results of the meta-analysis conducted on the clinical trial studies showed that selenium supplementation reduced the serum CRP level by 3.99 mg/L, which was statistically significant (confidence interval (CI): -2.30, -5.6; 0.001˂P), and the heterogeneity between studies was also significant (0.001

The results showed that selenium supplementation can significantly reduce serum CRP levels in pregnant women. However, it seems that more studies in different parts of the world are still needed to confirm the beneficial effects or side effects of selenium supplementation on CRP levels among pregnant women due to the significant heterogeneity among studies.