فصلنامه پژوهش نامه زنان
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 47، بهار 1403)

Painting influenced by Iranian literature and history is one of the manifestations of the relationship between art and literature, which has always had a special place in Iranian culture. The study of these works can lead to new readings in the field of image studies with regard to social implications. The scene of the meeting of "Laili and Majnoon" is one of the most prominent scenes of the love story in Khamseh Nizami, which has been depicted many times by Iranian artists. The purpose of this research is to read iconologically and find out the analysis of Lili's personality in some paintings of the meeting between Lili and Majnoon. Introducing and analyzing the visual features that have received less attention is one of the development goals of this research. The research question is as follows, based on reading iconology from Panofsky's point of view; How is the character of Lily represented by Qajar era artists? The research method in this research was descriptive-analytical and using library resources.

Critics of traditional theology, particularly feminists, have turned their attention to reinterpreting the sacred text from a feminine perspective. By doing so, feminist theologians aim to provide a fresh outlook on the human relationship with God, drawing from women's experiences within Western religious and intellectual traditions. This approach has led to the scrutiny of the historically male-centered philosophical, and theological foundations in the history of philosophy and theological thought. Consequently, gender has emerged as an explicit or implicit element in interpretations of religious texts. This research focused on the methodology employed by Schüssler Fiorenza, in order to understand the role of gender and hermeneutics within her approach. the findings of this research revealed Fiorenza utilized a critical and rhetorical hermeneutical method to challenge the masculine interpretation of the sacred text. She established a foundation for a new feminine reading by constructing positive and conceptual frameworks derived from the Bible. Furthermore, Fiorenza traced the transformation of understanding by departing from male historical-theological approaches and incorporating female agency. It is important to note that Fiorenza's emphasis on the diversity of femininity in reconstructing a contextualized and gender-inclusive theology did not imply a relativistic approach to knowledge or exclusive adoption of feminist epistemology

the occurrence of an imposed war in the form of large surprise and bloody attacks by the enemy and the continuation of the battle for about a decade is an important and deep social changes that have changed the social order of institutions and structures. By exploring the statements and field interviews with women nurses and aid workers active in medical centers in war zones, this research examines the issue of marriage type and spouse selection patterns as well as related values and attitudes among them. The qualitative method of document analysis and thematic data analysis has been used.The findings show that the criteria for choosing a spouse is assimilation and follows the theory of matching spouses. The pattern of marriage is within the group- social groups rather than kinship groups. So, choosing a spouse by women, especially considering their age, is against the model of arranged marriage and kinship ones as a relatively common form of marriage in Iran can be defined as a sign of women's Agency and along with their determination to attend, social participation and the continuation of their nursing relief activities in high-risk war zones.

This research seeks to understand the processes that affect the gender aspects of ‎students' choice of major. With a qualitative approach,a semi-structured interview ‎was conducted with 42 students of different universities in Iran,and the resulting ‎data were measured and evaluated with thematic analysis technique. The findings ‎of the research show that the class gap and development are active in the selection ‎of the academic field,the hierarchical nature of the scores of universities and ‎academic fields on the one hand along with the class difference and development in ‎different regions of Iran limits the possibility of access to prestigious and high-‎paying universities and academic fields,this The limitation is more active for women ‎because it is associated with a gendered approach to academic disciplines that ‎feminizes occupations and consequently education and is associated with gender ‎quotas.The complicity of the family with the policy of local selection and emphasis ‎on ideal femininity in choosing a field and future job leads girls to bargain with ‎patriarchy. By interpreting the main themes and referring to the research literature ‎‎(Intersectionality theory),the final and comprehensive theme of the research is the ‎mechanisms of exclusion and discrimination that are formed at the intersection ‎between gender,class and center/periphery gap‏.‏

The purpose of this research is to understand the experience of women entrepreneurs, superior to their success process, and to show the understanding of women in the ups and downs of the entrepreneurial path by adopting a rethinking approach. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, the interpretative paradigm, grounded theory method and semi-structured individual interview technique (25 top women entrepreneurs) have been used. The central phenomenon of "top female entrepreneur as a resilient risk-taking innovator" was identified. This phenomenon refers to a woman who seeks to discover new ways and methods and is not afraid of any risks and challenges in this way, and at the same time, she is able to endure adverse conditions and it can rebuild itself. In addition, the results of the research have indicated the understanding of the mentality and understanding of women entrepreneurs superior to the managerial distinction between them and male entrepreneurs in management, some of these distinctions are: tolerance; The foundation of female management, the combination of mood coordinates and management style, productivity in the world of creation, actions aimed at resilience and soft management: a flexible and maternal model.

Surrogacy is a process in which a woman undertakes to carry and give birth to a baby for another couple. In the process of formation of surrogacy relationships, we see a complex network of mothers who are eager to have children through surrogacy. In contrast to the women who are willing to provide their uterus, mediators, medical team, contract law firms and family members of other parties are actors in this process. The exchange relations that are formed along the path of the substitution process are a function of the exchange actors, which can represent a symmetric or asymmetric exchange. The purpose of the present study is to examine the concept of replacement by surrogate mothers. In this way, women who rent their wombs, how do they interpret the matter of replacement. The research method is grounded theory. The participants are: women in Kerman city who have rented their uterus at least once. The key categories obtained are commodification of the body in the replacement process, stigma in surrogacy, control of the ordering mother, defamiliarization of pregnancy and transfer of pregnancy, fragmented identity and the core category is: alienation from pregnancy.